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(Navigation Safety)
- 목적; This course in navigation safety covers the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea with Canadian modifications as contained in Transport Canada’s Collision Regulations TP 10739. It includes IMO’s basic watchkeeping principles and recommendations as stated in the STCW’95 Code sections A-VIII/2 and B-VIII/2.
- 개요; General; Steering and Sailing Rules; Lights and Shapes; Sound and Light Signals; Exemptions and Additional Canadian Provisions; Positioning and Technical Details of Lights and Shapes; Additional Signals for Fishing Vessels in Close Proximity; Technical Details of Sound Signal Appliances; Distress Signals; STCW’95 Standard Watchkeeping Procedures and Practices
- 목표; 1) To help the student learn and understand the application of Collision Regulations.
2) To enable the student to understand the basic IMO standards for watchkeeping procedures and practices.
1.0 General
1.1 Canadian Interpretation and Application
– Define the terms listed in the Canadian Interpretation section of the Collision Regulations.
– Discuss the Canadian Application section of the Collision Regulations.
– Discuss the standards required for lights, shapes and sound signals.
– Identify the requirements for proof of compliance for lights, shapes and sound signals.
1.2 In ter na tional Ap pli ca tion and Responsibility
– State where, and to whom, the Collision Regulations apply.
– Explain the responsibility for all vessels to avoid collision.
– Define “ordinary practice of seamen”, “special circumstances” and “immediate danger”.
1.3 General Definitions
– Define the terms listed in Rule 3.
2.0 Steering and Sailing Rules
2.1 Conduct of Vessels in Any Condition of Visibility
– State the requirements for keeping a lookout under the Collision Regulations.
– List all factors to be taken into account when determining safe speed.
– Explain how to determine if risk of collision exists.
– Describe what general actions are required to avoid collision.
– State the responsibilities of vessels navigating in, or crossing, narrow channels.
– Explain what actions are required of vessels navigating in or near traffic separation schemes.
2.2 Conduct of Vessels in Sight of One Another
– Define “in sight of one another”.
– Explain the required actions of two sailing vessels when risk of collision exists between them.
– State the required action of a vessel in an overtaking situation.
– State the required action of two power-driven vessels in a head on situation.
– State the required action of two power-driven vessels in a crossing situation.
– Define “give-way vessel”.
– Define “stand-on vessel”.
– Explain the hierarchy of responsibilities between vessels.
2.3 Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility
– State when, and to whom, Rule 19 applies.
– Describe the actions to be avoided with regard to an alteration of course when a vessel is carrying out collision avoidance manoeuvres under Rule 19.
– State what action to take when the fog signal of another vessel is heard forward of the beam.
– Discuss how Rule 19 affects the application of the rules for the conduct of vessels in any condition of visibility.
3.0 Lights and Shapes
3.1 Application
– State when lights and shapes are to be displayed.
3.2 Definition
– List all characteristics of lights prescribed for vessels including colour, arc of visibility and flash interval.
3.3 Visibility of Lights
– State the minimum ranges of all lights prescribed for vessels.
3.4 Light Configurations
– Identify the lights required to be displayed by various vessels including power-driven vessels, towing and pushing vessels, sailing vessels and vessels under oars, fishing vessels, NUC, RAM, CBD, pilot vessels, anchored vessels and vessels aground, seaplanes and WIG craft.
4.0 Sound and Light Signals
4.1 Definitions
– Define “whistle”.
– Differentiate between “short blast” and “prolonged blast”.
4.2 Equipment for Sound Signals
– List the sound signal appliances prescribed for vessels of various lengths.
4.3 Sound and Light Signals
– Indicate the manoeuvring and warning signals required to be displayed by power-driven vessels in sight of one another when manoeuvring as authorized or required by the Collision Regulations.
– Identify the sound signals prescribed for vessels in or near an area of restricted visibility when underway, making no way, at anchor, aground, or engaged on pilotage duty.
– Discuss which signals may be used to attract attention.
