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평화를 사랑하는 세계인으로 1장 밥이 사랑이다 2. 사람들에게 밥을 먹이는 기쁨 1 나는 눈이 아주 작습니다. 어찌나 작은지 어머니는 나를 낳으시고 "우리 아기 눈이 있나 없나 ?" 하며 일부러 눈을 벌려 보셨다고 합니다. 그러자 갓 태어난 내가 눈을 깜빡깜빡해서 "어머나, 우리 아가 눈이 있기는 있구나!" 하며 기뻐하셨답니다. 그렇게 눈이 작았던 탓에 어려서는 '오산집 쪼끔눈이'라고 불렸습니다. 2 그래도 눈이 작아 볼품없다는 얘기는 별로 들어보지 못했습니다. 오히려 관상을 좀 볼 줄 아는 이들은 내 작은 눈에 종교 지도자의 기질이 들어 있다고 합니다. 카메라의 조리개도 구멍을 좁힐수록 더 멀리 볼 수 있는 것처럼 종교 지도자는 남보다 멀리 내다보는 선견이 있어야 하는 점에서 그런가 봅니다. 내 코는 별나기는 마찬가지여서 한눈에 봐도 누구 말도 듣지 않을 것 같게 생긴 고집불통 코입니다. 관상이 영 허튼소리만은 아닌 것이, 내가 살아온 날들을 돌아보면 '이렇게 살려고 그렇게 생겼나' 싶습니다. 3 나는 평안도 정주군 덕언면 상사리 2221번지에서 아버지 남평 문씨 문경유(文慶裕)와 어머니 연안 김씨 김경계(金慶繼)의 둘째 아들로 태어났습니다. 기미독립운동이 일어난 이듬해인 1920년 음력 1월 6일이 내가 태어난 날입니다. 상사리에는 증조할아버지 때 이사를 했다고 합니다. 수천 석의 농사를 손수 지으시며 자수성가로 가문을 일으키신 증조할아버지는 술과 담배는 입에도 대지 않으시고 그 돈으로 다른 사람에게 밥 한 끼라도 더 먹이는 것을 보람으로 아는 분이셨습니다. 4 돌아가실 때는 '팔도강산 사람에게 밥을 먹이면 팔도강산에서 축복이 몰려든다'는 유언을 남기셨습니다. 그래서 우리집 사랑방은 사람들로 늘 북적거렸습니다. 우리 동네 너머 사람들까지도 '아무 동네 문씨 댁에 가면 밥을 거저 준다'는 것을 모두 알 정도였습니다. 어머니는 그 고단한 수발을 척척 해내면서 불평 한번 하지 않으셨습니다. 5 잠시도 쉬는 법이 없을 만큼 부지런하셨던 증조할아버지는 틈틈이 짚신을 삼아 장에 내다 파셨고, 늙어서는 "후대에 우리 자손이 잘 되게 해주십시오"하고 빌면서 오리를 여러 마리 사서는 놓아주시곤 했습니다. 또 사랑방에 한문 선생을 들여 동네 청년들에게 글을 무료로 가르치셨습니다. 그래서 마을 사람들은 증조할아버지에게 선옥善玉이라는 호를 지어주고 우리 집을 일컬어 '복 받을 집' 이라고 불렀습니다. 6 하지만 증조할아버지가 돌아가시고 내가 자랄 적에는 그 많던 재산이 모두 날아가고 그저 밥술이나 먹고 살 정도였습니다. 그래도 밥 먹이는 가풍만은 여전해서 식구들이 먹을 밥이 없어도 남을 먼저 먹였습니다. 그 덕분에 내가 걸음마를 떼자마자 배운 것이 바로 남에게 밥을 먹이는 일이었습니다. 7 일제 강점기 시절 만주로 피난을 떠나던 이들이 지나던 길목이 평안북도 선천宣川이었는데, 우리집이 바로 선천으로 가는 큰길가에 있었습니다. 집도 땅도 모두 일본인들에게 빼앗기고 살길을 찾아 만주로 향하던 사람들이 우리집 앞을 지나갔습니다. 어머니는 집 앞을 지나가는 팔도 사람들에게 언제든 밥을 해서 먹이셨습니다. 거지가 밥을 달라고 하는데 어머니가 냉큼 밥을 내가지 않으면 할아버지가 먼저 당신 밥상을 번쩍 들고 나가셨습니다. 8 그런 집안에 태어나서인지 나도 평생 밥 먹이는 일에 매달려 살았습니다. 내게는 사람들에게 밥을 먹이는 일이 다른 무엇보다 귀하고 소중합니다. 내가 밥 먹을 때 밥을 못 먹는 사람이 있으면 마음이 아프고 목이 메어 숟가락질하던 손이 그냥 멈춰버립니다. 9 열한 살 때였습니다. 섣달 그믐날이 다가와 마을 전체가 떡을 하느라 분주한데, 형편이 어려워 밥을 굶는 이웃이 있었습니다. 나는 그 사람들의 얼굴이 눈에 선하여 온종일 집안을 뱅뱅 돌며 어찌할까 고민을 하다가 결국 쌀 한 말을 지고 뛰쳐나갔습니다. 식구들 몰래 쌀자루를 내가느라 자루에 새끼줄 하나 엮어 맬 겨를도 없었습니다. 그래도 어깨에 쌀자루를 짊어진 채 힘든 줄도 모르고 가파른 산비탈 길을 이십 리나 겅중겅중 뛰었습니다. 배고픈 사람들을 배불리 먹일 생각을 하니 기분이 좋아 가슴이 벌렁벌렁 풀무질을 해댔습니다. 10 우리 집 옆에는 연자방앗간이 있었습니다. 방앗간 안에 있는 불싸라기가 밖으로 새나가지 않게끔 사방을 잘 둘러 막아 겨울에도 웃풍없이 꽤 훈훈했습니다. 어쩌다 집 안의 아궁이에서 숯불이라도 얻어다 피우면 온돌방보다 더 뜨뜻했습니다. 팔도를 떠돌아다니며 구걸을 하는 거지들 중에는 우리 집 연자방앗간에 터를 잡고 겨울을 나는 이들이 여럿 있었습니다. 나는 그 거지들이 들려주는 바깥세상 이야기가 재미나서 걸핏하면 연자방앗간으로 찾아들었습니다. 11 어머니는 아들이 친구 삼은 거지의 밥까지 같이 차려서 방앗간으로 밥상을 가져오셨습니다. 내 숟가락 네 숟가락도 없이 밥 한 그릇을 같이 떠먹고, 담요 한 장을 나눠 덮으며 함께 겨울을 보냈습니다. 한겨울이 지나고 봄이 되어 그들이 멀리 떠나고 나면 그들이 돌아올 다음 겨울이 기다려지곤 했습니다. 몸이 헐벗었다고 해서 마음까지 헐벗은 건 아닙니다. 그들에게는 분명 따뜻한 사랑이 있었습니다. 12 나는 그들에게 밥을 주었고 그들은 내게 사랑을 나눠주었습니다. 그들이 가르쳐준 깊은 우정과 따뜻한 사랑은 오늘까지도 내게 큰 힘이 되고 있습니다. 세계를 돌며 가난과 배고픔에 고통받는 어린이들을 볼 때마다 남들에게 밥을 먹이는 데 조금도 아낌이 없으셨던 할아버지의 모습을 떠올립니다. |
