Although analysis from a strategic perspective is also concerned with explaining specific decisions, a decision-making perspective, as the term is used here and explained further in Part IV, differs in seeking to identify the calculations that policy makers have made in selecting a given alternative; in identifying the kinds and sources of influence that led them to select a given alternative; and in specifying the functions that various foreign-policy actions and institution perform in relation to the political system as a whole.
For instance, the decision to respond forcibly to the North Korean attack was explained from a strategic perspective in terms of the felt necessity to avoid a precedent in which Communist use of armed force could be successful in attaining political objectives and in terms of assigning a higher priority than before to Asia in the evolution of the containment strategy.
During the second day of the war, the South Korean army headquarters abruptly moved out of Seoul to retreat south-ward, severing communications with their own front-line units defending the city and giving American military advisers no notice of their departure or their destination.
Many Americans had found the Truman administration's disclaimer of responsibility for the fall if China to communism in 1949 unacceptable and had viewed with anxiety and doubt the administration's commitment in the ensuing months to the containment of communism in the Far East.
The speech that Launched the era that war to bear McCarthy's name war made by the Senator in Wheeling, West Virginia, in February 1950, to the Ohio County Women's Republican Club.
The State Department, he charged, was "thoroughly infested with Communists."
At various times in subsequent months, McCarthy was to claim that he had firm evidence to support such charges.
The gist of Senator McCarthy's appeal in West Virginia, however, and to thousands of other Americans who learned from the mass media of his allegations that day, was not to documented evidence, but rather to the widespread anxiety and malaise that made a charges emotionally plausible.
"How else can we account for our present situation," Joe McCarthy asked his audience rhetorically, "unless we believe that men high in the government art concerting to deliver us to disaster? This must be the product of a great conspiracy on a scale so immense as to dwarf any previous venture in the history of man.
In response, as a means of countering McCarthy's charges by demonstrating that they were unfounded, the leader of the Democratic party in the Senate introduced a resolution that provided for hearings on the charges, to be conducted by a subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations.
In March, with Joseph R. McCarthy testifying as the first witness, the widely publicized hearings of the Tydings committee began.
The hearings continued their widely publicized course for several months, and Senator McCarthy repeated and expanded his charges of communist activity and communist sympathy in high place in the government.
Secretary of State Acheson called the McCarthy attacks "mad" and "vicious," and President Truman denounced McCarthy by clear implication in a speech to the Federal Bar Association; in turn, McCarthy denounced Truman.
Such was the highly charged atmosphere in which the congressional campaigns were developing in June 1950
The Salient point is that the allegations of McCarthy and other that the Truman administration was "soft" on communism created pressures upon the administration to demonstrate that these allegations were unfounded.
첫댓글 이런식으로 올리시면 누구라도 선뜻 도와주기 어려울텐데요. 도저히 번역이 안되는 부분이 있어서 그러신다고 하셨으니.. 그 '도저히 번역이 안되는 부분'이 어딘지를 알려주세요.
콕 찍어주셔야죠 어느부분인지;;;
저도 클릭햇다가 이 방대한 양에 깜짝 놀랫다는...
번역이 안되는 부분이 아니라 과제를 해달라고 하시는듯.