Trump will impose new tariffs on Mexico, Canada and China on Saturday, Whit

[류재수]

Trump will impose new tariffs on Mexico, Canada and China on Saturday, White House says

(트럼프대통령이 멕시코 중국과 캐나다에 새로운 관세를 부과할 것이라고 백악관 발표)

By Kevin Liptak and Dvid Goldman, CNN

Updated 3:24 PM EST, Fri January 31, 2025

(CNN) President Donald Trump will move forward with aggressive new tariffs on Canada, Mexico and China on Saturday, the White House said, affirming he will stick to his February 1 deadline for the new duties that could have widespread effects on the economy.

“I can confirm‎ that, tomorrow, the February 1 deadline President Trump put into place with a statement several weeks ago continues,” White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt said during Friday’s briefing.

Canadian officials are expected to meet with White House border czar Tom Homan on Friday in a bid to reach a deal that would stave off the proposed tariffs, according to two sources familiar with the meeting.

But asked later Friday in the Oval Office whether Canada, Mexico and China could do anything to stop the implementation of the tariffs, Trump said, “No.”

The White House’s confirmation of the new tariffs appeared to end speculation on whether the president would follow through on the pledge he made as a candidate to levy the new duties.

Leavitt said the tariffs would amount to a 25% duty on Mexico and Canada and a 10% tariff on China “for illegal fentanyl they have sourced and allowed to distribute into our country, which has killed tens of millions of Americans.”

“These are promises made and promises kept by the president,” she said.

She didn’t provide any details on precisely how the new tariffs would be implemented, only saying that the fine print would be available for public inspection within the next 24 hours. She similarly declined to say whether they will be applied to oil imports or whether additional exemptions will be included.

“Eventually we’re going to put tariffs on chips. We’re going to put tariffs on oil and gas. That’ll happen fairly soon,” Trump said later in the day, suggesting “around” February 18.

“We’re going to be putting tariffs on steel, aluminum, and ultimately copper. Copper will take a little longer, but it will happen quickly,” Trump said.

Trump also announced intentions to impose tariffs on pharmaceuticals, calling it part of a broader strategy to revive US industries.

“We’re going to build a tariff wall to bring pharmaceuticals back to America,” he said. “The way to do that is by putting up a wall— a tariff wall.”

Placing significant tariffs on the United States’ biggest trading partners serves as a gamble that taxing American companies for imported goods will ultimately punish the countries that make stuff Americans want — and bring those nations to the negotiating table. But it’s a risky bet that could easily backfire on American consumers and the economy.

“There could be some temporary, short-term disruption, and people will understand that,” Trump said when pressed by reporters on the cost of tariffs being passed on to consumers.

Trump earlier this week dismissed the idea that American consumers were reliant on imports from its two North American neighbors.

“We don’t need what they have,” Trump said, referring to Canada and Mexico.

Economists largely believe that, in limited circumstances, tariffs can be effective tools for economic growth. Trump has used and promised to employ tariffs for three primary purposes: to raise revenue, to bring trade into balance and to bring rival countries to the negotiating table.

Trump has said he wants Canada and Mexico to stop the flow of undocumented immigrants and illegal drugs into the United States. And for China, Trump has said tariffs would be aimed at forcing the country to make good on what he said was a stated promise to him that the government would execute people caught sending fentanyl to the United States.

Mexico’s president said Friday that her country was awaiting any potential US tariffs with a “cool head.”

“We have a Plan A, Plan B and Plan C for whatever the US government decides. It is very important for the people of Mexico to know that we will always defend our people’s dignity, our sovereignty, and engage in dialogue as equals,” President Claudia Sheinbaum told journalists at a daily news conference.

“No one — on either side of the border — wants to see American tariffs on Canadian goods,” Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said Friday afternoon in a statement on X.

“I met with our Canada-U.S. Council today. We’re working hard to prevent these tariffs, but if the United States moves ahead, Canada’s ready with a forceful and immediate response,” he added.

A delegation of senior Canadian officials has been in Washington for several days, meeting with various administration officials to try to avert the imposition of 25% tariffs. And Canada’s behind-the-scenes effort could turn into a full-court press if the levies go into effect. Premiers from all of Canada’s provinces — led by Ontario Premier Doug Ford — are planning to travel to Washington on February 12 for a larger mission.

Tariffs in certain circumstances do not cause inflation problems. Trump’s first-term tariffs did not meaningfully raise inflation, although they were far narrower in scope than what he is currently proposing, and the Covid-19 pandemic skewed some of the inflationary aspects of the tariffs — many of which remained in place during the Biden administration.

