과연 <옛>의 의미와 어원은 무엇일까?
옛의 15세기 고어는 <녯 (석보상절)>이다.
그러면 한국어의 조상어인 르완다어를 참조하자.
르완다어 nyereza (to drag, slide, make disappear, steal, embezzle)의 뜻이며,
과거형은 nyereje이다.
<옛>의 고어 <녯>은 르완다어 nyereza (to make disappear)의 과거형은 nyereje에서
유래한 것으로서, <사라진 것> 즉, <지나간 시간>을 의미하는 것이다.
그러므로, <옛날>은 <지나가서 사라진 날>을 의미하는 것이다.
[출처] 옛의 어원|작성자 세건
yesterday 어제,과거
yester 이었어 옛 또는 어데-->어제;어원
옌날
티나-->치나-->지나
지나가다
시간이 지나다
해가 지다 날이 저물다
해 시간 1년 하루 등 세월을 뜻한다.
뒤 역시 시간적 공간적 상징이다.
인도 드라비다어에 우리말 옛날이 있었다.
Meaning : "yesterday" | Query method: Match substring
Proto-Dravidian : *cir-
Meaning : 1 day 2 yesterday
Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *cir
Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *cir
Meaning : day
Kolami : siḍ "day (ok siḍ one day; ā siḍ that day)"
Kolami (Setumadhava Rao) : ājīr "that day, day before yesterday"
Naikri : śir "day (ok śir one day; āśir that day, day before yesterday; ēśir when?)"
Naiki : accir "day before yesterday"
Parji : ciric
Ollari Gadba : siris
Kondekor Gadba : sirin "on a particular day"
Additional forms : Also Kolami_SR ejīr when; Kolami (Pat.) ašiḍ day before yesterday
Number in DED : 2553
Proto-North Dravidian : *cer-
Proto-North-Dravidian : *cer-
Meaning : yesterday
Kurukh : cerō
Malto : cewr
Additional forms : Also KUR cerontā, certā of yesterday; MLT cewti yesterday's.
Number in DED : 2779
Notes : A phonetically good PKG-NDR isogloss (NDR *-e- by umlaut < *cir-ō).
Proto-Dravidian : *nēr_-
Meaning : yesterday
Proto-South Dravidian: *nēr_-
Proto-South Dravidian : *nēr_-
Meaning : yesterday
Tamil : nerunal, nerunar_r_u, nerunai, nen_n_al
Tamil meaning : yesterday
Tamil derivates : nēr_r_u id.; lately, recently
Malayalam : innalē
Malayalam meaning : yesterday
Kannada : ninne
Kannada meaning : yesterday, time lately passed
Kodagu : ninnāndɨ
Kodagu meaning : yesterday
Miscellaneous : IRU nagat_t_u, nǟt_t_u yesterday; KOR (O, M, T) eru yesterday
Number in DED : 3758
Proto-Telugu : *ninn-
Proto-Telugu : *ninn-
Meaning : yesterday
Telugu : ninna
Number in DED : 3758
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *ner_-
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *ner_-
Meaning : yesterday
Notes : A very complicated root. PK form can go back to *nr_eʔ- < *ner_e-; PG form goes back to *nir_-n-. However, the status of Konda and Manda forms is unclear. Maybe i- is a prefix (deictic base 'this'?), since loss of initial n- is impossible for both languages. In this case Konda inen < i-ner_ (assimilation?), and Manda ineliŋ < *i-ner_-ŋ.
Brahui : darō
Brahui : darō
Meaning : yesterday
Additional forms : Also BRA dare nan night before last
Number in DED : 3758
Notes : Tel. *ninn- < *ner_-n-.
Meaning: "yesterday" | Query method: Match substring
Proto-Altaic: *t`i̯ū̀ni
Meaning: night, yesterday, dark
Russian meaning: ночь, вчера, темный
Turkic: *tün
Proto-Turkic: *tün
Meaning: 1 night 2 yesterday
Russian meaning: 1 ночь 2 вчера
Old Turkic: tün 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)
Karakhanid: tün 1 (MK, KB), dün, tün 'night, dark' (IM) Turkish: tün 1, dün 2
Tatar: tön 1
Uzbek: tun 1
Uighur: tün 1
Sary-Yughur: tune, tün 1
Azerbaidzhan: dünän 1
Turkmen: tün 1, dǖn 2
Khakassian: tün 1, 'dark'
Shor: tün 1
Oyrat: tün 1
Yakut: tǖn 1
Dolgan: tǖn
Tuva: dün 1
Tofalar: dün 1
Kirghiz: tün 1
Kazakh: tun 1
Noghai: tün 1
Bashkir: tön 1
Balkar: tün 1
Gagauz: dün 2
Karaim: tün 1
Karakalpak: tün 1
Kumyk: tun, tün 1
Comments: VEWT 505, EDT 513, ЭСТЯ 3, 315-316, Лексика 81, Stachowski 236. Cf. also Yak. tüŋ 'dark, darkness' (< *tün-Vk). The variant *dǖn, reflected in some languages, is obviously due to a secondary influence of *dǖĺ 'dream' (v. sub *t`ūĺke), as well as the archaic compound *tü-gün 'yesterday' (*'that day'), preserved in: Tur. dial. dühün, SUygh. tugɨn, Tuva, Tof. dǖn. Mongolian: *tüne
Proto-Mongolian: *tüne
Meaning: dark
Russian meaning: темный
Written Mongolian: tüne(n) 'dark', tün 'forest' (L 853) Middle Mongolian: tun (SH) 'thick black forest' Khalkha: tüner
Buriat: tünxij- 'to become dark'
Kalmuck: tünǝ 'dark; forest'
Ordos: tüner, tünir
Tungus-Manchu: *tīnu-
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *tīnu-
Meaning: yesterday
Russian meaning: вчера
Evenki: tīnewe
Even: tīniw
Negidal: tīnuwej
Orok: čine / čińē
Oroch: tinew
Udighe: tineneŋi
Solon: tīnuɣ, tīnuge
Comments: See ТМС 2, 183-184.