■ NEW PATTULLO BRIDGE (2019~2023)

[Mundy]

■  New Pattullo Bridge : 2019~2023

■ Pattullo Bridge : 1937년 11월 15일 개통(1,227m)

■ Pattullo Bridge

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Pattullo Bridge

49°12′27″N 122°53′41″W / 49.207575°N 122.894654°W

Four lanes of British Columbia Highway 1A/99A, pedestrians and bicycles

New Westminster ↔ Fraser River ↔ Surrey

TransLink

Design : Through arch bridge

Total length : 1227 m

Opened : November 15, 1937 (As of January 1, 2018, 80 years old)

The Pattullo Bridge is a through arch bridge that crosses the Fraser River and links the city of New Westminster to the city of Surrey in British Columbia. The bridge was named in honour of Thomas Dufferin Pattullo, the 22nd Premier of British Columbia. A key link between Surrey and the rest of Greater Vancouver, the Pattullo Bridge handles an average of 75,700 cars and 3840 trucks daily, or roughly 20 percent of vehicle traffic across the Fraser River as of 2013.^[1]

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1 History
• 2 About
  • 2.1 2009 Bridge fire
  • 2.2 Replacement
• 3 See also
• 4 References
• 5 External links

History[edit]

The first regular crossing of the Fraser River started in 1882, and was operated by a steam ferry named K de K, which transported residents and livestock from Brownsville to New Westminster.^[2] During the late 1890s, the need for a new bridge became apparent after the existing ferry was deemed insufficient to handle future traffic demands. The first bridge, a combined steel two deck road and rail span, started construction in 1902, with completion in 1904. The bridge was built with two decks, the upper deck handling vehicular traffic and the lower deck functioning as a railway bridge.^[3]

Again, growing traffic demands prompted the construction of a second bridge in 1936. The bridge was designed by supervising engineer Major W.G. Swan, and construction was tendered to the Dominion Bridge Company and Northern Construction & J.W. Stewart Ltd. The Pattullo Bridge was opened to traffic on November 15, 1937 by Premier "Duff" Pattullo, with a total cost of $4 million. The bridge was originally tolled at 25¢ per crossing, but was then removed in 1952.^[4] The old bridge, now known today as the New Westminster Rail Bridge was converted to rail use only, and highway traffic was moved to the Pattullo Bridge.^[5]

About[edit]

Location in Metro Vancouver

The Pattullo Bridge is 1,227 meters (4,026 ft) in total length, and consists of four lanes, with two in each direction. The bridge has no barrier of any sort in the centre, making it highly prone to head-on collisions, especially at excessive speed or in bad weather. In recent years, TransLink has closed the middle lanes to traffic from 10:00 p.m. to 5:00 a.m. in an effort to lower the high number of head-on collisions, and installed a series of plastic pillars to raise the visibility of the centre-lane divider. On January 2, 2006, four people were killed in a T-bone collision between two cars on the southern approach lane.

In response to the high number of crashes on the bridge, TransLink studied the idea of reducing the number of lanes on the bridge from four to three using a counterflow operation, similar to that used on the Lions' Gate Bridge, with the number of lanes varied depending on traffic flow and volume. However, traffic analysis showed that significant congestion would result in Surrey and New Westminster, and the idea was abandoned. TransLink also examined a number of options to install a centre-line barrier and, in concert, to ban truck traffic from the bridge because the barrier would further narrow the traffic lanes, but that too was proven impractical. A more controversial proposal is to install photo radar on the bridge to enforce the existing speed limit. Thus far, the provincial government has ruled out the idea of bringing back photo radar, which it eliminated province-wide in 2001.^[6]

Oversized commercial vehicles are prohibited from using the bridge, as mandated by the British Columbia Commercial Vehicle Safety and Enforcement agency.^[7]

2009 Bridge fire[edit]

Around 3 a.m. on January 18, 2009, a fire started on the south end of the bridge in the structure under the bridge deck. The 60-foot (18 m)-long wooden trestle on the south side of the bridge connecting the steel and concrete structure to the earthen berm sustained damage, and had to be completely rebuilt.^[8] Initially, it was estimated that the bridge would be closed for 4–6 weeks. However, by reusing a temporary bridge structure used on the Canada Line project, the bridge was reopened on Monday, January 26.^[9]

Replacement[edit]

On July 31, 2008, TransLink opted to replace the bridge, rather than try to refurbish the aging structure.^[10] In June 2014, the Metro Vancouver Mayors' Council determined that a new, 4-lane, tolled replacement bridge was to be built, and to demolish the existing structure.^[11] Construction is expected to take place between 2019 and 2023, with the $1.3 billion funding finalized in 2018.^[12][13]

Over the course of 2016, rehabilitation work commenced on bridge deck repairs to keep the bridge operational until a replacement is built. From May 2 to August 26, the bridge was reduced to one lane of traffic in each direction, with full bridge closures on selected days. The bridge reopened one month ahead of schedule, on August 29.^[14]

On June 14, 2017, B.C. Premier John Horgan announced that all tolls on both the Port Mann Bridge and Golden Ears Bridge would be removed on September 1, 2017. This has complicated the plans resulting in criticism whether they can fund the money to replace the bridge.

See also[edit]

• List of crossings of the Fraser River

References[edit]

1. Jump up ^ "Pattullo Bridge Perspective". City of New Westminster. 5 March 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
2. Jump up ^ "Brownsville Park and Sandbar". City of Surrey. 12 January 2004. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
3. Jump up ^ "From the opening of the Pattullo Bridge, 1937" (PDF). buzzer.translink.ca. Burnaby Village Museum. 28 January 2009. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
4. Jump up ^ "Pattullo Bridge turns 75". The Surrey Leader. 20 November 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
5. Jump up ^ "This day in history: November 15, 1937". The Vancouver Sun. 15 November 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
6. Jump up ^ "Photo radar proposed for Pattullo Bridge". CBC News. 19 May 2006. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
7. Jump up ^ "CVSE About Us". Government of British Columbia. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
8. Jump up ^ "Pattullo Bridge to close for a month after fire". CBC News. 19 January 2009. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
9. Jump up ^ "Pattullo Bridge to reopen Monday". CBC News. 25 January 2009. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
10. Jump up ^ "New tolled Pattullo Bridge gets green light". CBC News. 31 July 2008. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
11. Jump up ^ "2014 Mayors' Council Report on Regional Transportation" (PDF). TransLink. June 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
12. Jump up ^ "Pattullo Bridge Replacement Project: Community Connections" (PDF). TransLink. 13 June 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 
13. Jump up ^ McElroy, Justin (16 February 2018). "B.C. government to build replacement for Pattullo Bridge". CBC News. Retrieved 16 February 2018. 
14. Jump up ^ "Pattullo Bridge Rehabilitation". TransLink. 29 April 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016. 

