Chapter 7

[모나리자]

네 번째 원: 

탐욕스러운 자와 탕자. 플루투스. 운명과 그녀의 바퀴. 다섯 번째 원: 짜증나는 자와 우울한 자. 스틱스. "파페 사탄, 파페 사탄, 알레페!" 플루투스는 꽥꽥거리는 목소리로 이렇게 시작했다. 그리고 모든 것을 아는 그 자비로운 현자는 나를 격려하기 위해 말했다. "네 두려움이 너를 해치지 못하게 하라. 그가 가진 어떤 힘도 네가 이 절벽으로 내려가는 것을 막지 못할 것이다." 그러고 나서 그는 그 부풀어 오른 입술로 돌아서서 말했다. "조용히 해라, 저주받은 늑대야. 네 분노로 네 자신을 태워버려.

이 심연으로의 여행은 이유 없는 것이 아니다. 높은 곳에서, 미카엘이 교만한 간통에 대한 복수를 행한 곳에서 그렇게 되기를 바란다." 바람에 부풀어 오른 돛이 돛대가 부러지면 함께 떨어지듯이, 잔인한 괴물도 땅에 떨어졌다. 그리하여 우리는 네 번째 틈으로 내려갔고, 쓸쓸한 해안을 따라 더욱 멀리 나아갔다

우주의 모든 슬픔이 자루에 담겨 있었다.

아, 신의 정의여! 내가 본 것처럼 많은 새로운 수고와 고통을 누가 쌓아올리는가? 그리고 왜 우리의 범죄가 우리를 이렇게 낭비하는가? 카리브디스 위의 파도가 마주치는 것에 스스로를 깨뜨리는 것처럼, 여기서도 사람들은 그들의 원형 경주를 추어야 한다. 여기서 나는 다른 곳보다 더 많은 사람들을 보았다. 한쪽과 다른 쪽에서 큰 울부짖음과 함께, 가슴의 주력으로 무게를 앞으로 굴렸다.

그들은 서로 부딪혔고, 그때 각자가 뒤로 돌아서 역행하며, "왜 간직하는가?"와 "왜 낭비하는가?"라고 외쳤다. 그리하여 그들은 양쪽에서 반대편으로 끔찍한 원을 따라 돌아갔고, 그들의 부끄러운 운율을 계속 외쳤다. 그런 다음 각자가 거기에 도착했을 때, 그의 반원을 통해 다른 창시합으로 돌아갔다. 그리고 마치 내 심장이 찔린 것처럼 나는 외쳤다:

"나의 주인님, 이제 이 사람들이 누구인지, 그리고 만약 모두가 사무원이라면, 우리 왼쪽에 있는 이 깎은 왕관을 내게 말해 주십시오." 그리고 그는 나에게 말했다: "그들은 모두 첫 번째 삶에서 지성적으로 곁눈질로 보았고, 그래서 그들은 거기에 돈을 쓰지 않았습니다.

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그들의 목소리는 분명히 그것을 외친다, 그들이 원의 두 지점에 도달했을 때, 그곳에서 그들은 반대의 결함을 찢는다. 사무원은 머리에 털이 없는 사람들이었고, 교황과 추기경은 탐욕이 지나친 사람들이었다." 그리고 나는: "나의 주인님, 저는 이런 사람들 중에서 몇몇을 분명히 알아볼 수 있어야 합니다. 그들은 이런 질병에 감염된 사람들입니다." 그리고 그는 나에게 말했다: "너는 헛된 생각을 품고 있구나;

그들을 더럽게 만든 분별력 없는 삶은 이제 모든 분별력에 그들을 희미하게 만든다. 그들은 영원히 이 두 가지 충돌에 올 것이다; 이들은 무덤에서 주먹을 꽉 쥐고 다시 일어날 것이고, 이들은 머리를 깎은 채로. 아름다운 세상은 그들에게서 악을 주고 악하게 대하는 것을 빼앗아 이 싸움에 몰아넣었다; 그것이 무엇이든, 나는 그것을 위해 어떤 말도 장식하지 않는다.

이제 너는 운명에 맡겨진 재화의 일시적인 희극을 볼 수 있느냐? 인류가 서로에게 맞선다; 달 아래에 있는 모든 금, 또는 지금까지 존재했던 모든 금, 이 지친 영혼들은 결코 단 한 사람도 쉬게 할 수 없었다." "주인님," 내가 그에게 말했다, "이제 나에게 말해 주십시오. 당신이 말하는 이 운명이 무엇인지, 세상의 재화를 그 손아귀에 쥐고 있는 운명이 무엇인지?"

