영어 문법_관계 대명사 (Relative Pronoun)

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     제 10 장  관계 대명사 (Relative Pronoun)
 
1.관계대명사 that

1)  관계대명사 주격(who, which), 목적격(whom, which) 대신 사용 가능
I know a boy that (= who) came here.
            This is the boy that (= whom) I saw there.
            This is the letter that (= which) arrived yesterday.
            This is the cat that (= which) I like.

2) 선행사가 ‘사람 + 동물’ , ‘사람 + 사물’ 일때 사용
Look at the boy and his dog that are running in the park.

3) 선행사가 최상급, 서수, all, every, any, no, the, only, the same 등이 있을 때
She is the first girl that came here.
She is the only girl the can dance.
He is the tallest boy that I have ever seen.
This is all that she has.

2.관계대명사 what

    관계대명사 what은 선행사를 포함하기 때문에 바로 앞에 선행사가 없는 것이 특징이다.
    선행사를 수식하지 않으므로 다른 관계대명사처럼 형용사절이 될 수 없으며, 명사절로서 주어, 목적어
보어가 될수 있다. 해석은 ‘ ~하는 것 “ 으로 한다.

This is the thing. + I like the thing very much.
-> This is the thing that I like very much.
-> This is ___________________ I like very much.

What she bought is a car. (명사절, 주어)
This is what I want to buy. (명사절, 보어)
I like what is true. (명사절, 목적어)

3.관계 대명사의 두가지 용법
     
제한적 용법 : 관계대명사 앞에 comma(,)가 없다. 관사절이 선행사를 꾸며준다.
관계사절은 선행사가 어떤 종류의 사람 또는 사물을 의미하는가를 말해준다.
2) 계속적 용법 : 관계대명사 앞에 comma(,)가 있다. 관계사절은 선행사에 대해 부가적인 설명을 덧붙이는 것이지 선행사가 어떤 종류의 사함 또는 사물을 의미하는가에 대해 말해 주지는 않는다. 그것은 이미 알고 있기 때문에.
We stayed at the hotel that Ann recommended to us.(제한적 용법)
We stayed at the Grand hotel, which Ann recommended to us. (계속적 용법)
The woman who lives next door is a doctor. (제한적 용법)
My brother Jim, who lives in London, is a doctor. (계속적 용법)
3) 계속적 용법으로 선행사가 사람이면 who, 사물이면 which만 쓰지 that은 쓰지 않는다.
Do you know anyone who/that speaks French and Italian?
John, who (no ‘that’) speaks French and Italian, works as a tourist guide.
Barbara works for a company which/that makes washing machines.
Colin told me about his new job, which (no ‘that’) he’s enjoying very much.

◆ 확인문제

* 다음 (  ) 안에서 올바른 관계대명사를 모두 고르시오. 
1.I know a man (who, whose, that) speaks five languages. 2.The man (whom, which, that) I met today was very nice. 3.Is thes (what, that, which) you want to have? 4.I met Mr. Brown, (who, that) is our new teacher. 5.She is the prettiest girl (who, whom, that) I have ever seen. 6.(Who, That, What) she said made me angry. 
* 다음 두 문장의 뜻이 같도록 ______ 에 접속사 + 대명사를 쓰시오. 
7.I visited Mary, who gave me this book. -> I visited Mary, ________  ________ gave me this book. 8.We loved him then, whom she hates now. -> She loved him then, ________  __________ she hates now. 
* 다음 문장을 관계대명사를 없애고, 두 문장으로 나누시오. 
9. I know a boy that likes dogs.  10. The artists whom I know will come here. 

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