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to  Pattullo Bridge

Bridges and tunnels in Metro Vancouver

Road bridges

• 204th Street OverpassAlex Fraser BridgeArthur Laing BridgeBurrard BridgeCambie BridgeCoast Meridian OverpassDeering Island BridgeDinsmore BridgeDollarton BridgeEleanor Ward BridgeGeorgia ViaductGolden Ears BridgeGranville Street BridgeIronworkers Memorial Second Narrows CrossingKnight Street BridgeLions Gate BridgeMoray BridgeNo. 2 Road BridgeOak Street BridgePattullo BridgePitt River BridgePort Mann BridgeQueensborough BridgeSea Island ConnectorWestham Island Bridge

Road-rail bridges

• Derwent Way Bridge

Rail bridges

• Annacis BridgeCNR BridgeMarpole BridgeNew Westminster BridgePitt River Swing BridgeSecond Narrows Bridge

Rapid transit

Bridges	Middle Arm BridgeNorth Arm BridgeSkybridge
Tunnels	Burquitlam TunnelCanada Line TunnelColumbia Station TunnelDunsmuir TunnelNew Westminster Tunnel

Pedestrian bridges

• Capilano Suspension BridgeLynn Canyon Suspension BridgePatricia Avenue BridgeNorth Arm Bridge

Road tunnels

• Cassiar TunnelGeorge Massey TunnelSkeena Street Tunnel

Rail tunnels

• B.C. Railway TunnelCNR TunnelLonsdale TunnelThornton Tunnel

[hide]

Crossings of the Fraser River

Upstream New Westminster Bridge

Pattullo Bridge

Downstream Skybridge

[show] v t e Landmarks in Greater Vancouver
Buildings	BC PlaceBeatty Street Drill HallBentall Centre (Bentall 5)BowMac signCanada PlaceCBC Regional Broadcast Centre VancouverCentral City TowerCentral Heat DistributionThe CoasterDominion BuildingEmpire Landmark HotelFormer Vancouver Public LibraryGulf of Georgia CanneryH. R. MacMillan Space CentreHarbour CentreHotel EuropeHotel GeorgiaHotel VancouverInternational Buddhist TempleLiving Shangri-LaMarine BuildingOne Wall CentreOrpheumPacific Central StationPacific ColiseumPark RoyalParq VancouverRogers ArenaRoyal CentreRoyal Vancouver Yacht ClubScience WorldSeaforth ArmouryShaw TowerSinclair CentreStanley TheatreSun TowerSylvia HotelVancouver Art GalleryVancouver City HallVancouver Public LibraryWaterfront Station
Bridges	Alex Fraser BridgeArthur Laing BridgeBurrard BridgeCambie BridgeCapilano Suspension BridgeGeorgia ViaductGolden Ears BridgeGranville Street BridgeIronworkers Memorial Second Narrows CrossingKnight Street BridgeLions Gate BridgeOak Street BridgePattullo BridgePitt River BridgePort Mann BridgeQueensborough BridgeSkybridge
Locations	Chinatown"The Drive"GastownGolden VillageGranville IslandKitsilano BeachMetrotownPunjabi MarketRobson SquareStanley Park / Vancouver Aquarium
Geographical	Burnaby MountainBurrard InletBurrard PeninsulaCypress MountainEnglish BayFalse CreekFraser RiverGolden EarsGrouse MountainIndian ArmThe LionsMount SeymourPoint GreyLittle Mountain
Category Portal WikiProject

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pattullo_Bridge&oldid=826056175"

Categories:

• Truss bridges in Canada
• Bridges in Greater Vancouver
• TransLink (British Columbia)
• Bridges over the Fraser River
• Bridges completed in 1937
• Buildings and structures in New Westminster
• Buildings and structures in Surrey, British Columbia
• Road bridges in British Columbia
• 
  

■ 기사 출처 : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattullo_Bridge

■ 시계 방향으로

New Westminster Bridge(New Westminster Rail Bridge(NSRW)/Fraser River Swing Bridge) : 1904년 개통

Pattullo Bridge : 1937년 11월 15일 개통

Skybridge(Trans Link) : 1990년 3월 16일 개통 - 대한민국 현대엔지니어링 시공

■ Vancouver Sunrise : 20180216 FRI(음력 1월1일) 설날

■  Happy Korean New Year 2018 (Year of Dog)

■ New PATTULLO BRIDGE 건설 발표 - John Horgan

■ 20180216 FRI PATTULLO BRIDGE(Surrey ↔ ]FRASER RIVER[ ↔ New Westminster) 재건설 발표

■ 공사기간 : 2009년 ~ 2023년  

■ 공사비 :  약14억$(1조2천억원) 예상?

■ Pattullo Bridge (1,227m)

(Opened : November 15, 1937)

개통된 지 81년째

머지않아

많이 달라지거나

다리가 사라지거나

주변 풍경이 바뀌거나

다시는 볼 수 없게 되거나

역사 속으로 영원히 사라지게 될

Pattullo Bridge와 주변 풍경

눈으로 많이 봐 두고

더 많은 사람들이 기록으로 남겨 후세에 전해 질수 있게 되기를 희망합니다.

Pattullo Bridge 보행로에서는 일출이나 일몰을 감상할 수 있으며

Westminster Pier Park 이나 Surrey의 Brownsville Bar Beach Park 에서는 주변의 아름다운 풍경을 볼 수 있습니다

이곳은 Fraser River 중심으로 New Westminster 와 Surrey 사이를 오가는 각기 다른 용도로 사용되는 3개의 다리가 병행하고 있습니다.

Pattullo Bridge : 1937년 11월 15일에 개통되어 여든한 살이 되었습니다.

2019년부터 2023년에 걸쳐 New Pattullo Bridge 완공되면 역사 속으로 영원히 사라지게 될 것입니다

New Westminster Bridge(New Westminster Rail Bridge(NSRW)/Fraser River Swing Bridge) : 1904년에 개통되어 114살이 되었습니다.

New Westminster Bridge는 최초 2층으로 건설되었으며 위로는 차량과 사람이 통행을 하였고 통행료 25센트를 받았던 다리라고 합니다.

아직까지도 New Westminster 쪽에는 그 당시 통행했던 도로의 끝부분이 남아 있습니다.

1937년 Pattullo Bridge 개통이후 New Westminster Rail Bridge(NSRW)로서의 역할만 수행하고 있다고 합니다.

Skybridge(Trans Link) : 1990년 3월 16일에 개통한 Skybridge(Trans Link)는 대한민국의 현대엔지니어링 이 건설한 다리입니다

Pattullo Bridge와는 달리 자동차를 운반하지 않지만 Trans Link(Sky Train)로 Surrey의 King George Station과 Vancouver의 Waterfront Station 사이를 여행하는 데 꼭 필요한 역할을 수행하고 있습니다.

양방향 트랙을 가지고 있으며 다리 중앙에는 또 하나의 트랙이 유지보수나 전동차 대기용으로 존재합니다.

Skybridge는 123m(404ft) 높이의 타워가 2개 있으며 Fraser River 수면으로부터 45m(148ft)상공에서 열차를 운행합니다. 주 스팬은 340m(1,120ft)이며, 전체 길이는 616m(2,021ft)로 세계에서 가장 긴 케이블 지원 운송 전용 다리가 됩니다.

B.C. government to build replacement for Pattullo Bridge

The province will also take over operations from TransLink as project is expected to be complete in 2023.

By Justin McElroy, CBC News 

Posted: Feb 16, 2018 9:33 AM PT

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2018 1:24 PM PT

Premier John Horgan announces the province will be building a replacement to the Pattullo Bridge in New Westminster, B.C., on Feb. 16, 2018. (Justin McElroy/CBC)

Justin McElroy

@j_mcelroy

Justin is a reporter for CBC Vancouver, covering political stories throughout British Columbia.

Related Stories

Pattullo Bridge: 5 things you may not have known

New report questions safety of Pattullo Bridge during severe wind and seismic events

B.C. government removes majority of board overseeing Port Mann Bridge

Pattullo, Millennium Line, Surrey LRT announcements could all be coming next month

10 big decisions the B.C. government will make in this legislative session

Cyclists cheer plans to replace aging Pattullo Bridge

B.C. government to make announcement on Pattullo Bridge

The B.C. government will build a new replacement for the Pattullo Bridge, with construction scheduled to begin in the summer of 2019 and completion slated for 2023.

Premier John Horgan made the announcement this morning on the new $1.3-billion bridge during a press conference at the foot of the Pattullo Bridge.

The bridge, which links Surrey and New Westminster, has been in operation since 1937, and has about 70,000 crossings daily.