그리고 그는 나에게 말했다: "오, 멍청한 놈들이여, 너희를 둘러싼 이 무지가 뭐냐? 이제 내가 너에게 그녀에 대한 내 판단을 배우게 하겠다. 모든 것을 초월하는 전지전능한 그는 하늘을 창조하고, 하늘을 인도할 사람을 주셨으며, 모든 부분이 모든 부분으로 빛나게 하시고, 빛을 동등하게 분배하셨다. 그는 마찬가지로 세상의 화려함에 대한 일반적인 여사제와 안내자를 임명하셨으며, 그녀는 때때로 빈 보물을 종족에서 종족으로, 한 혈통에서 다른 혈통으로 바꿀 수 있도록 하셨으며, 모든 인간의 지혜에 저항할 수 없게 하셨다.

그러므로 한 민족은 승리하고, 다른 민족은 그녀의 판단을 추구하면서 쇠약해진다. 풀 속에 뱀이 숨겨져 있는 것처럼. 너의 지식은 그녀에게 대항할 수 없다. 그녀는 다른 신들이 그렇듯이 그녀의 통치를 준비하고, 판단하고, 추구한다. 그녀의 변화에는 휴전이 없다. 필요성이 그녀를 성급하게 만들고, 그의 차례를 얻는 사람이 그렇게 자주 온다. 그리고 이것이 바로 십자가에 못 박힌 그녀다. 그녀를 칭찬해야 할 사람들에 의해,

그녀를 잘못 비난하고, 나쁜 평판을 주지만, 그녀는 행복하고, 그것을 듣지 못한다. 다른 원시 생물들 사이에서 그녀는 기뻐하며, 그녀의 영역을 돌리고, 행복하게 기뻐한다. 이제 더 큰 비애로 내려가자. 이미 내가 출발했을 때 올라가던 모든 별이 가라앉았고, 시간을 낭비하는 것은 금지되어 있습니다." 우리는 원을 건너 반대편 강둑으로 갔습니다. 끓는 샘 근처에 있었고, 그 샘에서 흘러나오는 협곡을 따라 쏟아졌습니다.

물은 멀리서 보면 더 우울했습니다. 우리는 황혼빛 파도와 함께 험악한 길을 따라 아래로 들어갔습니다. 그것은 늪을 만들고, 스틱스라는 이름을 가지고 있습니다. 이 애절한 시냇물은 악의에 찬 회색 해안의 기슭으로 내려갔을 때입니다. 그리고 나는 지켜보려고 섰고, 그 석호에서 진흙투성이가 된 사람들을 보았습니다. 모두 벌거벗고 화난 표정이었습니다.

그들은 손으로만 서로를 때리지 않고 머리와 가슴과 발로 서로를 때렸습니다. 이빨로 조각조각 찢었습니다. 선한 스승이 말씀하셨습니다. "아들아, 이제 너는 분노에 이긴 사람들의 영혼을 보게 될 것이다. 그리고 마찬가지로 나는 너에게 확실히 알리고 싶다 물 아래에는 한숨쉬는 사람들이 있고 이 물을 표면에서 거품처럼 만들어, 눈이 어디로 향하는지 말해준다.

진흙 속에 갇혀서 그들은 말한다, '우리는 우울했어, 태양에 의해 기뻐하는 달콤한 공기 속에서, 우리 안에 느린 악취를 품고서; 지금 우리는 이 검은 진흙 속에서 우울해.' 이 찬송가를 그들은 계속 목구멍에서 웅얼거린다, 왜냐하면 그들은 끊이지 않는 말로 그것을 말할 수 없기 때문이다." 이렇게 우리는 더러운 늪을 돌며 갔다. 마른 둑과 늪 사이의 큰 호를 그리며, 진흙을 헤치는 사람들에게 눈을 돌렸다; 마침내 탑 아래에 도착했다.

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Chapter 7  

The Fourth Circle:

The Avaricious and the Prodigal. Plutus. Fortune and her Wheel. The Fifth Circle: The Irascible and the Sullen. Styx. "Pape Satan, Pape Satan, Aleppe!" Thus Plutus with his clucking voice began; And that benignant Sage, who all things knew, Said, to encourage me: "Let not thy fear Harm thee; for any power that he may have Shall not prevent thy going down this crag." Then he turned round unto that bloated lip, And said: "Be silent, thou accursed wolf; Consume within thyself with thine own rage.

