2003-2004학년도 예술사 영어기출문제

2003학년도 영어시험 문제 <A name="[문서의 처음]"></A> 1. 다음 글로 미루어 볼 때 안무가들은 어떠한 무용수를 원하는가? In general, we as dancers need to be gracious and open-minded towards our choreographers. The more consideration we show them, the more likely it is that it will be returned ― choreographers do love willing, ready dancers. They may not have the best technique, but are the easiest to teach! Choreographers also choose people for their reliability; his or her leg may not go as high, but they'll be there and be on the mark every single time without fail.   ① 마음이 열려있는, 고난도의 기술을 익힌 무용수.  ② 의욕이 있고 준비가 된 신뢰할 만한 무용수. ③ 가장 발을 높이 뻗어 올릴 수 있는 무용수.  ④ 많은 경험이 있고 실패가 없는 숙련된 무용수. 2. 다음 글의 맨 마지막 문장으로 빈칸에 적절한 것은? The best way to test an animal's reasoning power is to confront it with a problem it has never faced before. If it has never faced the problem, obviously instinct can't be involved in a solution. In the jungle, for example, there are no boxes. Yet if you put a chimpanzee in a yard where banana is suspended beyond his reach, and where boxes are within sight, the chimpanzee will assemble the boxes, pile them on top of each other until he has a platform high enough to enable him to reach the banana! _____________ ① That is the best way to experiment on animals.  ② That is the result of special training. ③ That involves real, individual reasoning.  ④ That poses problems for animal scientists. 3. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 the inhabitants가 적을 피해 잘 숨을 수 있는 가장 큰 이유는? All this province is a tract of sand. When it happens that an army passes through the country, if it is a hostile one, the inhabitants take flight with their beasts into the sandy wastes to places where they know that there is water and they can live with their beasts. And I assure you that no one can tell which way they have gone, because the wind covers their tracks with sand, so that the country looks as if it had never been crossed by man or beast. That is how they escape from their enemies. ① They had beasts to ride and run away. ② They had good information system among them. ③ There are places that have water and land for farming. ④ The wind cleared their footprints on the sand. 4. 다음 글의 흐름으로 미루어 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것은? The impressions that individuals get from their environment are greatly influenced by their emotional state. When they are happy, objects and people present themselves to them in a favorable aspect; when they are depressed, they view the same things in an entirely different light. It has been said that a person's moods are lenses that color life with many different hues. Not only does mood affect impression; impression also affects mood. The beauty of a spring morning may drive away the gloom of a great sorrow, the good-natured chuckle of a fat man may turn anger into a smile, or a telegram may transform a house of _______ into a house of mourning. ① happiness  ② darkness  ③ sorrow  ④ anger 5. 다음 글의 내용으로 볼 때 호피 인디언과 나바호 인디언의 주된 차이점은 무엇인가? Unlike the Hopi, the Navajo were not traditionally artistic potters, although Navajo women have been making pottery for hundreds of years for their own household and ceremonial use. A few of them turned into artist potters when the railroad crossed America, and have begun to be a force in the Indian pottery market much like Hopi artists, who have long been successful. In this century, Navajos have achieved renown in weaving, silversmithing and jewelry making, basketry, and painting. ① 나바호 인디언은 전통적으로 직조나 은세공, 보석제조 같은 일을 했다. ② 나바호 인디언은 호피 인디언만큼 오래된 예술도자기의 역사를 갖고 있지 않다. ③ 호피 인디언은 나바호 인디언과는 달리 철도를 이용하여 도예품을 수송했다. ④ 호피 인디언은 나바호 인디언과는 달리 도예에 성공을 거두지 못했다. 6. 다음 글의 내용으로 미루어 다음 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것은? The DeCordova Sculpture Park is a unique cultural resource. It provides the only large ongoing exhibition of contemporary outdoor sculpture in New England, and is one of the few sculpture parks in the world to maintain a constantly rotating program. A trip to the Sculpture Park is exciting to all five senses; visitors may even gently touch all of the sculptures! _________, climbing on the artwork is not allowed, as the sculptures are not engineered to support the weight of children or adults. ① However  ② Therefore  ③ In addition  ④ Likewise 7. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 The craft가 가리키는 것은? About two thousand years ago, the beginning of agriculture in North America caused the previously nomadic Indian peoples to settle down. Soon, pottery shapes developed according to various customs and techniques of gathering water, storing grains and liquids, and preserving seeds for the next planting. The craft culminated in the development of cooking pots that were made to sit on rocks in open fires, water jars with indented bases so they could sit comfortably on the heads of water gatherers, and large storage vessels for grains and water. Indian villages all over the United States became known for their different pot shapes and decorative styles. ① 불을 피우는 기술.   ② 씨앗을 보관하는 기술. ③ 불과 그릇을 이용해 요리를 하는 기술.  ④ 도기를 만드는 기술. 8. 다음 글의 주제는? One Los Angeles evening in 1948, a young American writer was strolling down a street at a very late hour when he was stopped by a policeman. 'What are you doing out this time of night?' he asked. The writer said with a straight face, 'Putting one foot in front of another.' That is not the recommended way to answer a policeman. The writer finally convinced the suspicious policeman that peaceful citizens sometimes take walks just to take walks. Enraged by the policeman, too enthusiastic about his duty, the writer went home and began to write. The result was a short story about a man walking down a street, set in the year 2053, when it is a crime to walk anywhere, anytime, under any circumstances. ① How to walk peacefully late at night. ② How to be an overly enthusiastic police officer. ③ How a writer was motivated to write a certain novel. ④ How walking will become a crime in the year 2053. 9. 다음 글은 무엇에 대한 내용인가? While studying prehistoric art I asked my students to each bring in their own medium-sized flat rock. After viewing images from Lascaux, and Alta Mira, we also looked at typical symbols of animals and hunters drawn by cave artists. Using pastel chalks the students were to draw an image or images onto their rock. Afterwards, we 'framed' these with intertwined vine (honeysuckle, or grapevine). The art then is displayed for non-art students to see along with a brief overview of prehistoric art. This project enhanced the lecture and the students really enjoyed it--even the ones that thought they 'couldn't draw'. One of the nice things about this project is that if you have a limited budget and large classes this is very inexpensive! ① 원시 예술인들이 동굴벽화를 그린 과정에 대해. ② 원시 예술작품을 전시하기 위해 표구를 한 과정에 대해. ③ 미술 시간에 선사시대의 예술에 대해 체계적으로 교육하는 방법에 대해. ④ 미술 시간에 동굴벽화를 돌 조각에 그리는 수업활동에 대해. 10. 다음 글의 주제는 무엇인가? Around the mid-1700s, the Baroque style of music began to seem old-fashioned. There was a growing interest in music due to the growth of the European middle class. Many people began to prefer a style of music that was more balanced, and this led to the classical style of music. The style was given its name because the characteristics that people preferred in music were very similar to those qualities exhibited in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. This style of music was dominant from about 1750 to 1820. A few musical forms also became popular during this time period including the solo concerto. The solo concerto was a piece of music that was written for an orchestra but featured one specific instrument. It usually had four contrasting movements. The solo concerto was developed and perfected by Franz Haydn. The symphony, as well as the solo concerto, attracted very large audiences to public concerts. Mozart, one of the most famous classical composers, wrote twenty-one piano concertos. Another musical form that was developed in this age was the opera buffa, a comic form of opera. ① 18세기 후반부터 19세기 초에 유행한 음악의 유형들.  ② Solo Concerto가 발전하게 된 시대적 배경. ③ 그리스·로마시대의 음악적 경향과 특징.  ④ 음악세계에서의 하이든·모차르트의 공헌. [11-12] Painters, not unnaturally, have always been angry with writers expressing their opinions on pictures. They have insisted that only the painter can speak of painting with authority, and that the man of letters, looking at a picture from his literary point of view, can know nothing of its specific value. [11]His part is to admire in silence and, if he has the money, buy. This seems to me a narrow way of thinking. Doubtless they are right when they claim that only painters should discuss technique, but technique is not the whole of painting. You might as well say that only [12]_______ can appreciate a play. 11. 윗 글에서 밑줄 친 [11]His는 누구를 가리키는가? ① 화가   ② 예술품 수집가    ③ 작가    ④ 예술품 감정사 12. 윗 글의 내용으로 보아 빈칸 [12]에 들어갈 적절한 단어는? ① a painter  ② a dramatist   ③ a player   ④ an art critic [13-14] Housewives who complain about the high cost of food should feel better when they learn it costs $600 a day to feed the astronauts. Ninety-nine meals were aboard the spaceship when it took off Friday. That's three meals a day for each of the three astronauts for the planned eleven day mission. It was reported that the total cost of the meals $19,800 [13]or $200 each. The high cost results from the necessity to develop food without water and small, light meals for use in weightless space. The meals are prepared for eating by adding hot or cold water. 13. 다음 중 윗글의 밑줄 친 [13]or와 의미적 기능이 같은 것은? ① You must be back home by nine, or your father will be very angry. ② Members should pay the due until Jan. 1, or they should pay an extra fee. ③ The name of the organization is Korean Association of Performing Arts, or KAPA. ④ From what he said, I am not sure if he would return to his country or stay here. 14. 다음중 윗글에서 언급된 내용으로 보아 우주비행사들의 식품비가 높은 이유가 아닌 것은? ① 우주선에 너무 많은 분량을 실어야 하기 때문에.  ② 음식물에 물기가 없게 가공을 해야 하기 때문에. ③ 무중력상태에 적절하게 가공을 해야 하기 때문에.  ④ 음식물을 작고 간편하게 만들어야 하기 때문에. [15-16] Apparently there are three ways of acquiring information: first, from one's own observations; second, from books; and third, from other people. There are good and poor observers. Possibly heredity may partially determine one's powers, but training and self-discipline have much to do with it. Acquiring knowledge from books is an art which definitely has to be learned. Merely rummaging around in a library accomplishes little. Certainly, making the acquaintance of strangers and securing information from them is as much an art to be learned as acquiring information from books, and deserves as much study. One must be able to judge [15]character and know what testimony to credit. 15. 밑줄 친 [15]character와 가장 가까운 의미로 사용된 것은? ① The Hankul system consists of 24 characters.  ② In fact, she is a woman of fine character. ③ I like the characters in the novels of Dickens. ④ You must study the character of the desert areas. 16. 윗글의 가장 중요한 주제는? ① 신뢰할 만한 사람을 찾는 법   ② 관찰을 통하여 중요한 정보를 찾는 방법 ③ 인생에 있어서 책의 중요성   ④ 정보를 얻기 위한 훈련과 교육의 필요성 [17-18] You do not need to be a victim of worry. Reduced to its simplest form, what is worry? It is simply an unhealthy and destructive mental habit. You were not born with the worry habit―[18]________ And because you can change any habit and any acquired attitude, you can cast worry from your mind. Since aggressive, direct action is essential in the elimination process, there is just one proper time to begin an effective attack on worry, and that is now. So let us start breaking your worry habit at once. 17. 윗글의 가장 핵심적인 주제는? ① 모든 사람은 걱정의 희생물이다.   ② 걱정의 본질은 파괴적이다. ③ 걱정은 당장 떨쳐버려야 한다.   ④ 걱정은 여러 가지 경로로 만들어진다. 18. 윗글의 문맥으로 보아 빈칸[18]에 가장 적절한 것은? ① You cannot avoid it. ② You acquired it. ③ You had it from birth. ④ It's a bad habit. [19-20] The Dance and Song Society (DSS) is an association of people with a common interest in English and Anglo-American songs and dances. Those entitled to our membership are recreational dancers, musicians, singers, and dance historians. The activities of our group include dances, concerts, song gatherings, festivals and residential camps. We lead workshops and leadership sessions at our summer camps and occasionally with various groups throughout the country; we publish books and recordings, a newsletter, occasional monographs and a directory of groups throughout the USA and Canada; our sales department has a large selection of materials available exclusively by mail order; and we provide information and advice for the dance and song community. 