平和を愛する世界人として 第一章 ご飯が愛である 2. 人に食事を振る舞う喜び 私の目はとても小さいのです。どれほど小さいかというと、母は私を産んで、「うちの赤ちゃんには目があるのか、ないのか」と言って、わざわざ目を広げて見ようとしたそうです。すると、生まれたばかりの私が目をぱちぱちしたので、「あれまあ、目があるにはあるんだ!」と言って喜んだといいます。そのように私の目が小さかったために、幼い頃は「五山の家の小さな目」と呼ばれました。 それでも、目が小さくて貧相だという話は聞いたことがありません。むしろ少しでも観相の分かる人は、私の小さな目に宗教指導者の気質が現れていると言います。カメラの絞りも穴を狭めるほどより遠くを見ることができるように、宗教指導者は人より先を見通す力がなければならないので、そのように言うのでしょう。私の鼻も変わっているのは同様で、一見して誰の言葉も聞かない頑固一徹の鼻です。観相は決していい加減なものではなく、私が生きてきた日々を振り返ってみると、「このように生きようとして、そのような顔に生まれた」と言うことができます。 私は平安北道定州郡徳彦面上思里二二二一番地で、父は南平文氏の文慶裕、母は延安金氏の金慶継の次男として生まれました。三・一独立運動が起こった翌年の一九二〇年陰暦一月六日が、私が生まれた日です。 上思里には曾祖父の代に引っ越してきたそうです。数千石の農業に直接従事して、独力で暮らしを立てて家門を起こした曾祖父は、酒もたばこも口にせず、そのお金でよその人にご飯一杯でも多く食、べさせようとし、そうすることに生き甲斐を感じる人でした。「八道江山(全国)の人に食事を振る舞えば、八道江山から祝福が集まる」1これが亡くなる際に遺した言葉です。そんなわけで、わが家の奥の間はいつもたくさんの人でごった返していました。「どこそこの村の文氏の家に行けば、ただでご飯を食べさせてくれる」と村の外にまで知れ渡っていたのです。母はやって来る人たちのつらい世話をてきぱきとしながら、不平を一度も言いませんでした。 休む間もなく熱心に働いた曾祖父は、暇ができると草鮭を編んで市場に出して売ったり、年を取ってからは「後代にわが子孫が良くなるようにしてください」と祈りながら、アヒルを数匹買っては放してやったりしました。また、奥の間に漢文の先生を招いて、近所の若者たちに文字を無料で教えるようにしました。そこで村人たちは、曾祖父に「善玉」という号を付けて、わが家を「福を受ける家」と呼びました。 しかしながら、曾祖父が亡くなって私が成長する頃には、豊かだった財産はすべてなくなり、ただ幾匙かのわずかなご飯を食べて暮らす程度になりました。それでも、人に食事を振る舞う家風だけは相変わらずで、家族が食べる分がなくても人を先に食べさせました。おかげで、私がよちよち歩きを始めて最初に学んだことが、まさしく人にご飯を食べさせるということでした。 日本占領期の頃、満州に避難する人々が通った町が平安北道の宣川です。わが家はちょうど宣川に行く一級道路(幹線道路)の近くにありました。家も土地も日本人に奪われて、生きる手立てを求めて満州に向かった避難民が、わが家の前を通り過ぎていきました。母は八道(李氏朝鮮時代、全国を威鏡道、平安道、江原道、黄海道、京畿道、忠清道、慶尚道、全羅道の八道に区分したことに由来する言葉)の各地からやって来て家の前を通る人のために、いつでもご飯を作って食べさせました。乞食がご飯を恵んでくれと言ってきて、すぐにご飯を出さなければ、祖父がまず自分のお膳をさっと持って行きました..そのような家庭に生まれたせいか、私も生涯ご飯を食べさせる仕事に力を注いできました。私には、おなかを空かした人たちにご飯を食べさせる仕事が他のどんなことよりも貴く重要です。ご飯を食べる時、ご飯を食べられない人がそこにいれば、胸が痛く、喉が詰まって、スプーンを持つ手がそのまま止まってしまいます。 十歳の時でした。大みそかの日になって、村じゅう餅を作るのに大忙しだったのに、暮らし向きが困難で食べる物にも事欠く村民がいました。私はその人たちの顔が目に焼き付いて離れず、一日中、家の中をぐるぐる回ってどうしようかと悩んだあげく、米一斗(一斗は十升、約十八リットル)を担いで家を飛び出しました。家族に気づかれないように米袋を持ち出そうとして、袋に縄を「本結んでおく余裕もありませんでした。それでも、米袋を肩に担いだまま、つらさも忘れて、勾配が険しい崖道を二十里(約八キロメートル。十朝鮮里は日本の一里、約四キロメートルに相当する)も跳ねるように駆けていきました。おなかを空かした人たちを腹いっぱい食べさせることができると思うと、気分が良くて、胸がわくわくしました。 わが家の横には石臼を使った精米所がありました。中の小米が外に漏れないように精米所の四方をしっかり囲むと、冬にも吹き抜ける風がなくて、とても暖かでした。家のかまどから炭火を分けてきて火を起こすと、オンドルの部屋よりも暖かくなります。そんなわが家の横の石臼の精米所に居場所を定めて、冬の季節を過ごす者たちが何人かいました。八道を転々として物乞いして歩く乞食たちです。彼らが聞かせてくれる世の中の話が面白くて、ちょくちょく石臼の精米所に足を運んだものです。母は息子の友達となった乞食の食事まで一緒に作って、精米所にお膳を持ってきてくれました。分け隔てなく同じ皿をつつき、同じご飯を食べ、毛布一枚に一緒にくるまって、共に冬を過ごしました。真冬が去って春になり、彼らが遠くへ行ってしまうと、また戻ってくる次の冬が待ち遠しくてなりませんでした。 体がぼろをまとっているからといって、心までぼろをまとっているわけではありません。彼らには、明らかに温かい愛がありました。私は彼らにご飯をあげ、彼らは私に愛を施してくれました。彼らが教えてくれた深い友情と温かい愛は、今に至るも私の大きな力になっています。 世界を回って、貧しさとひもじさで苦痛を味わう子供たちを見るたびに、人々にご飯を食べさせて少しも惜しむことがなかった祖父の姿が脳裏に浮かびます。 |
As a peace-loving global citizen CHAPTER ONE - Food is Love 2. The Joy of Giving Food to Others I have very small eyes. I am told that when I was born, my mother wondered, “Does my baby have eyes, or not?” and spread my eyelids apart with her fingers. !en when I blinked, she said with joy, “Oh my, yes. He does have eyes, after all!” My eyes were so small that people o.en called me “Osan’s Little Tiny-Eyes,” because my mother was from the village of Osan. I cannot remember anyone saying, though, that my small eyes make me any less attractive. In fact, people who know something about physiognomy, the art of understanding a person’s