dissonance / monolith Dysfunctionalism / bureaucracy

제대로 안 돌아가는 가정, 사회와 국가 영어 이야기 dysfuntional [disfΛŋʃənl] 기능장애의 제대로 작동치 않은 고장난   우리는 모순 속에서 살고 있다. 아주 불편한 여건에 살 때 모든 것이 거의 마음대로 되지 않아 답답했을 텐데 오늘의 주제어인 dysfunctional (재대로 작동하지 않은) 이 문화와 과학이 덜 발달되었던 1800 년도에는 잘 쓰여지지 않다가 computer 의 발달로 세상이 너무 편리해지면서 '제대로 작동하지 않는다'는 dysfunctional 이 더 자주 쓰인다는 것이다.   가난할 때 우리의 가정은 화목하며 잘 살겠다는 목표를 향해 마음이 하나였는데 요즈음 가정은 대화 부족등의 원인으로  dysfunctional family (뭔가 부족한 가정, 결손 가족)이 많아지고 있다.   DYSFUNCTIONAL parenting can have long-lasting wrong effects on children. 제대로 부모노릇을 하지 못하면 자녀들에게 오래 지속되는 그릇된 영향을 끼칠 수 있다. 위 문장을 좀 다르게 표현하면 이렇게 된다. DYSFUNTIONAL families must have a negative impact on children. 제대로 작동하지 못하는 가족들은 자녀들에게  부정적인 충격을 안겨줌에 틀림없다. (여기서 must 는 의무가 아니라 강력한 추측을 가리키는 조동사임)   국가의 위기 또한 물질문명의 발달과 함께 고조되고 있다 Anomie with intentional and evil fake news can be seen as a symptom of a DYSFUNCTIONAL society. 고의적이고 악의적인 가짜 뉴스로 인한 사회의 무질서는 질서 잡히지 않는 사회의 병적 증상으로 보여질 수 있다. 우리 사회는 서로 '남탓하며' 무책임하고 혼란스럽게 굴러가고 있다. 국민적 선택까지 뒤숭숭하게 한다. Which one is leading to social unrest, the DYSFUNCTIONAL government or the DYSFUNCTIONAL opposition political party? 사회를 불안하게 이끌어가고 있는 것은 불안정한 정부인가 아니면 제 일을 제대로 못하는 야당일까? 너무 당연하고 잘 이해되는 주장 ㅡ  DYSFUNCTIONAL systems can create DYSFUNCTIONAL people. 제대로 굴러가지 않는 제도가 불안정한 사람들을 창조할 수 있다 (Psychology Today, January 10, 2024) 나는 이 문장을 이렇게 바꿨다. Is it possible for DYSFUNCTIONAL people to make DYSFUNCTIONAL systems 비정적 인간들이 제대로 굴러가지 않는 제도를 만든는 것이 가능할까? 그 답은 정치적 견해가 다르므로 정답이 나올 수 없으나 한가지 분명한 것은 있다. The DYSFUNCTIONAL  organization lacked clear  leadership. 제대로 굴러가지 않는 조직은 뚜렷한 지도력 부족이다. California Eureka     이와 비슷한  Dennis M. Clausen Ph.D. Small Town, USA 1980 up  COGNITIVE DISSONANCE dysfunctional family children from dysfunctional families   ****** Dysfunctionalism the New Norm in M   odern Life? Personal Perspective: We create things to simplify our lives. Posted January 10, 2024 Reviewed by Ray Parker   The dysfunctional family dynamic was caused by a lack of communication wand unresolved conflicts." The sitcom's characters were bawdily dysfunctional. 넓게 Non only Dysfunctional government but also dysfuctional political system can lead to social unrest.   The dysfunctional neighborhood lacked a sense of community. Dysfunctional families can have a negative impact on children. Dysfunctional cultural norms can perpetuate harmful practices. 영구화하 Anomie with intentional and evil fake news can be seen as a symptom of a dysfunctional society.     Dysfunctional political systems can lead to corruption. Dysfunctional belief systems can limit personal potential.   Blaming up is a sign of a dysfunctional team.   The dysfunctional organization lacked clear leadership.   "Who doesn't live in a dysfunctional family? ㅊ   The dysfunctional family argued constantly at the dinner table. Dysfunctional parenting can have long-lasting effects on children.   "Unfortunately, he was just as dysfunctional in his own personal life as they in theirs." The human devastation created by these sorts of dysfunctional families is profound. The baby may not live, due to her dysfunctional heart. KEY POINTS Dysfunctional systems can create dysfunctional people. Everyday life has become so complicated that we are often overwhelmed by the act of living. *************************************** Many writers warned us about the complicated forces that would shape contemporary life. Source: Courtesy of Dennis Clausen     dysfunction (n.) "failure to function, abnormality or impairment of function," 1914, from dys- "bad, abnormal, difficult" + function (n.). Originally in anatomy and medicine; in sociology by 1949. also from 1914 Entries linking to dysfunction dys-  word-forming element meaning "bad, ill; hard, difficult; abnormal, imperfect," from Greek dys-, inseparable prefix "destroying the good sense of a word or increasing its bad sense" [Liddell & Scott], hence "bad, hard, unlucky," from PIE root (and prefix) *dus- "bad, ill, evil" (source also of Sanskrit dus-, Old Persian duš- "ill," Old English to-, Old High German zur-, Gothic tuz- "un-"), a derivative of the root *deu- (1) "to lack, be wanting" (source of Greek dein "to lack, want"). Very productive in ancient Greek, where it could attach even to proper names (such as dysparis "unhappy Paris"); its entries take up nine columns in Liddell & Scott. Among the words formed from it were some English might covet: dysouristos "fatally favorable, driven by a too-favorable wind;" dysadelphos "unhappy in one's brothers;" dysagres "unlucky in fishing;" dysantiblepos "hard to look in the face." function (n.) 1530s, "one's proper work or purpose; power of acting in a specific proper way," from French fonction (16c.) and directly from Latin functionem (nominative functio) "a performance, an execution," noun of action from funct-, past-participle stem of fungi "perform, execute, discharge," from PIE *bhung- "be of use, be used" (source also of Sanskrit bhunjate "to benefit, make benefit, atone," Armenian bowcanem "to feed," Old Irish bongaid "to break, harvest"), which is perhaps related to root *bhrug- "to enjoy." Meaning "official ceremony" is from 1630s, originally in church use. Use in mathematics probably was begun by Leibnitz (1692). In reference to computer operations, 1947. Abandoned computerized fast food ordering stations now look like monoliths in science fiction movies.Source: Courtesy of Dennis Clausen Dysfunctionalism, I have learned, is a psychological disorder. I will leave it to the experts to address that issue. I am more concerned with the