5.0 Exemptions and Additional Canadian Provisions
5.1 Exemptions
– Discuss the exemptions as stated in Rule 38.
5.2 Additional Canadian Provisions
– Identify the special signals prescribed for vessels handling dangerous goods when underway, and when not underway.
– State which vessels are required to be equipped with a passive radar reflector.
– Describe the characteristics and placement of a passive radar reflector.
– Explain the Chairman of the Marine Technical Review Board’s authority concerning transponders.
– Describe how an exploration or exploitation vessel is to be marked for identification.
– Identify the lights and sound signals prescribed for an exploration or exploitation vessel when stationary and engaged in drilling.
– Describe the mandatory safety zone around an exploration or exploitation vessel.
– Describe how a Canadian ODAS is to be marked for identification.
– Identify the lights and sound signals prescribed for a Canadian ODAS.
– Define “government ship”.
– State which vessels are permitted to display a blue flashing light.
– Define “alternate system of navigation lights”.
- Differentiate between vessels required to “carry on board” an alternate system of navigation lights and vessels required to “be fitted with” an alternate system of navigation lights.
6.0 Positioning and Technical Details of Lights and Shapes
6.1 Definitions
– Define the terms “height above the hull” and “practical cut off”.
6.2 Positioning of Lights and Shapes
– Identify the vertical and horizontal spacing requirements for all lights and shapes prescribed for vessels of various lengths.
6.3 Technical Details of Lights and Shapes
– Describe screens for sidelights.
– Describe screens for lights other than sidelights.
– State the standard colour and dimensions of shapes
– Discuss the chromaticity standards of navigation lights.
– Define “luminous intensity” and “luminous range”.
– Discuss the relationship between luminous intensity and luminous range.
– Describe the horizontal sectors of navigation lights for all vessels.
– Describe, and distinguish between, the vertical sectors of navigation lights for power-driven vessels and sailing vessels.
– State the vertical spacing requirements for the manoeuvring light.
– Discuss what allowances are made for masthead light placement on high-speed craft.
7.0 Additional Signals for Fishing Vessels in Close Proximity
7.1 General
– Describe the positioning, and state the range of visibility of, the additional lights for fishing vessels.
7.2 Signals for Trawlers and Seiners
– Identify the additional light signals exhibited by trawlers and purse seiners, and state their meaning.
7.3 Canadian Modifications
– Indicate the special visual signal used for pair-trawling in Canadian waters.
- Identify the additional sound signals exhibited by vessels engaged in fishing in Canadian waters in any condition of visibility, and state their meaning.
8.0 Technical Details of Sound Signal Appliances
8.1 Whistles
– State the fundamental frequency range of vessels’ whistle signals.
– Describe the relationship between a vessel’s length and the fundamental frequency range of her whistle.
– Identify the required audibility range of the whistle for vessels of various lengths.
– Discuss the factors affecting the audibility range of the whistle.
– Describe the directional properties and positioning of whistles.
– Discuss the fitting of more than one whistle, and the use of combined whistle systems.
8.2 Bell and Gong
– Describe the construction requirements of the bell and gong, and state the required sound pressure level.
9.0 Distress Signals
9.1 International Distress Signals
– Identify the signals used separately or together to indicate distress and need of assistance.
9.2 Additional Canadian Distress Signals
– Identify the additional Canadian signals used separately or together to indicate distress and need of assistance.
10.0 STCW’95 Standard Watchkeeping Procedures and Practices
10.1 Watchkeeping at Sea
– Cite the basic principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch as set out in STCW’95 A VIII/2.
10.2 Operational Guidance
– Describe the recommendations on operational guidance for officers in charge of a navigational watch as set out in STCW’95 B-VIII/2.
10.3 Watchkeeping in Port
– Cite the basic principles to be observed in keeping a watch in port as set out in STCW’95 A-VIII/2.
10.4 Radio Watchkeeping
– Describe the basic principles to be observed in keeping a safety radio watch as set out in STCW’95 A VIII/2.