characteristics and fortune by studying facial features, say my small eyes give me the right disposition to be a religious leader. I think it is similar to the way a camera is able to focus on objects farther away as the aperture of its iris diaphragm is reduced. A religious leader needs to be able to see farther into the future than do other people, and perhaps small eyes are an indication of such a quality. My nose is rather unusual as well. Just one look and it is obvious that this is the nose of a stubborn and determined man. !ere must be something to physiognomy, because when I look back on my life, these features of my face seem to parallel the way I have lived my life. I was born at 2221 Sang-sa Ri (village), Deok-eon District, Jeong-ju Township, Pyong-an Province, as the second son of Kyung Yu Moon of the Nam Pyung Moon clan and Kyung Gye Kim of the Yeon An Kim clan. I was born on the sixth day of the first lunar month in 1920, the year after the 1919 independence movement. I was told that our family settled in the village of Sang-sa Ri during the life of my great grandfather. My paternal great-grandfather worked the farm himself, produced thousands of bushels of rice, and built the family fortune with his own hands. He never smoked or drank liquor, preferring instead to use that money to buy food to give to those in need. When he died, his last words were, “If you feed people from all the regions of Korea, then you will receive blessings from all those regions.” So the guest room in our home was always full of people. Even people from other villages knew that if they came to our home, they could always count on being fed a good meal. My mother carried out her role of preparing food for all those people without ever complaining. My great-grandfather was so active, he never wanted to rest. If he had some spare time he would use it to make pairs of straw footwear that he would then sell in the marketplace. When he grew old, in his merciful ways, he would buy several geese, let them go in the wild, and pray that all would be well with his descendants. He hired a teacher of Chinese characters to sit in the guest room of his home and provide free literacy lessons to the young people of the village. The villagers gave him the honorific title “Sun Ok” (Jewel of Goodness) and referred to our home as “a home that will be blessed.” By the time I was born and was growing up, much of the wealth that my great-grandfather had accumulated was gone, and our family had just enough to get by. The family tradition of feeding others was still alive, however, and we would feed others even if it meant there wouldn’t be enough to feed our family members. the first thing I learned after I learned to walk was how to serve food to others. During the Japanese occupation, many Koreans had their homes and land confiscated. As they escaped the country to Manchuria, where they hoped to build new lives for themselves, they would