생생주역,영문. 주역 상편.1.重乾天(중건천)-9.(4)

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 1. Hexagram Qian /  Double Heaven(중건천). ䷀ ......9.(4)

        "This must be what the realm of 'Lizhen(利貞,이정) bestows upon those who act with

           untiring vigir(健行,건행)."

           Seeing how Jiuk(智旭,지욱) thus interpreted the Four Virtues(四德,사덕) of "  Yuan, Heng, Li,

           Zhen" through moral principle(義理,의리),  it appears to be rooted in Confucius′s earlier

           commentary explaining "Yuan, Heng, Li, Zhen" via moral principle.

           Furthemore, Wang Bi of the Cao Wei dynasty, following Laozi, viewed the Book

           of Changes(I Ching) as political philosophy and interpreted it through

           Xuanxue(Dark Learning/ Neo-Daoism).

           Kong Yingda inherited Wang Bi′s tradition, while Zhou Dunyi and Cheng Yi of the Northern

           Song Dynasty advocated Lixue(School of Principle).

           Su Dongpo reached an interpretation leaning to ward Chan/Zen Studies(禪學,선학)

           while remmaining close to Lixue.

           In particular, Zhang Zai established a materialistic system of dynamics centered on Qixue

           (School of Qi / Vital Force) as reflected in the Xici Zhuan(Commentary on the appended Phrases).

           Shao Kangjie(Shao Yong) interpreted it through Image-Number Studies(象數,상수).

           Later, the modern German mathematician Leibiz discovered that Shao Kangjie‘s Sequence

           of the 64 Hexadrams coincided by chance with his own binary system.

           Furthemore, scholars like Xue Xueqian(薛學潛,설학잠) even produced works such as The i Ching,

           Matter, and Quantum Mechanics.

           When Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty advocated both Principle(理學,이학)

           and Image-Number Studies(象學,상학) simultaneously, the Joseon Silhak scholar

           Joseon Yak-yong(Teyong / Jeong Yagyong) also interpreted it using both Image-Number

           Studies and Principle like Zhu Xi, illuminating "Yuan, Heng, Li, Zhen" as "It is beneficial

           to act uprightly when handling the affairs of Heaven,"

           clarifying both maral principle(義理,의리) and image-number principle(象數,상수) together.

           Considering that the Comoendium of Explanations on the Book of Changes(Juyeok Jeonui

           Daejeon / 周易傳義大典,주역전의대전),

           compiled by imperial order of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty,

           included both Cheng Yi′s laheon Yeokjeon and Zhu Xi′s Juyeok Bonui,

           it appears necessary to niew moral principle(義理,의리)to correctly understand

            the Book of  Changes.

           and image-number principle(象數,상수) together 

           In conclusion, one must not miss the fact that the Xiang辭(사 - Image Commentary)

           annotated by Confucius is a 'moral-principle-oriented Xiang(象,상) ' viewed through

           lmage-Number Gtudies(象學,상학).

          As Lee In-sang′s  song states:

         "Principle(理,리) and Number(數,수) both originate from Heaven and cannot exist apart from it."