19. DSS의 회원이 될 수 없는 사람은? ① 무용역사학자  ② 무용인  ③ 음악가  ④ 악기 제조업자 20. DSS로부터 물품을 사고 싶은 사람은 어떻게 구매를 할 수 있는가? ① 우편을 통해  ② 지정상점을 방문하여  ③ 캠프나 축제를 통해  ④ 인터넷을 통해 [21-22] However popular the waltz in those times, opposition was not lacking. Dancing masters saw the waltz as a threat to the profession. The basic steps of the waltz could be learned in relatively short time, whereas, the minuet and other court dances required considerable practice, not only to learn the many complex figures, but also to develop suitable postures and manners. The waltz was also criticized on moral grounds by those opposed to its closer hold and rapid turning movements. Religious leaders almost unanimously regarded it as vulgar and sinful. Continental court circles held out obstinately against the waltz. In England―a land of strict morals―the waltz was accepted even more slowly. 21. 윗글의 흐름으로 보아 이 앞에서는 어떠한 내용이 있었을 것으로 추정할 수 있는가? ① 왈츠가 극심한 반대를 겪었다는 내용.  ② 왈츠가 유행했다는 내용. ③ 왈츠와 미뉴엣을 비교한 내용.  ④ 왈츠의 시대적 배경에 대한 내용. 22. 윗글에서 제시한, 사람들이 왈츠에 대해 반발한 이유가 아닌 것은? ① 왈츠가 종교적으로 천박하고 죄악스럽다.  ② 왈츠가 다른 춤보다 비교적 쉽게 배울 수 있다. ③ 왈츠를 출 때 두 사람이 너무 가까이 접촉한다.  ④ 왈츠를 제대로 가르칠 교사가 너무 부족하였다. [23-25] The actor's [23]calling is a hard one. I am not speaking now of the young women who go on the stage because they have a pretty face and if good looks were a qualification for typists might just as well have gone into an office, or of the young men who do so because they have a good figure and no particular aptitude for anything else. They drift in and out of the profession; the women marry and the men get into a wine-merchant's office or take up interior decoration. I am speaking of the actors by vocation. They have a natural gift and the desire to use it. It is a profession that requires hard labor to achieve proficiency, so that by the time an actor knows how to act any sort of part, he is often too old to act any but a few; it requires boundless patience; it is filled with disappointments. Long stretches of enforced idleness must be endured. The prizes are few and can be held but for a brief period. The rewards are inadequate. The actor is at the mercy of fortune and the inconstant favor of the public. He is forgotten as soon as he ceases to please. [24]It will avail him nothing to have been the idol of the crowd. He can starve for all they care. It is when I think of this that I find it easy to be indulgent to the actor's airs and graces, his exigencies and vanity, when he is on the crest of the wave. Let him be flamboyant and absurd if he likes. It all lasts such a little while. And after all his egotism is part of his talent. 23. 다음 중 [23]calling의 뜻에 가장 가까운 것은? ① 직업   ② 방문하기  ③ 큰 목소리로 외치기  ④ 호출 24. [24]에 가장 가까운 의미는? ① 그렇게 하여 쉽게 관중의 인기를 얻을 수 있다.  ② 배우가 관중들의 우상이 되는 것은 힘들다. ③ 한 때 유명했던 것이 이제 아무 쓸모가 없다.  ④ 관중들이 우러러본다고 실제 이익이 생기지는 않는다. 25. 글쓴이는 유명한 배우가 잘난 척 하는 것에 대해 어떠한 태도를 가지고 있는가? ① 가장 견딜 수 없는 꼴불견이라고 생각한다. ② 얼마 지속되지 않을 것이므로 괜찮다고 생각한다. ③ 바로 그것 때문에 인기를 잃는다고 생각한다.  ④ 매우 이기적이며, 재능이 없는 증거라고 생각한다.                                                                                                2004학년도 영어시험 문제 1. 다음 글로 미루어 볼 때 Adriaen Cooper는 누구인가? Little is known about Adriaen Cooper's life, and he went largely unrecognized until he was rediscovered by a Dutch art historian in the 1950s. Cooper's compositions generally consist of a few still-life objects against a dark background on canvas. Whether his focus was a bowl of cherries, an arrangement of exotic shells, or a bunch of roses, he imbued his scenes with a haunting timelessness. Today he is recognized as a gifted and original master, one whose spare and carefully balanced compositions are highly prized by both public and private collectors. ① 작곡가       ② 화가      ③ 예술품 수집가      ④ 꽃꽂이 전문가 2. 