「D(ay)+day」, Decimal-day(D-day)

[세이지]

D - day : 「D(ay)+day」로 된 말.

※ H-Hour : [군사] 작전 개시 시간.

Decimal-day(D-day)


우리가 평상시에 자주 사용하는 D-day(디 데이)는 무슨 뜻일까??

D-day(디데이)의 D는 decimal의 약자다. decimal을 영어 사전에서 찾아보면 '십진법'이라고 나온다.

군사 용어로 하면 '작전 계획상의 공격 예정일'을 가리킨다. 즉 decimal은 공격 예정일을 전후해서 일어날 수 있는 여러 상황을 판단하거나, 공격예정일을 확정하고 그 날짜를 기준으로 준비할 때 쓰는 용어다.

공격 예정일을 전후로 해서 그 전은 마이너스(-), 그 후는 플러스(+)의 기호와 함께 D의 뒤에 숫자로 표시한다.

그러니까 공격 1일전은 D-1, 공격 3일 후는 D+3이 된다

그렇다면 D-day(디데이)라는 말이 최초로 쓰인 것은 언제일까?

바로 제2차 세계대전 때부터였다. 연합군 측에서 노르망디 상륙작전을 앞두고 날짜를 정해 놓은 뒤에 이것을 D-day(디데이)라고 했는데, 그 첫 D-day(디데이)는 1944년 6월 6일이었다.

현재는 D-day(디데이)라는 말이 군사 목적만이 아니라 일상생활 곳곳에서 널리 쓰인다. 대통령 선거나 월드컵, 올림픽, 수능시험, 하물며 데이트 날에도 D-day(디데이)라는 말을 붙이곤 한다.


노르망디 상륙 작전의 D-Day는 당초 1944년 6월 5일이었지만, 악천후로 인해 연합군 최고 사령관 드와이트 D. 아이젠하워는 다음날인 6월 6일로 작전을 연기했다. 이후 1944년 6월 6일은 일반적으로 D-Day라고 호칭되게 되었다.


이것이 일반적으로 널리 사용되어 이후의 군사 작전 계획 담당자는 작전 개시 날짜를 D-Day라고 호칭하는 것을 피하게 했다. 예를 들어, 더글러스 맥아더 지휘의 레이테 섬 침공 작전은 "A-Day"로 호칭되고, 오키나와 침공 작전은 "L-Day"라고 했다.



#D-day

D stands for "Day" -Los Angeles Times

(https://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-why-its-called-d-day-story.html)

The most widely acknowledged explanation for why that event is remembered as “D-Day” is a straightforward one.

The “D” stands for “day.” -Time

(https://time.com/5599811/d-day-meaning/)

The ‘D’ does not stand for ‘Deliverance’, ‘Doom’, ‘Debarkation’ or similar words.

In fact, it does not stand for anything. The ‘D’ is derived from the word ‘day’.

‘D-Day’ means the day on which a military operation begins. The term ‘D-Day’ is still used for military operations, but to the general public it is generally used to refer to the Allied landings in Normandy on 6 June 1944.

(https://theddaystory.com/discover/what-is-d-day/)

그렇다면 D-day 의 D를 십진법의 Decimal로 번역하는 건 잘못돼 보입니다







■ What is D-Day?


Landing craft and ships unload troops and supplies at Omaha Beach a few days after D-Day. (Photo: Conseil Régional de Basse-Normandie / US National Archives)

It was the largest invasion ever assembled, before or since, landed 156,000 Allied troops by sea and air on five beachheads in Normandy, France.

D-Day was the start of Allied operations which would ultimately liberate Western Europe, defeat Nazi Germany and end the Second World War.
We’ve compiled a list of frequently-asked questions about D-Day. We hope that you will visit The D-Day Story to find out more about it.





Why is the term ‘D-Day’ used?

Preparation

When a military operation is being planned, its actual date and time is not always known. The term ‘D-Day’ was therefore used to mean the date on which operations would begin, whatever date that was. The day before D-Day was known as ‘D-1’, while the day after D-Day was ‘D+1’, and so on. This meant that if the date changed all other dates in the plan did not have to be corrected. The armed forces also used the term ‘H-Hour’ for the start time.

What does the ‘D’ stand for?

The ‘D’ does not stand for ‘Deliverance’, ‘Doom’, ‘Debarkation’ or similar words. In fact, it does not stand for anything. The ‘D’ is derived from the word ‘day’. ‘D-Day’ means the day on which a military operation begins. The term ‘D-Day’ is still used for military operations, but to the general public it is generally used to refer to the Allied landings in Normandy on 6 June 1944.

Which Allied nations took part in the fighting?


Family history

The majority of troops who landed on the D-Day beaches were from the United Kingdom, Canada and the US. However, troops from many other countries participated in D-Day and the Battle of Normandy: Australia, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Greece, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway and Poland.

How many Allied troops were involved in D-Day?


D-Day & Battle of Normandy

On D-Day, the Allies landed around 156,000 troops in Normandy. 73,000 American (23,250 on Utah Beach, 34,250 on Omaha Beach, and 15,500 airborne troops), 83,115 British and Canadian (61,715 of them British) with 24,970 on Gold Beach, 21,400 on Juno Beach, 28,845 on Sword Beach, and 7,900 airborne troops.
By the end of 11 June 1944 (D+5) 326,547 troops, 54,186 vehicles and 104,428 tons of supplies had been landed on the beaches.

How many Allied aircraft were involved in D-Day?

On D-Day 11,590 Allied aircraft were available to support the landings. They flew 14,674 sorties and 127 were lost. The airborne landings on both flanks of the beaches involved 2,395 aircraft and 867 gliders of the RAF and USAAF.

How many Allied ships were involved in D-Day?

Operation Neptune, including D-Day, involved huge naval forces, including 6,939 vessels: 1,213 naval combat ships, 4,126 landing ships and landing craft, 736 ancillary craft and 864 merchant vessels.

What was Operation Overlord and when did it take place?

The armed forces use codenames to refer to military operations. Operation Overlord was the codename for the Allied invasion of north-west Europe. Operation Overlord began on 6 June 1944 (D-Day) and continued until Allied forces crossed the River Seine on 19 August 1944.

What was Operation Neptune and when did it take place?

The armed forces use codenames to refer to military operations. Operation Neptune was the assault phase of Operation Overlord and involved landing the troops on the Normandy beaches. It began on 6 June 1944 (D-Day) and ended on 30 June 1944. By then, the Allies had established a firm foothold in Normandy.

What was the Battle of Normandy and when did it take place?

The Battle of Normandy is the name given t o the fighting in Normandy from D-Day until the end of August 1944. The liberation of Paris on 25 August 1944 is sometimes used as the end point of the Battle of Normandy.

How many people were killed on D-Day and in the Battle of Normandy?

The number of people killed in the fighting is not known exactly. Accurate record keeping was very difficult under the circumstances. Books often give a figure of 2,500 Allied dead for D-Day. However, research by the US National D-Day Memorial Foundation has uncovered a more accurate figure of 4,414 Allied personnel killed on D-Day. These include 2,501 from the USA, 1,449 British dead, 391 Canadians and 73 from other Allied countries. Total German losses on D-Day (not just deaths, but also wounded and prisoners of war) are estimated as being between 4,000 and 9,000. Over 100,000 Allied and German troops were killed during the whole of the Battle of Normandy, as well as around 20,000 French civilians, many as a result of Allied bombing.