Pattullo Bridge: 5 things you may not have known

But it is decades past its expected lifespan, no longer meets current wind or seismic load design standards and has only five years until it is no longer usable, according to multiple levels of government.

"It's long overdue to replace the Pattullo Bridge, so I'm happy to announce today that the province will be taking over the project, ensuring the Mayors' Council can focus on the 10-year plan," said Horgan.

"We've been able to reduce congestion on this bridge but we haven't been able to make it safer, we haven't be able to make it wider … this has to be replaced." 

An estimate by TransLink of what a 4-lane bridge, with dedicated room for cyclists and pedestrians on either side, could look like. (TransLink)

4 lanes, funded entirely by the province

The bridge will have four lanes of traffic for vehicles, a median in the middle, and separate dedicated lanes on either side for cyclists and pedestrians, according to the government.

There will be room in the design to expand to six lanes if necessary, but the province doesn't believe that will need to happen.

Cyclists cheer plans to replace aging Pattullo Bridge

"We don't believe based on traffic flows today … that it will be required in the long term," said Horgan, referencing the fact that traffic on the bridge has decreased since tolls were eliminated on the nearby Port Mann Bridge.

It will also be funded entirely by the provincial government, from a budgeted $14.6 billion capital infrastructure plan scheduled for the next three years.

Wide shot of entire span of the Pattullo Bridge, which has been in operation since 1937. (CBC)

Transferring ownership

The provincial government will be solely responsible for the design, building and financing of the bridge, and will have to dispose of the existing bridge, said Horgan.

TransLink, the owner and operator of the current bridge, previously had plans to undertake a replacement project while considering extensions to the Millennium Line and creation of light-rapid transit for Surrey.

After he was elected in December as chair of the Mayors' Council — which oversees TransLink — Burnaby Mayor Derek Corrigan expressed concern about TransLink pursuing all of the projects equally.

"They're looking at a very ambitious plan. And I think they were trying to proceed very quickly to accomplish everything in the plan. I think there will be a slow down," he said at the time.

Gordon Price, who was a Vancouver councillor when the Pattullo was transferred to TransLink in 1999, said the change in authority makes sense.

"Basically the region has said they would pay for a new Pattullo Bridge with a toll, but it's pretty clear the NDP isn't going to accept that. So as a consequence, they've created a fiscal hole that they can kind of fill by taking the bridge off TransLink's hands."

Rendering of what a Pattullo Bridge replacement could look like. (TransLink)

What projects come next?

It's unknown when funding will be finalized for the Millennium Line extension and light rapid transit in Surrey, but the Mayors' Council, which oversees TransLink, have said they're optimistic for an agreement in the coming months with the provincial and federal governments.

10 big decisions the B.C. government will make in this legislative session

B.C. government puts Massey Tunnel bridge on hold; independent review to take place

B.C. Liberal leader Andrew Wilkinson questioned why the provincial government couldn't get federal funding for the Pattullo Bridge replacement as well.

"Normally major infrastructure projects have a large component of federal financing. So we have to be concerned that B.C. rushed into this alone, and missed out on almost a half billion dollars of federal infrastructure funding," he said.

Ian Paton, B.C. Liberal MLA for Delta South, also criticized the government for prioritizing the Pattullo over the Massey Tunnel, which was going to be replaced by a new bridge under the Liberal government, but is now currently under review.

With files from Tanya Fletche

■ 기사 출처 : http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/pattullo-bridge-bc-announcement-1.4538939?utm_content=buffer39987&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer          

Pattullo Bridge to be replaced with province-owned $1.4 billion bridge

Rendering of the proposed replacement for Pattullo bridge.

Surrey Mayor Linda Hepner agreed, saying that the decision to go with four lanes came after “long and laborious” negotiations with New Westminster, which has concerns about increased traffic flow on its streets.

“I’m comfortable with where we settled, at least for the time being,” she said. “Given the mobility challenges of the future, we’ll take a look at what that holds. Right now I stand with the decision we made with our neighbours.”

Andy Yan, director of the City Program at Simon Fraser University, called the bridge a strategic investment on the part of the New Democrat government.

“Understand that with Surrey growing by 800 people per month in the last five years, it’s knowing that a pool of voters that are particularly engaged in this piece of infrastructure. It helped shape this funding,” he said.

Yan said the decision also makes good sense for Metro Vancouver’s regionally integrated economy.

“We’re not talking about these isolated suburbs anymore,” he said. “It’s not only just a connection between New Westminster and Surrey.”

B.C. Liberal Leader Andrew Wilkinson said the bridge replacement will be good for commuters in the Lower Mainland, but criticized the government’s decision to take on the entire cost of the project and questioned whether other projects would be cancelled.

“It’s important to note that the NDP have yet to introduce any of their expensive campaign promises,” Wilkinson said in a statement. “By haphazardly spending more than a billion dollars when they probably could have received some help from Ottawa shows another level of the incompetence of the Horgan government when it comes to B.C.’s relationship with Canada.”

Jonina Campbell, deputy leader of the B.C. Greens, called the upgrade “necessary and overdue,” but said the move raises questions about the government’s broader plans for transportation funding.

— With a file from The Canadian Press

jensaltman@postmedia.com

twitter.com/jensaltman

Factbox: No affect on TransLink budget

The province assuming the cost of the bridge project does not affect the region’s  $60-million to $70-million funding gap for Phase 2 of the mayors’ 10-year transportation plan. TransLink, the mayors and the province are still negotiating how that will be covered.

TransLink had intended to fund the Pattullo Bridge replacement with money from senior governments and by tolling to new bridge. The Horgan government cancelled tolls on existing bridges, so TransLink had been waiting for word on how the new bridge could be funded.

With the province taking over construction and ownership of the new bridge, it means the B.C. Transportation Ministry is responsible for all major crossings of the Fraser River, except the TransLink-owned Golden Ears Bridge and the smaller bridges connecting Vancouver to Richmond.

BC Government

• John Horgan
• Pattullo Bridge
• Vancouver Traffic Congestion

■ 기사 출처 : http://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/b-c-premier-set-to-make-major-pattullo-bridge-announcement

John Horgan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

For other people named John Horgan, see John Horgan (disambiguation).

The Honourable John Horgan MLA
36th Premier of British Columbia
Incumbent
Assumed office July 18, 2017
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Lieutenant Governor	Judith Guichon
Deputy	Carole James
Preceded by	Christy Clark
Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
In office May 4, 2014 – July 18, 2017
Preceded by	Adrian Dix
Succeeded by	Christy Clark
Leader of the BC New Democratic Party
Incumbent
Assumed office May 4, 2014
Preceded by	Adrian Dix
Member of the British Columbia Legislative Assembly for Malahat-Juan de Fuca
In office May 17, 2005 – May 12, 2009
Preceded by	Brian Kerr
Succeeded by	riding dissolved
Member of the British Columbia Legislative Assembly for Juan de Fuca
In office May 12, 2009 – May 9, 2017
Preceded by	riding established
Succeeded by	riding dissolved
Member of the British Columbia Legislative Assembly for Langford-Juan de Fuca
Incumbent
Assumed office May 9, 2017
Preceded by	riding established
Official Opposition House Leader
In office April 26, 2011 – March 18, 2014
Preceded by	Mike Farnworth
Succeeded by	Bruce Ralston
Opposition Energy Critic
In office April 26, 2011 – March 18, 2014
Preceded by	Doug Donaldson
Personal details
Born	(1959-08-07) August 7, 1959 (age 58) Victoria, BC, Canada
Nationality	Canadian
Political party	BC NDP
Spouse(s)	Ellie Horgan
Children	2
Occupation	Public servant, consultant

John Joseph Horgan (born August 7, 1959) is a Canadian politician serving as the 36th and current Premier of British Columbia since July 2017. He has been leader of the British Columbia New Democratic Party since 2014, and MLA for the constituency of Langford-Juan de Fuca and its predecessors since 2005.