다음 글의 내용으로 미루어보아 글의 출처로 가장 적절한 것은? Houdon is universally recognized as the greatest European portrait sculptor of the last half of the 18th century. Despite his fame, however, Houdon has never been the subject of a major monographic exhibition. This exhibition focuses on Houdon's greatest fully documented sculptures, in some instances showing terracotta, plaster, and marble versions of the same portrait. Vivid portrayals of the great intellectual, military, and political figures of the Enlightenment, as well as portraits of children and works depicting historical and mythological subjects are on view. Some 60 works illustrate the remarkable degree of physical accuracy and extraordinary psychological insight Houdon incorporated into his sculpture. ① 조각 작품전에 대한 소개문            ② 예술사 교과서의 Houdon에 관한 평론문 ③ Houdon의 작품 판매를 위한 광고문      ④ 인물 조각의 특수 기법에 대한 입문서 3. 다음 중에서 봉사원이 반드시 구비해야 할 자격요건에 해당하지 않는 것은? The department is looking for two local student volunteers for six to eight weeks this summer. Student volunteers will assist with clerical and administrative tasks that support the department's programs. Likely projects include tracking registrations for family and children's programs, preparing materials for art projects, research, data entry, photocopying, and filing. Volunteers will have the opportunity to attend collection tours, gallery talks, and films. They will meet with professional staff and participate in the Gallery's educational programs. Candidates for these volunteer positions must be college juniors or seniors with a mature, positive attitude and strong work ethic, willing to commit to a minimum of twelve hours per week. Proficiency using Microsoft Office and previous work in a professional office are preferred but not essential. ① 최소한 주당 12시간을 봉사할 수 있어야 한다. ② 본 부서의 서무 행정에 관련된 일을 도울 수 있어야 한다. ③ Microsoft Office 컴퓨터 프로그램을 사용할 줄 알아야 한다. ④ 대학 3학년 또는 4학년 학생이어야 한다. 4. 다음 글의 흐름으로 미루어 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것은? Learning is a risky business. In infancy, when the children are learning at a truly remarkable rate, they are also experiencing a great number of failures. Watch them. See the innumerable things they try and see how little the failures discourage them to try the same thing again. With each year that passes they will be less content with failure. By middle age we carry in our heads a tremendous catalogue of things we have no intention of trying again because we tried them once and failed. Also, we tend increasingly to avoid things we have never tried. To keep on learning and growing all your life, you must keep on _______________. ① checking your avoidance catalogue    ② trying entirely new things ③ avoiding things you have tried      ④ risking failure 5. 다음 글의 내용으로 볼 때 학생들이 방학 중 부모님과 헤어져 있게 되는 가장 큰 이유는? At the end of each university term students are asked what they are planning to do in the vacation. Their answers reveal one of the saddest features of education: the split between parents and children. Many of them invent excuses for being at home as little as possible. Sometimes this is because there is no quiet room to work in, or because they need to earn money by taking a job, but all too often it is because they find their parents dull and unreasonable. ① 방학중에 돈을 벌기 위해 직업을 가지기 때문에. ② 학교에서의 교육이 부모로부터의 독립을 강조하기 때문에. ③ 학생들이 부모와 함께 있기를 싫어하기 때문에. ④ 학생들이 조용히 앉아서 공부할 수 있는 방이 없기 때문에. 6. 다음 글의 내용으로 미루어 다음 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것은? To the British people during the war, Winston Churchill became the symbol of their courage and their faith. His mastery of the art of speech made people listen, but it was confidence in his integrity that made them follow him. Circumstances may never make of you a Churchill, a Lincoln, or a Jane Adams, but whatever your station in life may be, the influence of your speaking will rest ultimately on _________. ① the impressiveness of your appearance ② the skillfulness of your speech ③ your religious background ④ the integrity of your character 7. 