Ἀρκαδία (Arcadia/Arkadía)

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Ἀρκαδία (Arcadia/Arkadía)

 Jimie ・ 2025. 10. 22. 19:37 ・

The native name of the country in Modern Greek is Ελλάδα (Elláda, pronounced [eˈlaða] ).

Hellenic Republic

Ελληνική Δημοκρατία (Greek)

Αρκαδία, Ελλάδα

Stemnitsa – Arcadia | Greece

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVhFr-OShEA

Stemnitsa (Greek: Στεμνίτσα) is a mountain village in the municipal unit of Gortynia, in Arcadia of Peloponnese.

Stemnitsa is a traditional settlement and is considered one of the most beautiful villages in Arcadia,

due to its picturesque location and its historical churches and mansions.

It is situated at the western edge of the Mainalo mountains, above the left bank of the river Lousios,

at about 1050 m elevation. Stemnitsa is 6 km southeast of Dimitsana, 9 km northeast of Karytaina,

18 km northwest of Megalopoli and 26 km west of Tripoli.

In 2011 Stemnitsa had a population of 191.​

꿈은 꾸는 자의 몫이기도 하지만 ,깨어나자고 꾸는 것인지도 모른다.

유토피아도 아캐디아도 이상향도 이 세상 그 어디에 있지를 아니하다.

나, 적막한 절해고도에서 고독을 꼭꼭 씹으면서 식겁하고 대오체득한 진리이기도 하다.

유토피아(Utopia)는 영국의 사상가 토머스 모어에 의해 1516년에 라틴어로 쓰인 소설의 제목이자

소설 내에 등장하는 가상의 섬나라 이름이다.

유토피아(Utopia)는 그리스어의 ou(없다), topos(장소)를 조합한 말로서 '어디에도 없는 장소'라는 뜻의 지명으로 의도적으로 쓰이고 있다.

즉, 유토피아는 '현실에는 결코 존재하지 않는 이상적인 사회'를 일컫는 말이다.

이상향( 理想鄕, 문화어 : 리상향)이라고 부르기도 한다.

'아캐디아(Arcadia)'는 영국의 시인이며 정치가인 필립 시드니의 작품으로 목가풍의 로맨스(1590)...

아르카디아(Ἀρκαδία/ Arcadia, Arkadia)는 그리스의 펠로폰네소스반도에 있는 지역의 이름이다.

그리스 신화에 등장하는 제우스와 칼리토스의 아들 아르카스에서 유래한 이름으로,

고대부터 이 이름으로 불렸다.

Ἀρκαδία명칭은 그리스 신화에 등장하는 아르카스(아르카디아인의 선조)에서 유래한다.

목동의 신 판(신화)이 다스리는 곳으로 목축업으로 생계를 잇는 목자들의 땅이었다.

로마 시인 베르길리우스가 《목가집》에서 이 땅을 사랑과 우정이 넘치는 이들이

자연과 더불어 평화롭게 살아가는 목자들의 유토피아로 묘사하면서, 이상향의 대명사가 되었다.

현재의 아르카디아 지방

Arkadia_idyll_Peloponnese

Ἀρκαδία (Arcadia/Arkadía) is a mountainous region in the central Peloponnese, Greece,

famed in mythology as the idyllic, pastoral home of the god Pan,

symbolizing unspoiled nature, simplicity, and rustic harmony in art and literature,

from ancient Greece through the Renaissance and beyond,

representing a perfect, natural paradise.​

Stemnitsa a traditional Arcadian Village, Peloponnese

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OWpU7QGZP7I

Ancient Arcadia in the center of the Peloponnese

Arcadia (/ɑːrˈkeɪdiə/; Greek: Ἀρκαδία, romanized: Arkadía) is a region in the central Peloponnese, Greece. It takes its name from the mythological character Arcas, and in Greek mythology it was the home of the gods Hermes and Pan.

In European Renaissance arts, Arcadia was celebrated as an unspoiled, harmonious wilderness; as such, it was referenced in popular culture.

The modern regional unit of the same name more or less overlaps with the historical region, but is slightly larger.

History

Ancient regions of the Peloponnese with cities

Megalopolis, Greece

Megalopoli (Greek: Μεγαλόπολη, romanized: Megalópolē) is a town in the southwestern part of the regional unit of Arcadia, southern Greece. It is located in the same site as ancient Megalopolis (Ancient Greek: Μεγαλόπολις, romanized: Megalópolis, lit. 'large/great city').