Not causeless is this journey to the abyss; Thus is it willed on high, where Michael wrought Vengeance upon the proud adultery." Even as the sails inflated by the wind Involved together fall when snaps the mast, So fell the cruel monster to the earth. Thus we descended into the fourth chasm, Gaining still farther on the dolesome shore

Which all the woe of the universe insacks.

Justice of God, ah! who heaps up so many New toils and sufferings as I beheld? And why doth our transgression waste us so? As doth the billow there upon Charybdis, That breaks itself on that which it encounters, So here the folk must dance their roundelay. Here saw I people, more than elsewhere, many, On one side and the other, with great howls, Rolling weights forward by main force of chest.

They clashed together, and then at that point Each one turned backward, rolling retrograde, Crying, "Why keepest?" and, "Why squanderest thou?" Thus they returned along the lurid circle On either hand unto the opposite point, Shouting their shameful metre evermore. Then each, when he arrived there, wheeled about Through his half-circle to another joust; And I, who had my heart pierced as it were, Exclaimed:

"My Master, now declare to me What people these are, and if all were clerks, These shaven crowns upon the left of us." And he to me: "All of them were asquint In intellect in the first life, so much That there with measure they no spending made. 

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Clearly enough their voices bark it forth, Whene'er they reach the two points of the circle, Where sunders them the opposite defect. Clerks those were who no hairy covering Have on the head, and Popes and Cardinals, In whom doth Avarice practise its excess." And I: "My Master, among such as these I ought forsooth to recognise some few, Who were infected with these maladies." And he to me: "Vain thought thou entertainest;

The undiscerning life which made them sordid Now makes them unto all discernment dim. Forever shall they come to these two buttings; These from the sepulchre shall rise again With the fist closed, and these with tresses shorn. Ill giving and ill keeping the fair world Have ta'en from them, and placed them in this scuffle; Whate'er it be, no words adorn I for it.

Now canst thou, Son, behold the transient farce Of goods that are committed unto Fortune, For which the human race each other buffet; For all the gold that is beneath the moon, Or ever has been, of these weary souls Could never make a single one repose." "Master," I said to him, "now tell me also What is this Fortune which thou speakest of, That has the world's goods so within its clutches?"

And he to me: "O creatures imbecile, What ignorance is this which doth beset you? Now will I have thee learn my judgment of her. He whose omniscience everything transcends The heavens created, and gave who should guide them, That every part to every part may shine, Distributing the light in equal measure; He in like manner to the mundane splendours Ordained a general ministress and guide, That she might change at times the empty treasures From race to race, from one blood to another, Beyond resistance of all human wisdom.

Therefore one people triumphs, and another Languishes, in pursuance of her judgment, Which hidden is, as in the grass a serpent. Your knowledge has no counterstand against her; She makes provision, judges, and pursues Her governance, as theirs the other gods. Her permutations have not any truce; Necessity makes her precipitate, So often cometh who his turn obtains. And this is she who is so crucified Even by those who ought to give her praise,

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Giving her blame amiss, and bad repute. But she is blissful, and she hears it not; Among the other primal creatures gladsome She turns her sphere, and blissful she rejoices. Let us descend now unto greater woe; Already sinks each star that was ascending When I set out, and loitering is forbidden." We crossed the circle to the other bank, Near to a fount that boils, and pours itself Along a gully that runs out of it.

The water was more sombre far than perse; And we, in company with the dusky waves, Made entrance downward by a path uncouth. A marsh it makes, which has the name of Styx, This tristful brooklet, when it has descended Down to the foot of the malign gray shores. And I, who stood intent upon beholding, Saw people mud-besprent in that lagoon, All of them naked and with angry look.

They smote each other not alone with hands, But with the head and with the breast and feet, Tearing each other piecemeal with their teeth. Said the good Master: "Son, thou now beholdest The souls of those whom anger overcame; And likewise I would have thee know for certain Beneath the water people are who sigh And make this water bubble at the surface, As the eye tells thee wheresoe'er it turns.

Fixed in the mire they say, 'We sullen were In the sweet air, which by the sun is gladdened, Bearing within ourselves the sluggish reek; Now we are sullen in this sable mire.' This hymn do they keep gurgling in their throats, For with unbroken words they cannot say it." Thus we went circling round the filthy fen A great arc 'twixt the dry bank and the swamp, With eyes turned unto those who gorge the mire; Unto the foot of a tower we came at last.