글의 흐름으로 보아 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것은? When quite young, Leonardo Da Vinci began to keep a notebook that was to grow to five thousand pages. He filled it with sketches and with speculations about everything under the sun--projects for submarines, military tanks and airplanes; animals, especially horses; and men and women. He was keenly interested in almost all the sciences that we now study at school and made considerable influence on those living in the modern times. For this reason, even though he is recognized as a master in arts, he should be duly considered ___________________. ① a mere sketch artist          ② a pioneer of the modern science ③ a leading scholar in biology     ④ a conventional educator 8. 다음 글의 주제는? As individuals, we find that our development depends upon the people whom we meet in the course of our lives. These people include the authors whose books we read, and characters in works of fiction and history. The benefit of these meetings is due as much to the differences as to the resemblances; to the conflict as well as the sympathy, between persons. Fortunate is the man who, at the right moment, meets the right friend; fortunate also is the man who, at the right moment, meets the right enemy. I do not approve the extermination of the enemy: the policy of exterminating or, as is barbarously said, liquidating enemies, is one of the most alarming developments of modern war and peace, from the point of view of those who desire the survival of culture. One needs the enemy. Within limits, the friction, not only between individuals but between groups, seems to me quite necessary for civilization. ① Importance of exterminating vicious enemies that hinder our development. ② The most alarming developments of modern war and peace mechanisms. ③ The need to meet the supportive people who can help our development. ④ Importance of having enemies as well as friends for development. 9. 다음 글의 저자가 중국인들에 대해 가지고 있는 태도로서 가장 적절한 것은? An American editor worries his hair gray to see that no typographical mistakes appear on the pages of his magazine. The Chinese editor is wiser than that. He wants to leave his readers the supreme satisfaction of discovering a few typographical mistakes for themselves. More than that, a Chinese magazine can begin printing serial fiction and forget about it halfway. In America it might bring the roof down on the editors, but in China it doesn't matter, simply because it doesn't matter. American engineers in building bridges calculate so finely and exactly as to make the two ends come together within one tenth of an inch. But when two Chinese begin to dig a tunnel from both sides of a mountain, both come out on the other side. The Chinese's firm conviction is that it doesn't matter so long as a tunnel is dug through, and if we have two instead of one, why, we have a double track to boot. Provided you are not in a hurry, two tunnels are as good as one, dug somehow, finished somehow and the train can get through somehow. ① 중국인들은 너무 치밀하지 못해서 바람직하지 않다. ② 중국인들은 기술이 덜 발달되어 정밀하지 못하여 더 노력할 필요가 있다. ③ 중국인들은 너무 정밀한 미국인들보다 오히려 더 나은 점이 있다. ④ 중국인들은 항상 일을 두 배로 하기 때문에 결과적으로 더 훌륭하다. 10. 다음 글의 주제는 무엇인가? Advertisement is necessary to introduce new commodities into the market and explain their uses. Most of the things we now prize were not produced in response to the demand of the consumer; on the contrary, they seemed so strange that most of us would have been unwilling even to try them without a great deal of persuasion. ① 광고의 필요성   ② 소비의 충동성   ③ 상품의 실용성   ④ 수요공급균형의 필요성 [11-12] Unnecessary modesty has a great deal to do with envy. Modesty is considered a virtue, but for my part I am very doubtful whether, in its more extreme forms, it deserves to be [11]so regarded. Modest people need a great deal of reassuring, and often do not dare to attempt tasks which they are quite capable of performing. Modest people believe to be outshone by those with whom they habitually associate. They are therefore particularly prone to envy, and, through envy, to unhappiness and ill will. For my part, I think there is much to be said for bringing up a boy to think himself a fine fellow. I do not believe that any peacock envies another peacock his tail, because every peacock is persuaded that his own tail is the finest in the world. The consequence of this is that peacocks are peaceable birds. Imagine how unhappy the life of a peacock would be if he had been taught that it is wicked to have a good opinion of oneself. 