But mainstream economists largely agree that tariffs cause inflation. That’s because importers — not the countries exporting the goods — pay the tax, and they typically pass that cost onto consumers in the form of higher prices. New research from the Peterson Institute for International Economics suggests Trump’s aggressive tariff campaign will force American consumers to pay more for practically everything — from foreign-made sneakers and toys to food.

Trump’s proposed tariffs could add $272 billion a year to tax burdens, according to Karl Schamotta, chief market strategist at Corpay Cross-Border Solutions. The Peterson Institute has estimated Trump’s proposed tariffs would cost the typical US household over a $ 2,600 a year. 

Still, some proponents of Trump’s plan say the risk is worth the reward. Jamie Dimon, CEO of JPMorgan, last week told CNBC that if tariffs cause a little inflation but address a national security issue, then people should "get over it."

Tariffs far more sweeping than Trump’s first term.

The proposed tariffs expected on Saturday would hit a far wider range of goods than anything Trump has previously imposed.

During his first term, Trump’s tariffs hit roughly $380 billion of foreign goods, according to estimates from the Tax Foundation. The proposed tariffs on the nation’s three largest trading partners would hit about $1.4 trillion of imported goods, if there are no exemptions, the Tax Foundation said.

The figures underscore how aggressive and risky Trump’s tariffs would be, especially given how much prices have spiked since then.

“The administration is playing with fire,” said Joe Brusuelas, chief economist at RSM.

Brusuelas noted that the vast majority of imported US avocadoes are from Mexico, which faces a 25% tariff. “Go ahead and spike taxes on avocados ahead of the Super Bowl and watch how that turns out,” he said.

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White House 미국 백악관

move forward with = push away with 추진하다

aggressive new tariffs 공격적인 새로운 관세. 적극적 신관세

stick to [by] = adhere to, cling to, hold to, remain faithful to ~에 집착하다, 고수하다

duties =cutoms, customs duties, tariffs 관세

have widespread effects on  ~에 과범위한 영향을 미치다

White House press secretary 백악관 공보비서

be expected to ~라고 예상[기대]된다

meet with ~와 회동하다

in a bid to ~할 목적으로,~하려고 하여

stave off  저지하다, 피하다

according to two sources familiar with the meeting 회동에 정통한 두 소식통[출처]에 의하면

the Oval Office [Room] (백악관에 있는) 대통령 집무실

can do anything to stop the implementation of the tariffs 관세 이행을 막기위해 무엇이든지 할 수 있다

make [take] a pledge 맹세를 하다, 공약하다

levy [impose] the new duties 새로운 관세를 부과하다

amount to = add up to, sum to[into], total, total to [up to]  총계 ~가 되다, ~에 달하다

tariff = customs, duties 관세

llegal = illicit, illegitable, unlawful 불법의

llegal fentanyl 불법 팬타닐(진통제)

“These are promises made and promises kept by the president,”

이것들은 대통령이 한 약속이고 지킨 약속이다

make a promise 약속을 하다

keep a [one's] promise 약속을 지키다

 details 상세

 precisely 정확히, 정밀하게

decline 거부하다

apply to ~에 적용되다

additional exemptions 추가면제

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------관세의 의의

관세(customs duties. tariff)라 함은 한 나라의 관세선을 통과하는 재화와 용역, 외국에서 수입되는(외국으로 수출하는, 관세선을 통과하는) 물품에 대하여 국가가 조약 또는 국내법에 의하여 부과하는 조세이다.

A tariff is a tax imposed by a government of a country or of a supranational union on imports or exports of goods. Besides being a source of revenue for the government, import duties can also be a form of regulation of foreign trade and policy that taxes foreign products to encourage or safeguard domestic industry. Tariffs are among the most widely used instruments of protectionism, along with import and export quotas.

Tariffs can be fixed (a constant sum per unit of imported goods or a percentage of the price) or variable (the amount varies according to the price). Taxing imports means people are less likely to buy them as they become more expensive. The intention is that they buy local products instead, boosting their country's economy. Tariffs therefore provide an incentive to develop production and replace imports with domestic products. Tariffs are meant to reduce pressure from foreign competition and reduce the trade deficit. They have historically been justified as a means to protectinfant industries and to allow import substitution industrialization. Tariffs may also be used to rectify artificially low prices for certain imported goods, due to 'dumping', export subsidies or currency manipulation.

There is near unanimous consensus among economists that tariffs have a negative effect on economic growth and economic welfare, while free trade and the reduction of trade barriers has a positive effect oneconomic growth. However, liberalization of trade can cause significant and unequally distributed losses, and the economic dislocation of workers in import-competing sectors.