He was born and raised in Victoria, British Columbia.^[1] In June 2006, he was appointed the Official Opposition Critic for the Ministry of Energy and Mines in New Democrat leader Carole James' shadow cabinet, having previously served as the Official Opposition Critic for the Ministry of Education. In January 2011, he announced his candidacy for leadership of the BC NDP in the 2011 leadership election, finishing third.

Following the leadership election, he was appointed the Official Opposition Critic for Energy, and Opposition House Leader.^[2] He was replaced by Bruce Ralston as Opposition House Leader following his entry into the 2014 leadership election.

On March 17, 2014, he announced his candidacy in the 2014 leadership election,^[3] with the slogan "Real Leadership. For All BC".^[4] During the campaign he has talked at length about the necessity of balancing the need for jobs and resource development, while protecting BC's natural environment.^[5] Horgan was acclaimed to the position on May 1, 2014 and was officially inaugurated as party leader on May 5, 2014.^[6]

In the 2017 provincial election held on May 9, 2017, Premier Christy Clark's Liberal government was reduced to 43 seats, one seat short of a majority. On May 29, 2017, it was announced that the NDP and Green Party of British Columbia had reached a confidence and supply agreement in which the Greens would support an NDP minority government.^[7] Clark recalled the legislature in the coming weeks to seek its confidence in a Liberal government. Following a non-confidence motion on June 29, 2017, which was won by the NDP–Green alliance (44–42), Lieutenant Governor Judith Guichon turned down Clark's request for a snap election, and invited the NDP to form a minority government, subsequently Horgan succeeded Clark as the 36th Premier of British Columbia. Horgan is the first NDP premier of the province since Ujjal Dosanjh left office in 2001.

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1 Career
• 2 38th Parliament
• 3 39th Parliament
• 4 40th Parliament and Opposition Leader
• 5 41st Parliament and Premier of British Columbia
• 6 Electoral results
• 7 References
• 8 External links

Career[edit]

Horgan was born in Victoria, British Columbia on August 7, 1959.^[8] Horgan's father died when he was 18 months old, leaving his mother to raise him along with his three siblings.^[9] He worked multiple jobs to save money for university, including at a pulp mill in Ocean Falls. He earned a Bachelor of Arts from Trent University (Ontario) in 1983 and married Ellie in 1984; the couple has two sons.

He waited tables at the Keg in Victoria before earning a his master's degree in history from the University of Sydney in 1986. Returning to Canada he went to Ottawa and worked as a legislative assistant to Jim Manly, and later to Lynn Hunter. Horgan returned to Victoria in 1991 and became Ministerial Assistant to Dave Zirnhelt. In 1993 he was named Analyst, Policy Coordination Branch, Ministry of Government Services, and in 1996, Director at the Cabinet Policy and Communications Secretariat, Ministry of Finance and Corporate Relations. His positions from 1991 through 1998 saw him assume increasing responsibilities within government, including lead negotiator on the Columbia Basin Trust and as a participant on teams for the Columbia River Treaty and Land Use Plans. In 1998 he worked as a Director in the Crown Corporations Secretariat before going on to work at Columbia Power as Director of Corporate Affairs, focusing on getting Keenleyside and Brilliant dams repowered. In 1999 he was appointed Chief of Staff in the Office of Premier Dan Miller. His last job in government was at the level of Associate Deputy Minister working in the Ministry of Finance on energy projects. Following the change of government in 2001, Horgan created a small business that focused on policy, management, research and government liaison work.^[10]

38th Parliament[edit]

As the 2005 provincial election was approaching, the 45 year old Horgan won NDP nomination, against Julie Thomas of Shawnigan Lake in the riding of Malahat-Juan de Fuca.^[11] The incumbent MLA Brian Kerr was not seeking re-election, so in the general election Horgan faced BC Liberal Cathy Basskin of Cowichan Bay, Democratic Reform BC party leader Tom Morino, Green Party candidate Steven Hurdle, and Western Canada Concept candidate Pattie O'Brien. Though Horgan won his riding, the NDP under Carole James's leadership formed the official opposition to the BC Liberals who formed an absolute majority government. Horgan was named opposition critic to the Minister of Education Shirley Bond. Horgan criticized the government's 2005 Teachers' Collective Agreement Act which legislated a new contract onto teachers, after several months of unsuccessful collective bargaining, as " [inflaming] an already volatile situation".^[12] In June 2006, Horgan was moved over to critic to the Minister of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resource, Richard Neufeld. Horgan called for the Oil and Gas Commission to provide more transparent reporting after it was claimed its annual 97% compliance rating was near-perfect, despite 2,500 known infractions, the majority of which were rated major or serious.^[13] Following a sudden sharp increase in gasoline prices in early 2007 Horgan introduced the Retail Petroleum Consumer Protection Act as a private member bill which, if passed, would have put gasoline prices under the jurisdiction of the B.C. Utilities Commission, same as electricity and natural gas.^[14] The bill was supported by an 18,000-signature petition^[15] and elicited editorial responses from Minister Neufeld and Christy Clark.^[16][17]

In January 2007 Horgan accused Premier Gordon Campbell of conflict-of-interest, due to owning shares of Alcan while signing an order-in-council approving an agreement between Alcan and BC Hydro which was subsequently overturned by the Utilities Commission as being not in the public interest.^[18] The Ethic Commissioner cleared Campbell of wrongdoing but made a recommendation that cabinet ministers and other senior officials place their assets in blind trusts.^[19] Horgan subsequently introduced this recommendation as the private member bill Members' Conflict of Interest Amendment Act in the third and fourth sessions and, similar but more comprehensive bill, in line with the Federal Accountability Act, but they were not advanced beyond first reading.^[20]

In Fall 2008, Horgan was diagnosed with bladder cancer and underwent treatment surgery to remove it. Following a legislative amendment that immediate increased MLA salaries by 29%, Horgan, along with all other NDP MLAs, donated the increase to charities in his riding such as hospices and food banks, for the remainder of the 38th Parliament.^[21][22][23]

39th Parliament[edit]

Horgan was acclaimed as the NDP candidate for the 2009 election in the Juan de Fuca riding. He easily defeated Colwood mayor Jody Twa of the BC Liberals and Metchosin farmer James Powell of the Green Party. In the 39th Parliament the NDP again formed the official opposition to the BC Liberals who formed their third consecutive absolute majority government. Party leader Carole James kept Horgan as energy and mines critic. Horgan was critical of the government over-turning the BC Utilities Commission's decision on obtaining electricity from independent power producers^[24] and exempting the Site C dam and the northwest transmission line projects from Utilities Commission review, arguing that the projects were not in the public interest.^[25] Horgan linked the government's imposition of private IPP electricity purchasing agreements on BC Hydro and the exemption of BC Utilities Commission review of major public projects (including the smart meter implementation program)^[26] to increases in BC Hydro rates.^[27][28] Horgan responded to the government's energy plan with an editorial^[29][30] to which Minister Blair Lekstrom responded.^[31][32] He presented to the legislature a declaration of opposition to the Site C, as signed by Peace River area residents and First Nations.^[33]