11. 윗글에서 밑줄 친 [11]so는 무엇을 가리키는가? ① as doubtful       ② as a virtue    ③ as unnecessary     ④ as an envy 12. 윗글의 저자는 겸손한 사람들에 대해 어떻게 생각하는가? ① 질투와 불행을 느낄 수 있는 가능성이 큰 사람들이다. ② 세계 평화를 가져올 수 있는 미덕을 갖춘 사람들이다. ③ 자신의 부족함을 깨닫고 늘 자기발전에 힘쓰는 사람들이다. ④ 자신감에 넘치는 사람들보다 상대방을 배려하는 사람들이다. [13-14] When we are frustrated in satisfying a need or desire we may react by putting to use skills and energies we might otherwise have neglected. A businessman who is frustrated by stage-fright everytime he must [13]address a conference, for example, may devote special efforts to overcome this handicap and consequently becomes an outstanding speaker. Similarly, someone with a slight physical defect may undergo special training to compensate for it and so develop into a competent athlete. It follows, therefore, that when we increase our efforts to resolve a frustrating situation, the additional skills we develop may open up new areas for us. Thus our frustrating experience will have produced [14]_______. 13. 다음 중 윗 글의 밑줄 친 [13]address와 의미적,문법적 기능이 같은 것은? ① If you change your address please let me know immediately. ② The inaugural address delivered by J. F. Kennedy is an excellent speech. ③ I picked up a letter today, but it was wrongly addressed. ④ Please address your complaints to the manager, not to me. 14. 다음 중 윗 글의 흐름으로 보아 빈칸 [14]에 가장 알맞은 것은? ① an entirely new area   ② equally frustrating results ③ constructive results     ④ an outstanding speaker [15-16] The world is a sad place for a poet at any time. He is by nature abnormally sensitive. He is a point of the most intense feeling thrown out like an antenna by the social body to test the amorphous limits of existence. He is the advance-guard of experience. His reward is that the social body reacts to his sensitive register and adapts itself accordingly. The poet is then the representative man, the acknowledged type of his race. But today the poet makes his signals to a numb and indifferent body. He is ignored. There has surely never been a period in our literary history when poetry was so little read and the poet so little recognized. 15. 다음 중 밑줄 친 [15]indifferent와 가장 의미가 가까운 것은? ① same     ② dissimilar    ③ uninterested     ④ receptive 16. 윗 글의 가장 중요한 주제는? ① 세상에서 시인이 빠지기 쉬운 오류            ② 현시대에 있어서의 시인의 역할과 위상 ③ 인간의 행복추구에 있어서 시인의 중요성         ④ 시인의 병적 허구에 대한 집착의 비극 [17-18] In seeking to understand the great founders of religion, it is helpful to note how little attention they gave to the physical and material universe. Jesus taught hardly anything about it. Buddha was often silent when his followers wished to press discussions about the creation of man. Confucius devoted very few sayings to the universe of science. Socrates argued that the study of human nature was more important than the study of astronomy. [17]_______ Arab science and mathematics were beginning to develop strongly in his day, Mohammed devoted very little attention to them in the Koran unless they were related to an understanding of the nature of man or God. All regarded things spiritual as their work and left scientific studies of the physical and material universe to others. 17. 윗 글의 문맥으로 보아 빈칸[17]에 가장 적절한 것은? ① Though    ② In    ③ Because   ④ With 18. 윗 글의 가장 핵심적인 주제는? ① Understanding great leaders of religion is very important for human happiness. ② Human nature is by far more important than astronomy or physics. ③ Great religion and great science ultimately converge in their pursuit of happiness. ④ The founders of religion payed little attention to the physical and material universe. [19-20]  Children's pleasure in exploring the world, long before they can speak, is very obvious. They spend almost all their time at [19]it. We don't speak of their intuition, but it is the same thing as the intuition of the artist. That is to say, it is direct knowledge of the world as it is, direct acquaintance with things, with characters, with appearance, and this is the primary knowledge of the artist. This joy of discovery is his starting point. 