수상전투함 1997년 프로젝트 호라이즌 웹사이트

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1997년 4월 12일 것인데 옛날 자료가 설명이 더 충실한 것 같네요.

프랑스는 항모 호위용으로 필요한데 항모 자체의 장거리 레이다 덕분에 비교적 단거리 방공 능력만 필요하고 이탈리아는 지상에서 뜨는 공군기가 커버할 수 있는 범위 안에서 작전하는 것을 전제하고 있다고...

https://web.archive.org/web/19970412170439/http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/horizon/index.html

Naval Technology - France, Italy And The United Kingdom뭩 Horizon Common New Generation Frigate Programme

FRANCE, ITALY AND THE UNITED KINGDOM’S - HORIZON COMMON NEW GENERATION FRIGATES

The US$22.8 billion Horizon air defence frigate project - involving France, Italy and the United Kingdom - aims to produce 22 advanced ships for the 21st century. The new frigate, the centrepiece of the three nations’ future naval plans, is intended to replace the French navy Suffren class, supplement the Italian navy Doria and Audace class, and replace the UK Royal Navy’s Type 42 destroyers.

The UK has declared an interest in 12 ships, while France and Italy say they want four and six respectively, although some say that the programme could amount to less. Each nation will build its own first-of-class vessel in its own shipyards, the French frigate being constructed by Direction des Constructions Navales at Lorient shipyard, the Italian frigate by Orrizonte at Fincantieri and the British frigate by the GEC-Marconi’s Yarrow shipyard. Follow-on ships will be put out to competitive tender by the respective nations.

PROGRAMME

The development of the ship is divided into two parts. The main missile system and controlling radar, known as the Principal Anti-Air Missile System (PAAMS), will be developed on the basis of joint French-Italian missile research that has been in progress since the eighties (the UK may opt into the programme for £1 billion, or use a different system). The design of the ship, command and control and other weapons will be developed under the aegis of Project Horizon. The PAAMS project will be based in Paris, the Horizon programme will be based in London.

The frigate is presented as the first line of naval defence against missile and aircraft attack. Its new ship-radar combination has been developed to defend the frigate, and potentially, civilian shipping and naval battle groups, from air attack and sea-skimming anti-ship missiles. However, each nation has different naval strategies and requirements of the ships.

France needs a frigate to escort its De Gaulle nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, but would only require close range defence capability because the carriers mount their own air cover and long-range radar systems. Italy, which can rely on land-based air cover in the short reaches of the Mediterranean, only requires a ship with close range defence capabilities. The UK, however, requires a more powerful long-range missile intercept radar system which can throw a defensive bubble over shipping or naval groups in the Atlantic or elsewhere.

DEVELOPMENT

The Horizon programme is the participating nations’ second recent attempt at a collaborative frigate building project. Horizon has strong political backing in each nation.

One of the main motives for entering into a collaborative venture, rather than relying on national programmes, is cost. Research and development investments are shared, and longer production runs produce economies of scale.

"Artists impression. (photo:DERA)"

"Artists impression showing the Sampson variant of the Horizon frigate - UK version (photo:Project Horizon JPO)"

Three Memoranda of Understanding (MoU) between the three nations, releasing funds for the next stage of the programme, were finally signed on 22 March 1996 after eight years of discussion and four years of negotiations. Covering the development of its Principle Anti-Air Missile System and the Common New Generation Frigate, they set out the terms of the PAAMS programme (PAAMS MoU); the PAAMS Full Scale Engineering Development Initial Production Phase (PAAMS MoU Supplement One); and the Design Definition Phase (CNGF Programme MoU Supplement One). "The 3 navies have asked for their first-of-class ship to enter service early in the next century", with agreement on the basic co-ordinates and equipment for the Horizon frigate reached.

DESIGN

The ships will have a displacement of 6,500 tons full load. They will have an overall length of 148.4m, a beam of 19.9m and a maximum draft of 5.4 metres. With a maximum speed of 30 knots and a cruise speed of 18 knots, they will have a range of 7,000 nautical miles at 18 knots. The ship will accommodate 235 crew, with provision made for female personnel.

"Schematic of joint indicative design 2. (photo:Project Horizon JPO)"

"Schematic of UK version Project Horizon frigate. (photo:Project Horizon JPO)"

MAIN PROPULSION

The propulsion system has not yet been finalised with two two gas turbine diesel electric packages under consideration as an alternative to a standard CODOG layout. Options include: CODLAG (2 gas turbines; 36 MW; 4 diesel generators; 10.4 MW; 2 motors; 6.6 MW; and two shafts); CODLOG (2 gas turbines; 42 MW; 4 diesel generators; 5.2 MW; 2 motors; 2 MW; 2 shafts); CODOG (2 gas turbines; 43 MW; 2 diesels; 8 MW; 2 shafts). The final decision may affect the displacement of the vessel.

WEAPONS AND SENSORS

The ship will be armed with the Principal Anti-Air Missile System, sixteen Aster 15 and thirty two Aster 30 weapons, six DCN or BAe octopule SAM vertical launch systems, eight (2 quad) ANNG surface-to-surface missiles, and an inner layer missile or gun system. There will be 127mm and 30mm guns; Stingray torpedoes and torpedo launchers, and decoys. The hull will be fitted with Type 2050 medium frequency search and attack sonar. Air/surface search radar will be either the Thomson-CSF Astral or the Signaal-Marconi SMART L Smartello; and surveillance/firecontrol radar, the Seimens Plessey Sampson.

"Project Horizon combat management system flow diagram. (photo:Project Horizon JPO)"

"The Sampson radar scheduled for UK ships from 2005. (photo:Siemens Plessey)"

"The Empar radar scheduled for first-of-class 1 and 2 in 2004 - 2005. (photo:Alenia Elsag Sistemi Navali)"

[마로]

요즘 드는 생각이, 옛날에는 인터넷에서 자료를 찾는것 자체가 어려웠지만, 때문인지 보통이라면 공개되지 않을법한 수준의 고급 정보들이 인트라넷이 아닌 인터넷에도 버젓히 올라오는 일이 많았던 것 같습니다. 요즘은 딱 그 반대... 자료를 찾는것이 무척이나 쉬워졌지만 자료 접근성이 너무나도 좋아져서 넷상에 올라오느 자료와 올라오지 않는 자료를 나누는 평가 기준 같은 것이 매우 철저하고 빡빡하게 바뀐 듯한 느낌입니다. 물론 근 30년간 인터넷이 점점 대중화되면서 국가기관이나 회사들도 인터넷에 정보를 올리는 것에 있어 어떻게 다뤄야하는지 경험이 쌓인 것도 있을 것이고요.

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전에는 C-17A 생존성 평가를 위한 실사격 시험 자료까지 미국 국방부 웹사이트에 올라와 있었죠. 참고 자료로 잘 썼는데 지금은 웹사이트에서 사라졌습니다.