During criticism of party leader Carole James, Horgan remained loyal.^[34] Following her resignation, the 51 year old Horgan put himself forward for the leadership position. Policy platforms he campaigned on included a comprehensive review of laxatives under a Fair Tax Commission,^[35] expanding the carbon tax to include the exempted large industrial emitters,^[36] getting the Evergreen Line and light rail to the Western Communities built, implementing the recommendations of the Select Standing Committee on Aquaculture, continuing the ban on North Coast tanker traffic and offshore oil exploration, and introducing an Endangered Species Act.^[37] He was endorsed by Robin Austin, Gary Coons, Kathy Corrigan, Scott Fraser, Maurine Karagianis, Bill Routley, Shane Simpson, and Claire Trevena, as well as Harry Lali^[38] and Nicholas Simons^[39] after they dropped out of the race. Opinion polling placed Horgan in third behind Adrian Dix and Mike Farnworth, but seen as a suitable compromise candidate between the party's preferred stronger candidate of Dix and the more likable Farnworth.^[40][41][42] Dix went on to win and assigned Horgan back to the role of critic for the Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources which Doug Donaldson had overseen during the leadership election, as well as adding house leader to his duties.^[43]

40th Parliament and Opposition Leader[edit]

In the 2013 election Horgan again won the Juan de Fuca riding, this time against BC Liberal candidate and Sooke councillor Kerrie Reay and Green Party candidate Carlos Serra. On the local level, his campaign focused on transportation issues^[44] and regional growth^[45] while on the provincial campaign he promised a comprehensive review of BC Hydro, in particular its debt load, commitments to independent power producers, and future infrastructure requirements,^[46] and advocated a market-driven approach to creating a liquefied natural gas industry, in contrast to the BC Liberal approach, at the time, of presenting expressions of interest as committed future revenue.^[47] The NDP were favoured to win the general election but, while Horgan won his riding, the party again formed the official opposition with Horgan returning to his role as critic for the energy portfolio in the 40th Parliament. Shortly after the election, Horgan and Minister of Energy and Mines Bill Bennett exchanged op-eds regarding new BC Hydro rate increases and cost overruns in the Northwest Transmission line project.^[48][49]

"I've been shaped by the people I've met along the way. I've had great role models and I've had great mentors and a little bit of good luck. Now as a leader in a political movement I want to pay that forward." –John Horgan^[50]

In September 2013, Dix announced his resignation as NDP leader and both Horgan and Farnsworth were immediately considered front-runners to replace him. A month later Horgan stated his intention not to run and encouraged the younger NDP MLAs, such as David Eby, Spencer Chandra Herbert and Rob Fleming, to enter the leadership race.^[51] However, by January 2014 only Mike Farnworth announced an intention to run.^[52] With Farnworth formally declaring his candidacy in early March 2014,^[53] Horgan was urged to re-considered. The 54-year old Horgan announced his candidacy on March 17 backed by Carole James, Maurine Karagianis and Bill Routley.^[54] David Eby and Michelle Mungall endorsed him and co-chaired his campaign^[55] and within a week 15 MLAs endorsed him.^[56] In early April, with Horgan receiving further endorsements from Dawn Black, Joe Trasolini and Fin Donnelly – all figures from Farnworth's Tri-Cities-area,^[57] Farnworth withdrew from the leadership race, leaving Horgan the sole candidate.^[58] After the deadline for nominations passed on May 1, Horgan was acclaimed leader of the BC NDP. He appointed Farnsworth as opposition house leader, with Mungall as his deputy and critic of social development,^[59] and split his old position of critic position into three parts divided between Norm Macdonald as critic of energy and mines, Bruce Ralston on natural gas, Dix on BC Hydro, as well as charging the younger MLAs with significant portfolios, like Rob Fleming with education, Spencer Chandra Herbert with environment, and David Eby with eight specific critic responsibilities.^[60]

Just prior to becoming leader, the parliament's second session, Horgan introduced two private member bills, the Standing Committee Reform Act, 2014 (Bill M-203) that would have expanded the scope of their terms of reference and required they be appointed at the beginning of each parliament with membership in proportion to party standings, and the Parliamentary Calendar Act, 2014 (Bill M-204) that would have legislated that the parliament must convene in the Spring and Fall of each year. After he became leader, these two bills were re-introduced by NDP critic on democratic reform Gary Holman in the fourth session (2015). As leader, Horgan introduced three bills, all in the fifth session: the Hydro Affordability Act, 2016 (Bill M-206) that would allow the Utilities Commission to require a utility to offer a 'lifeline rate' to low-income households, the Speculator Tracking and Housing Affordability Fund Act, 2016 (Bill M-209) that would have allowed participating jurisdictions that levy a 2% property tax on residential properties held vacant for use in affordable housing initiatives, and Campaign Finance Reform Act, 2016 (Bill M-213) that would ban corporations and unions from making financial political contributions and require the chief electoral officer review and provide recommendations regarding the financing of the political process. In the sixth session Horgan introduced the Get Big Money Out of Politics Act, 2017 which would ban union and corporate donations to political campaigns, prohibit political contributions from foreigners, and prohibit the Premier and ministers from receiving second salaries.^[61]

41st Parliament and Premier of British Columbia[edit]

The 2017 election resulted in a hung parliament, with the NDP winning 41 seats to the Liberals' 43. The balance of power rested with the BC Greens, who won three seats.

On May 29, Horgan and Greens leader Andrew Weaver announced that the Greens would provide confidence and supply to an NDP minority government. Both parties' caucuses endorsed the agreement the next day.^[62] The NDP–Green alliance commanded 44 seats, a bare majority. In response, Clark announced that she would seek the confidence of the newly elected Legislative Assembly to stay on as premier, while conceding she would likely lose a confidence vote.^[63]

The new Legislative Assembly convened on June 22.^[64] On June 28, Horgan introduced a no-confidence motion as an amendment to the Speech from the Throne. The amendment passed the next day by a margin of 44–42, bringing Clark's government down–the first time that a Government of British Columbia has been defeated in the Legislative Assembly.^[65] Clark then resigned, and advised Lieutenant-Governor Judith Guichon to dissolve the Legislative Assembly and call fresh elections. Guichon refused, and instead invited Horgan to form a government,^[66] which took office on July 18.^[67]

Electoral results[edit]

[hide] v t e British Columbia general election, 2017: Langford-Juan de Fuca
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	New Democratic	John Horgan	12,144	52.78
	Liberal	Cathy Noel	6,062	26.35
	Green	Brendan Ralfs	4,341	18.87
	Libertarian	Scott Burton	238	1.03
	Vancouver Island Party	Willie Nelson	222	0.96
Total valid votes			23,007	100.00
Source: Elections BC[68]

[hide] v t e British Columbia general election, 2013: Juan de Fuca
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	Expenditures
	New Democratic	John Horgan	12,338	53.32	$97,977
	Liberal	Kerrie Reay	7,120	30.77	$20,367
	Green	Carlos Serra	3,682	15.91	$812
Total valid votes			23,140	100%
Total rejected ballots			91	0.39%
Turnout			23,231	58.07%

[hide] v t e British Columbia general election, 2009: Juan de Fuca
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	Expenditures
	New Democratic	John Horgan	11,520	57.21	$73,822
	Liberal	Jody Twa	6,866	34.10	$149,286
	Green	James Powell	1,749	8.69	$1,635
Total valid votes			20,135	100
Total rejected ballots			107	0.53
Turnout			20,242	59.87

[hide] v t e British Columbia general election, 2005: Malahat-Juan de Fuca
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	Expenditures
	New Democratic	John Horgan	12,460	46.09	$42,953
	Liberal	Cathy Basskin	10,528	38.94	$24,538
	Green	Steven Hurdle	2,610	9.65	$1,488
	Democratic Reform	Tom Morino	1,256	4.65	$2,775
	Western Canada Concept	Pattie O'Brien	180	0.67	$100
Total valid votes			27,034	100
Total rejected ballots			128	0.47
Turnout			27,162	69.57

References[edit]