19. 윗 글의 밑줄친 [19]it가 가리키는 것은? ① worldly pleasure   ② ability to speak    ③ exploration   ④ obviousness 20. Which of the following best identifies the commonality of artists and children? ① direct discovery of the world      ② the ability to speak with true knowledge ③ emphasis on knowledge          ④ endless effort in sharpening their intuition [21-22] Boys and girls often ask me if I don't think it a bad thing for them to be compelled to learn poetry by heart in school. The answer is --Yes, and No. If you've got into the way of thinking that poetry is stupid stuff, or useless, or beneath your dignity, then you certainly won't get much out of learning it by heart. But remember that it is a good thing to train your memory, and learning a poem is at least a much more pleasant way of training it than learning, say, twenty lines out of the telephone directory. What's more important, to learn poetry is to learn a respect for words; and without this respect for words, you will never be able to think clearly or express yourself properly; and until you can do that, you'll never fully grow up--not though you live to be a hundred. A third good reason for learning poetry by heart is that, by doing so, you are sowing a harvest in yourself. It may seem to you at the time a dull, laborious business, with nothing to show for it; but as you get a bit older, you'll find passages of poetry you learnt at school and thought you had forgotten, thrusting up out of your memory, making life happier and more interesting. 21. 윗글의 밑줄 친 a dull, laborious business가 가리키는 것은? ① 농부가 추수하는 것.              ② 시를 자주 쓰는 것. ③ 농부가 씨를 뿌리는 것. ④ 시를 외우는 것. 22. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason to learn a poem by heart? ① It can help us to learn a respect for words. ② It can help us to be respected as a poet. ③ It can make our life happier later. ④ It can train our memory. [23-25]  In the Middle East around 4000 BC the village settlements were growing in size and prosperity. A new phase in human's development was happening. In what is today southern Iraq, or Ancient Mesopotamia, the first urban civilization was being created; villages grew into towns and then towns into the great city states: Ur, Uruk, Ubaid, Eridu, Lagesh etc. By 3000 BC. the people of these cities, the Sumerians, had already established a sophisticated trading commercial culture. This was the first town- and city-based civilization on this planet. New crafts and occupations evolved. More skills and tools were invented. With the development of trade they needed more pots and vessels. Until the arrival of the wheel, a revolutionary event in pottery making, the women usually made the pots - by coiling. With so many other responsibilities they could only be part-time potters. With the invention of the wheel, men took over from their womenfolk the task of making pottery in most ancient cultures. The villages of the Near East were now growing into towns, too. More pottery was needed. This need for increased pottery production proved impossible for the women to do with their considerable commitments to child rearing and food preparation. Although one person could make pots more quickly with a wheel, still more full-time labour was needed to decorate, finish and fire this increasing amount of pottery. Clearly, in all communities many people now became full-time potters from the third millennium BC. onwards. 23. 다음 중 도기가 대량으로 필요하게 된 동기로 가장 알맞은 것은? ① Development of trade.           ② Development of agriculture.        ③ Development of ceramic art.        ④ Development of towns and cities. 24. 다음 중 남성이 도기를 만드는 일을 떠맡게 된 주요 동기로 가장 알맞은 것은? ① 여성이 만든 도기를 부정하다고 생각한 중동지역의 미신. ② 여성이 농업에 전념함으로써 생겨난 도기 제작 노동력 부족. ③ 남성들의 도기 제작기술을 전수하는 대규모 학교의 설립. ④ 그릇의 수요증가와 여성의 가사노동에 따른 능력 부족. 25. 다음 중 윗글의 내용과 다른 것은? ① 수메르인들은 지구상에서 처음으로 도시문명을 건설했다. ② 회전물레의 개발은 도기제작에 획기적인 전기를 마련했다. ③ 전문적인 도공이 생겨난 시기는 기원전 4000년 경이다. ④ 회전물레의 개발에도 불구하고 도기제작에는 많은 노동력이 필요했다.    </XBODY></XBODY></XBODY></XBODY></XBODY>