pass by our home on the main road that led to Seon-cheon in North Pyong-an Province. My mother would always prepare food for the passersby, who came from all parts of Korea. If a beggar came to our home asking for food and my mother didn’t react quickly enough, my grandfather would pick up his meal and take it to the beggar. Perhaps because I was born into such a family, I too have spent much of my life feeding people. To me, giving people food is the most precious work. When I am eating and I see someone who has nothing to eat, it pains my heart and I cannot continue eating. I will tell you something that happened when I was about eleven years old. It was toward the last day of the year, and everyone in the village was busy preparing rice cakes for the New Year’s feast. There was one neighbor family, though, that was so poor they had nothing to eat. I kept seeing their faces in my mind, and it made me so restless that I was walking around the house, wondering what to do. Finally, I picked up an eight-kilogram (17.6-pound) bag of rice and ran out of the house. I was in such a hurry to get the bag of rice out of the house that I didn’t even tie the bag closed. I hoisted the bag onto my shoulders and held it tight as I ran along a steep, uphill path for about eight kilometers (five miles) to get to the neighbor’s home. I was excited to think how good it would feel to give those people enough food so they could eat as much as they wanted. The village mill was next to our house. The four walls of the millhouse were well built, so that the crushed rice could not fall through the cracks. This meant that in the winter it was a good place to escape the wind and stay warm. If someone took some kindling from our home’s furnace and started a small fire in the millhouse, it became warmer than an ondol-heated room. Some of the beggars who would travel around the country would decide to spend the winter in that millhouse. I was fascinated by the stories they had to tell about the world outside, and I found myself spending time with them every chance I got. My mother would bring my meals to the millhouse, and she would always bring enough for my beggar friends to eat as well. We would eat from the same dishes and share the same blankets at night. This is how I spent the winter. When spring came, they would leave for faraway places, and I could not wait for winter to come again so they would return to our home. Just because their bodies were poorly clothed did not mean that their hearts were ragged as well. They had a deep and warm love that showed. I gave them food, and they shared their love with me. The deep friendship and warmth they showed me back then continue to be a source of strength for me today. As I go around the world and witness children suffering from hunger, I am always reminded of how my grandfather never missed a chance to share food with others. |
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