Megalopoli, Peloponnese, Greece.

Town and plain heavily air-polluted by lignite, surface mined and burned

in two powerstations southwards and westwards of the town. View south​

Arcadia was gradually linked in a loose confederation that included all the Arcadian towns and was named League of the Arcadians. In the 7th century BC, it successfully faced the threat of Sparta and the Arcadians managed to maintain their independence. They participated in the Persian Wars alongside other Greeks by sending forces to Thermopylae and Plataea. During the Peloponnesian War, Arcadia allied with Sparta and Corinth. In the following years, during the period of the hegemony of Thebes, the Theban general Epaminondas reinforced the Arcadian federation in order to rival neighboring Sparta. Then he founded Megalopolis, which became its new capital. Over the next centuries Arcadia weakened. It initially was subjugated by the Macedonians and later the Arcadians joined the Achaean League.

After the collapse of the Roman Empire in the west, Arcadia remained as part of the Greek-speaking Byzantine Empire. Arcadia remained a beautiful, secluded area, and its inhabitants became proverbial as herdsmen leading simple pastoral unsophisticated yet happy lives, to the point that Arcadia may refer to some imaginary idyllic paradise, immortalized by Virgil's Eclogues, and later by Jacopo Sannazaro in his pastoral masterpiece, Arcadia (1504); see also Arcadia (utopia)

After the Fourth Crusade, the area became a part of the Principality of Achaea, but was progressively recovered by the Byzantine Greeks of the Despotate of the Morea from the 1260s on, a process that was completed in 1320. The region fell into the hands of the Ottoman Turks along with the rest of the Despotate in 1460. With the exception of a period of Venetian rule in 1687–1715, the region remained under Turkish control until 1821.

Arcadia was one of the centres of the Greek War of Independence which saw victories in their battles including one in Tripoli. After a victorious revolutionary war, Arcadia was finally incorporated into the newly created Greek state. Arcadia saw economic growth and small emigration.

In the 20th century, Arcadia experienced extensive population loss through emigration, mostly to the Americas. Many Arcadian villages lost half their inhabitants, and fears arose that they would turn into ghost towns. Arcadia now has a smaller population than Corinthia. Demographers expected that its population would halve between 1951 and the early 21st century. The population has fallen to 87,000 in 2011.

Arcadians

Karst Landscape near the community Vlacherna (Arcadia)

The Arcadians were an ancient Greek tribe which was situated in the mountainous Peloponnese. It was considered one of the oldest Greek tribes in Greece, part of or a relative tribe of the aboriginal inhabitants of Greece (called Pelasgians by ancient Greek authors), as described by Herodotus and in ancient myths such as those of Arcas and Lycaon.

Arcadia is also one of the regions described in the "Catalogue of Ships" in the Iliad; its troops were led by Agapenor. Agamemnon himself gave Agapenor the ships for the Trojan War because Arcadia did not have its own.

Mount Lykaion

A view from the summit of Mt. Lykaion, Arkadia, Greece,

looking east toward the lower site of the sanctuary of Zeus, including the stoa and hippodrome.

Towns

The Arcadians founded numerous towns. Of these the strongest were the cities which controlled the few fertile valleys; Mantinea, Tegea and Orchomenos. The remaining towns were more mountainous or had smaller plains. Some of these were Nostia,[4] Asea, Ypsounta, Teuthis, Heraea, Thyraion, Nestani, Alea, Lycosura, Trikolonon, Tropea, Caphyae, Pallantion, Petrosaca, Feneos, Phoezon, Leucasium, Mesoboa, Stymphalus, etc. From 370 BC the capital of Arcadia became Megalopolis.

Statues from the Lycosura sanctuary: Artemis, Demeter, veil of Despoina, Antyus, Tritoness.

J. Matthew Harrington, National Archaeological Museum of Athens, statues of the temple of Despoina at Lycosura​

Religion

Main article: Despoina § Cult of Despoina

Arcadia was the location of the cult of Despoina, also known as the Arcadian mysteries.

Despoina means "the mistress", but was only a title given to the goddess, and was not her real name, which was told only to those initiated in the mysteries. Despoina, along with Demeter, was the primary deity worshipped in Arcadia, and was particularly worshipped at a sanctuary at Lycosura.

The Arcadians had their own unique myths, which were mainly centered around Despoina and Demeter.

Another important god in Arcadia was Anytos, who was said to be a Titan who raised Despoina.

Stemnitsa (Αρκαδίας) Greece

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-w3IfOU2D6g