1. Jump up ^ "Juan de Fuca candidates and riding profile". Victoria Times-Colonist, April 30, 2013.
2. Jump up ^ "Dix announces BC NDP shadow cabinet". The Tyee, April 26, 2011.
3. Jump up ^ "John Horgan enters B.C. NDP leadership race with support of former leader". The Globe and Mail. March 17, 2014. Retrieved March 18, 2014. 
4. Jump up ^ http://www.teamhorgan.ca Archived March 29, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.
5. Jump up ^ "NDP's Farnworth abandons leadership run to back Horgan". Vancouver Sun, April 8, 2014.
6. Jump up ^ "John Horgan acclaimed new leader of B.C. NDP". CBC News. May 3, 2014. Retrieved May 3, 2014. 
7. Jump up ^ "B.C. Green Party agrees to support NDP in the legislature". CBC News, May 29, 2017.
8. Jump up ^ "Two Leaders, Two Bios". May 25, 2014. Retrieved April 14, 2017. 
9. Jump up ^ "John Horgan « A proven champion for people". BC NDP. Retrieved March 25, 2017. 
10. Jump up ^ "NDP leading campaign prep". Goldstream Gazette. Langford, British Columbia. October 6, 2004. p. 1. 
11. Jump up ^ Rud, Jeff; Kines, Lindsay (September 4, 2004). "NDPers pin hopes on Island for vote breakout". Times Colonist. Victoria, BC. p. A1. 
12. Jump up ^ Bailey, Ian; Keating, Jack (October 4, 2005). "Teachers contract legislated". The Province. Vancouver, BC. p. A3. 
13. Jump up ^ Pynn, Larry (November 17, 2006). "'No rules' feared in oilpatch: B.C. infractions report 'boggles' expert's mind". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. B1. 
14. Jump up ^ "Island MLA pushes regulation of gasoline prices". Times Colonist. Victoria, BC. February 23, 2007. p. A4. 
15. Jump up ^ "Local MLA John Horgan tabled a petition this week with 18,000 signatures calling for the B.C. government to protect consumers from gas-price gouging". Goldstream Gazette. Langford, BC. June 1, 2007. p. 9. 
16. Jump up ^ Clark, Christy (April 29, 2007). "Pushing for cheaper gas and higher electricity prices makes little sense". The Province. Vancouver, BC. p. A22. 
17. Jump up ^ Horgan, John (May 2, 2007). "MLA John Horgan responds". The Province. Vancouver, BC. p. A21. 
18. Jump up ^ Brethour, Patrick; Hoffman, Andy (January 26, 2007). "B.C. Premier accused of conflict over Alcan". The Globe and Mail. p. A10. 
19. Jump up ^ Sutherland, Scott (February 7, 2007). "Campbell cleared of conflict over Alcan". The Globe and Mail. p. S1. 
20. Jump up ^ "Horgan wants conflict legislation changed". Goldstream Gazette. Langford, BC. May 4, 2007. p. 1. 
21. Jump up ^ "Horgan in for the karma not the cash". The Sooke Mirror. Sooke, BC. May 23, 2007. p. 10. 
22. Jump up ^ Thompson, Michelle (May 14, 2008). "MLAs keep word to donate raises". Cowichan News Leader. Duncan, BC. p. 2. 
23. Jump up ^ Siefken, Krista (January 27, 2009). "Valley MLAs donate almost $30,000 from salary increase". Cowichan News Leader Pictorial. Duncan, BC. 
24. Jump up ^ Matas, Robert (August 27, 2009). "Overruling utilities regulator puts Campbell in tricky spot". The Globe and Mail. p. S3. 
25. Jump up ^ Hunter, Justine (April 29, 2010). "B.C. sidelines energy regulator". The Globe and Mail. p. A8. 
26. Jump up ^ Shaw, Rob (March 12, 2013). "30,000 sign petition against smart meters". Times Colonist. Victoria, BC. p. A4. 
27. Jump up ^ Simpson, Scott (June 2, 2010). "NDP calls for a rethink on Clean Energy Act; Hydro rates will climb as a result of Liberal policy, critics claim". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. C10. 
28. Jump up ^ Horgan, John (December 16, 2011). "Restore oversight". The Province. Vancouver, BC. p. A17. 
29. Jump up ^ Horgan, John (February 10, 2010). "Artificial panic over power". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. A22. 
30. Jump up ^ Horgan, John (March 27, 2010). "B.C.'s energy plan must put the public interest first". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. C5. 
31. Jump up ^ Lekstrom, Blair (February 17, 2010). "Energy minister's commitment". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. A18. 
32. Jump up ^ Lekstrom, Blair (April 7, 2010). "The Liberal government has a vision, the Opposition doesn't". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. A11. 
33. Jump up ^ Lux, Ryan (February 18, 2011). "Birch bark document presented to legislature". Alaska Highway News. Fort St. John, BC. p. A1. 
34. Jump up ^ Kines, Lindsay (November 20, 2010). "James draws 'line in the sand' on her leadership; 'Enough of this infighting,' declares NDP boss, vowing to decide on her future after weighing support today". Times Colonist. Victoria, BC. p. A1. 
35. Jump up ^ Morrow, Shayne (February 7, 2011). "Horgan aims for middle ground". Alberni Valley Times. Port Alberni, BC. p. 1. 
36. Jump up ^ Bailey, Ian (February 17, 2011). "Horgan changes tack on carbon tax". The Globe and Mail. p. S2. 
37. Jump up ^ Shaw, Rob (February 17, 2011). "Carbon tax should be expanded, Horgan says". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. A2. 
38. Jump up ^ Shaw, Rob (March 17, 2011). "Horgan gains Lali's support in NDP battle". Times Colonist. Victoria, BC. p. A4. 
39. Jump up ^ Bailey, Ian (April 8, 2011). "Exiting the NDP race, Simons backs Horgan". The Globe and Mail. p. S2. 
40. Jump up ^ Crawford, Tiffany (March 1, 2011). "B.C. residents prefer Mike Farnworth for NDP leader". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. A4. 
41. Jump up ^ Palmer, Vaughn (April 2, 2011). "Horgan's Heroes growing in numbers; He's still a long shot, but new supporters are discovering Juan de Fuca MLA each day". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. A3. 
42. Jump up ^ Ward, Doug (April 9, 2011). "Popularity, leadership styles come to the fore; Mike Farnworth and Adrian Dix have opposite approaches, with John Horgan somewhere in between". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. A4. 
43. Jump up ^ Bailey, Ian (April 27, 2011). "Dix's shadow cabinet includes all of the dissident 'Baker's Dozen'". The Globe and Mail. p. S3. 
44. Jump up ^ "Candidates speak out on issues". The Sooke Mirror. Sooke, BC. May 8, 2013. p. 1. 
45. Jump up ^ Watts, Richard (May 15, 2013). "Island Ridings - Juan De Fuca: Horgan gets a decisive win in diverse western riding". Times Colonist. Victoria, BC. p. B4. 
46. Jump up ^ Bitonti, Daniel (May 11, 2013). "Horgan says land use key to Vancouver Island". The Globe and Mail. p. S4. 
47. Jump up ^ Simpson, Scott (April 11, 2013). "Four more LNG projects proposed for B.C.; Companies including ExxonMobil and Nexen express interest; NDP urges caution". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. A1. 
48. Jump up ^ Kines, Lindsay (July 5, 2013). "Get ready for a jolt on your hydro bills; Higher rates needed to pay for upgrading, energy minister says". Times Colonist. Victoria, BC. p. A1. 
49. Jump up ^ Bennett, Bill (July 15, 2013). "Response to horgan". Daily Bulletin. Kimberley, BC. p. 7. 
50. Jump up ^ https://www.bcndp.ca/about-john
51. Jump up ^ Raits, Pirjo (December 11, 2013). "A chat with JdF MLA John Horgan". The Sooke Mirror. Sooke, BC. p. 1. 
52. Jump up ^ Meissner, Dirk (December 24, 2013). "NDP leader race to heat up in 2014". The Globe and Mail. p. S2. 
53. Jump up ^ "MLA Farnworth first to enter NDP race. Hume, Mark". The Globe and Mail. March 3, 2014. p. S1. 
54. Jump up ^ Bailey, Ian (March 18, 2014). "John Horgan enters leadership race with support of former NDP leader". The Globe and Mail. p. S1. 
55. Jump up ^ Bailey, Ian (March 19, 2014). "Horgan rallies support for campaign". The Globe and Mail. p. S2. 
56. Jump up ^ Austin, Ian (March 24, 2014). "15 NDP MLAs back Horgan but won't discuss Kwan". The Province. Vancouver, BC. p. A3. 
57. Jump up ^ "Trio of Tri-City NDPers back Horgan, not Farnworth, for leader". The Tri City News. Coquitlam, BC. April 4, 2014. p. 1. 
58. Jump up ^ Hunter, Justine (April 9, 2014). "NDP's Horgan sole candidate for leadership as Farnworth drops out". The Globe and Mail. p. S1. 
59. Jump up ^ "Port Coquitlam MLA gets opposition house leader post". The Tri City News. Coquitlam, BC. June 24, 2014. p. 1. 
60. Jump up ^ Palmer, Vaughn (July 24, 2014). "The Opposition prepares to join legislative fray; Portfolio shuffle". The Vancouver Sun. Vancouver, BC. p. B6. 
61. Jump up ^ Kines, Lindsay (February 17, 2017). "Sixth time the charm for B.C. NDP ad bill?". Times - Colonist. Victoria, BC. p. A6. 
62. Jump up ^ Zussman, Richard (May 30, 2017). "NDP-Green alliance to focus on electoral reform, stopping Kinder Morgan and banning big money". CBC News. Retrieved May 30, 2017. 
63. Jump up ^ McElroy, Justin (May 30, 2017). "Christy Clark to stay on as B.C. premier — for now". CBC News. Retrieved May 30, 2017. 
64. Jump up ^ McElroy, Justin. "Timeline: the B.C. Election that took 52 days". CBC News. Retrieved June 30, 2017. 
65. Jump up ^ McElroy, Justin (June 29, 2017). "B.C. Liberal government loses confidence vote 44–42, sparking either NDP government or election". CBC News. Retrieved November 2, 2017. 
66. Jump up ^ Keller, James; Hunter, Justine; Hager, Mike. "B.C. NDP to take power following confidence vote, ending 16 years of Liberal rule". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 30 June 2017. 
67. Jump up ^ McElroy, Justin (June 29, 2017). "B.C.'s new NDP government sworn into office". CBC News. Retrieved November 2, 2017. 
68. Jump up ^ "2017 Provincial General Election Preliminary Voting Results". Elections BC. Retrieved 11 May 2017. 

External links[edit]

• John Horgan NDP Caucus page
• John Horgan MLA
• Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
• John Horgan's Web Page for the 2014 BC NDP Leadership Campaign

Order of precedence
Preceded by Judith Guichon as Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia	Order of precedence in British Columbia as of 2017[update]	Succeeded by Robert J. Bauman as Chief Justice of British Columbia

[show] v t e Premiers of British Columbia
McCreight De Cosmos Walkem Elliott Walkem Beaven Smithe A. E. B. Davie Robson T. E. Davie Turner Semlin Martin Dunsmuir Prior McBride Bowser Brewster Oliver MacLean Tolmie Pattullo Hart Johnson W. A. C. Bennett Barrett B. Bennett Vander Zalm Johnston Harcourt G. Clark Miller Dosanjh Campbell C. Clark Horgan

[show] v t e First Ministers of Canada
Federal	Prime Minister: Justin Trudeau (Liberal)
Provincial	AB: Rachel Notley (NDP) BC: John Horgan (NDP) MB: Brian Pallister (Progressive Conservative) NB: Brian Gallant (Liberal) NL: Dwight Ball (Liberal) NS: Stephen McNeil (Liberal) ON: Kathleen Wynne (Liberal) PE: Wade MacLauchlan (Liberal) QC: Philippe Couillard (Liberal) SK: Scott Moe (Saskatchewan)
Territorial	NT: Bob McLeod NU: Paul Quassa YT: Sandy Silver (Liberal)

[show] v t e Current members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
New Democratic	Horgan Bains Beare Begg Brar Chandra Herbert Chen Chouhan Chow Conroy D'Eith Darcy Dean Dix Donaldson Eby Elmore Farnworth Fleming Fraser Glumac Heyman James Kahlon Kang Krog Leonard Ma Mark Mungall Popham Ralston Rice Robinson Routledge Routley Simons Simpson Sims Singh Trevena
Liberal	Wilkinson Ashton Barnett Bernier Bond Cadieux Clovechok Coleman Davies de Jong Foster Gibson Hunt Isaacs Johal Kyllo Larson Lee Letnick Martin Milobar Morris Oakes Paton Polak Redies Reid Ross Rustad Shypitka Stewart Stilwell Stone Sturdy Sullivan Sultan Tegart Thomson Thornthwaite Throness Wat Yap
Green	Weaver Furstenau Olsen
Independent	Plecas

[show] v t e Cabinet of Premier of British Columbia John Horgan (2017–present)
John Horgan Harry Bains Lisa Beare Katrina Chen George Chow Katrine Conroy Judy Darcy Adrian Dix Doug Donaldson David Eby Mike Farnworth Rob Fleming Scott Fraser George Heyman Carole James Melanie Mark Michelle Mungall Lana Popham Bruce Ralston Selina Robinson Shane Simpson Jinny Sims Claire Trevena

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Horgan&oldid=824543452"

Categories:

• Living people
• Premiers of British Columbia
• British Columbia New Democratic Party MLAs
• Cancer survivors
• 21st-century Canadian politicians
• Leaders of the British Columbia CCF/NDP
• Politicians from Victoria, British Columbia
• Trent University alumni
• University of Sydney alumni
• 1959 births
  

■ 기사 출처 : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Horgan

■ 희망의 소리, 봄이 오는 노래

http://www.vkhc.com/xe/FreeBoard/339281

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/DPkZ/1135

http://www.vanchosun.com/community/main/frame.php?main=1&boardId=3&bdId=36274&cpage1=1&sitemode=&viewtype=&search_keywordtype=&search_type=&search_title=&search_terms=&search_sort=

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/DPkZ/1141

■ MUNDY PARK CAFE 특별기획 2018

[2018-01] 1월 1일(MON) : Elfin Lakes(Squamish, BC) 새해맞이 시산제 산행

* 2018년 5월 5일(토) 06:30

Artist Point(Table Mountain,Mt.Baker & Mt.Shuksan 전망대)around 눈산행

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/F2lJ/150

* 2018년 8월 17일(금) 07:00

Brandywine Meadows 사진 촬영을 겸한 걷기 모임

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/F8HK/144

* 2019년 1월 1일(화) 06:00

새해맞이 Elfin Lakes 시산제 산행

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/F2lJ/160

■ Photo & Hiking 일정 확인 및 모임

[사진 촬영 및 산행]을 일기(日氣)에 따라 수시로 실시합니다

[사진, 여행, 산행]에 관심이 있는 많은 분들의 동참을 기대합니다

☞ 그룹단위 신청을 환영합니다

☞ 일정과 장소는 상황에 따라 변동 될 수도 있습니다

☞ 행사에 합류하면 공동안전(共同安全)을 위하여 개인행동을 일절 금합니다

■ 모임 안내 : 德山(604-619-8368)

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/Eza7/78 

밴조선 커뮤니티 아웃도어

■ 生活 사진

'생활 寫眞은 일상의 사소한 발견'입니다

삼라만상(森羅萬象)은 곧 사진의 훌륭한 소재라고 생각합니다

늘 가지고 다니는 휴대전화나 손안에 쏙 들어가는 똑따기 사진기만으로도 누구나 크게 공감하고 많이 동감하는 이야기를 만들 수가 있을 것이라 믿습니다

더없는 사랑과 꾸밈없는 정성으로 人時空을 담아내어 소중한 추억으로 오래토록 간직하게 되기를 희망합니다

'사진은 빛의 예술이자 역사의 기록이다'

생활사진에 대하여 이렇게 거창한 말까지 앞세울 필요는 전혀 없을 것 같습니다

진심과 진정을 바탕으로 있는 대로 보고 보이는 대로 찍으면 됩니다

현실에 있는 대로의 진실을 보고 보이는 대로 최선을 다해 담아내면 그것이 곧 예술이자 역사가 될 것입니다

언제 어디에서 누구와 함께 하더라도 좋을것입니다

보다 많은 사진인구의 저변 확대를 기대합니다

가족의 건강과 가정의 행복을 축원합니다

오로지 건강하세요

늘 고맙습니다

20121212(陰10.29) WED 

Mundy Sung

■ 삼라만상(森羅萬象)은 곧 사진(寫眞)의 소재입니다

사진은 무엇으로 어떻게 찍든 간에 있는 대로 보고 보이는 대로 찍으면 된다고 생각합니다

이것이야말로 진정한 빛의 예술이자 진실된 역사의 기록이 아닐는지요

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

■ 최근 조사결과 캐나다인들 병원 방문 이유 1위가 [우울증]이라고 합니다

사진촬영이나 걷기는 우울증 예방이나 치료에도 상당한 효과가 있다고 합니다

사진을 좋아하거나 관심 있는 많은 분들의 동참을 기대하며 사진 인구의 저변확대를 소망합니다

■ [연합뉴스] 20170224 FRI 이광철 특파원     

우울증, 전 세계 3억2천만 명 10년 사이 18% 증가

(제네바=연합뉴스) 이광철 특파원 = 전 세계 인구 4%에 해당하는 3억2천200만 명이 우울증을 앓고 있으며 노인, 여성, 청소년 등이 특히 취약한 것으로 조사됐다고 세계보건기구(WHO)가 23일(현지시간) 밝혔다

WHO는 2015년 기준으로 집계한 우울증 인구가 2005년 보다 18.4% 증가 했다며 인구 증가뿐 아니라 기대 수명이 늘어난것도 원인으로 작용했다고 설명했다

우울증으로 인한 각종 부작용은 삶의 후반기에 막대한 영향을 미치고 있다

■ [중앙일보] 20180127 SAT 조진형 기자     

우울증 걸렸던 윈스턴 처칠 영 총리는 “(우울증)은 검은 개”라고 표현
1964년 ‘정신이상설’ 제기된 미 공화당 후보 낙마 계기로 의학계 윤리 원칙 제정

약 10년 전, 호주 정계에서는 한 ‘커밍아웃’이 화제였습니다.

한 정치인이 우울증을 진단받은 사실을 고백한 것입니다.

제프 갤럽 웨스턴오스트레일리아주(州) 총리입니다. 

우울증 진단 사실 밝힌 뒤 자진 사임한 제프 갤럽 전 호주 주총리

이 사실을 숨길 수도 있었던 그는 우울증으로 정상적인 정계 활동이 어렵다고 판단했습니다.

그래서 스스로 총리직에서 사임한 뒤 우울증 치료에 전념했지요.   
학자 출신으로 성공 가도를 달리던 그의 ‘용감한 선택’에 호주 국민들은 많은 격려와 찬사를 보냈습니다.

이안 학기스 시드니의대 교수는 "호주인 여섯 명 중 한 명이 우울증에 시달리지만 그 사실을 잘 공개하지 않는다"며 “갤럽의 결단은 우울증 환자들에게 희망의 메시지를 줬다”고 평가했답니다. 

■ [연합뉴스 TV] 20180204 SUN 권순현 기자     

자살은 우리나라 주요 사망원인 가운데 5위입니다.

해마다 1만3천명, 40분마다 1명씩 스스로 목숨을 끊는 셈인데요.

특히 상당수 원인이 우울증 때문으로 알려져 있습니다

☞ [자살공화국, 하루에 40여명이 生을 포기한다] http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/DPKO/598

☞ [이건세 교수의 사진 잘 찍는 법 50] http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/CsVj/130

☞ [셀카 찍는다고 자존심이 회복돼?] https://storyfunding.daum.net/episode/4766

☞ [사진 찍기, 여행 즐거움을 향상 시킬까?] http://cafe.daum.net/kvwc/dvOn/1

☞ [할머니의 카메라] https://storyfunding.daum.net/episode/4752

☞ [멋진 노을 사진 찍는 법] http://cafe.daum.net/kvwc/dvOn/2

■ 산행 안전

■ [산행 안전 수칙] 즐거운 산행을 위하여

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/CP3B/175

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/CP3B/41

http://www.vkhc.com/xe/HikingTip/1513

■ [동절기 안전산행 필수품]

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/CP3B/174

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/CP3B/40

http://www.vkhc.com/xe/HikingTip/1516

■ [겨울철 눈산행시 주의할 점]

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/CP3B/173

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/CP3B/39

http://www.vkhc.com/xe/HikingTip/1517

■ MUNDY PARK CAFE 특별기획 2018

http://cafe.daum.net/mundypark1/Eza7/78

■ Canada 건국일 : 1867년 7월 1일

[영국령 북아메리카 법(British North America Acts)선포일 - Canada Day]

■ 대한민국(Republic Of Korea) 건국일?

[1919년 4월 13일(일/음 03.13) - 大韓民國 臨時政府 수립일]

[1948년 8월 15일(일/음 07.11) - 大韓民國 정부 수립일]

[Linkman]

■ Pattullo Bridge(1,227m/4,026ft)
☛ New Westminster]Fraser River[Surrey
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattullo_Bridge

공식적으로 1937년 11월 15일(월) 개통하여 2026년 2월 6일(금) 통행을 종료한 아치형 패툴로 다리(Arch Pattullo Bridge)는 현재 철거중이다.
따라서 British Columbia주 22대 총리를 지낸 Thomas Dufferin Pattullo를 기리기 위해 그의 이름을 따서 건설한 이 다리는 역사속으로 영원히 사라지게 되었다.

[Linkman]

■ Stal̕əw̓asəm Bridge(Riverview Bridge)(1,235m/4,052ft)
☛ New Westminster]Fraser River[Surrey
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stal%CC%95%C9%99w%CC%93as%C9%99m_Bridge

2008년 7월 31일(목), TransLink는 노후화된 아치형 패툴로 다리(Arch Pattullo Bridge)를 보수하는 대신 New Pattullo Bridge를 건설하기로 결정했다.
2025년 12월 24일 북행 차선 1개 차로 개통에 이어 2026년 2월 14일 모든 차선를 개통하게 되면서 두 개의 새로운 이름이 명명되었다.
The stal̕əw̓asəm Bridge(/ˌstɑːloʊˈɑːsəm(스탈와셈 다리)/ stah-loh-AH-səm ; Halkomelem(할코멜렘어) : [stɑlˀəwˀˈɑːsəm] and Riverview Bridge.
⇨

[Linkman]

⇨
이 다리는 콴틀렌 퍼스트 네이션(Kwantlen First Nation) 과 무스퀴엄 인디언 밴드(Musqueam Indian Band)로부터 할 코멜렘어(Halkomelem) 이름을 받았다.
이는 역사적으로 원주민에 대한 속죄와 반성, 존중과 보호 정책에 따라서 향후 영원히 원주민에 대한 사과의 뜻이라 생각한다.
물론, 후세들도 그 뜻을 충분히 이해할것으로 사료된다.