possibility that dysfunctionalism in institutions, politics, and the complicated ways we are required to do everyday tasks create a despairing sense of chaos in all areas of our lives. article continues after advertisement If so, we are the product of the dysfunctionalism that surrounds us. Political dysfunction has become so common it feels like we are watching parodies of actual governance. Political actors appear to be auditioning for roles far above their competency levels. Yet, they rail on in the strained, over-the-top dialogue, creating more dysfunctionalism in an already dysfunctional world. Politicians are not the only ones who are perpetuating dysfunctionalism. My own profession has created its share. One of my older colleagues recently commented that when he entered the profession of college teaching, “There was very little bureaucracy.” He added, “Now there is so much bureaucracy, it is becoming almost impossible to teach.” Some of the educational bureaucracy is self-imposed. Other forms of dysfunctionalism come from outside agencies and may even be well-intentioned. However, many of the educational reporting requirements have become so onerous they make teaching extraordinarily difficult. But shouldn’t teaching be the major priority of any educational system and everything else a supplement to that goal? article continues after advertisement Big tech, which has created many time-saving gadgets to simplify mundane tasks, has often complicated our lives to the point where we must devote much of our time to learning and relearning new systems and apps. (Incidentally, what was wrong with the term “software programs?” It was simple. It was direct and easily understood. “Apps” seems more like bulging stomach muscles that need to be toned and flattened.) AI-generated writing programs created even more dysfunctionalism when they forced teachers and professors to pretend that they were eval‎uating student essays—and students had to pretend they wrote them. Will students really learn how to write or think under these conditions? A recent study by D. Graham Burnett, Alyssa Loh, and Peter Schmidt shares an even more critical view of the influence of cell phones and other technological influences on students. They report that teachers and professors agree that “the problem of flighty or fragmented attention has reached truly catastrophic proportions” in our nation’s classrooms. They add, “Increasingly, powerful systems seek to ensure that our attention is never truly ours.” THE BASICS What Is Cognitive Dissonance? Find a therapist near me Should we not expect an increase in dysfunctionalism in a nation that promotes the very technologies that create attention deficit disorders on a massive scale? Why, in the search for simplicity, do we inevitably create more complexity? Is there something in human nature that can’t accept that we may have reached the apex of technological intrusions and other distractions in our lives? Perhaps we should step back and take a closer look at who we are and why we exist in the first place. article continues after advertisement Before making a futile attempt to answer those questions, here are a few more examples of modern dysfunctionalism in everyday life. I visited a fast-food restaurant that had incorporated a stand-alone, computerized menu for customers seemingly trying to escape for a few quiet moments away from their computer-dominated workplaces. They ignored the computerized menu and lined up instead by the counter to place their orders. The computerized menu stood nearby unused, like a rejected suitor at a company dance. Customer service departments, which were created to expedite customer complaints, often have byzantine, unnavigable computer-driven voices that answer phone calls. However, anyone caught up in the bureaucracy of filing a complaint knows it will take an endless loop of transfers to different departments, often with long waiting times, until they reach someone with a real human voice—and that person may send you back to a computer search. COGNITIVE DISSONANCE ESSENTIAL READS There Is No Cure for Your Cognitive Dissonance Why Most People Don't Regret Their Tattoos Then, self-driving functions in cars were presumably built to create simpler, safer modes of transportation. Some of those cars have recently been recalled because drivers used their cellphones or pursued other distractions while driving—thus making their vehicles safety hazards for those who pay closer attention to the road. article continues after advertisement Is there a point in human endeavors when we inevitably create more complexity in all things until everything becomes dysfunctional? Jonathan Swift (1667-1745), the eighteenth-century British satirist, said we should value anyone “Who could make two ears of corn . . . grow upon a spot of ground where only one grew before.” In the modern dysfunctional world, however, the extension of this would be to try to increase the yields of even more ears of corn by using growth hormones and insecticides until the soil becomes so contaminated it can no longer produce a single ear of corn. Furthermore, all of this would be done in the name of progress. Nothing is perfect in an imperfect world. But have we reached the point in our slavish devotion to technological solutions that human life itself is threatened? When that happens, haven’t we passed the point of planned productivity and entered the world of regressive dysfunctionalism? (Yes, I know that sentence could be stated in simpler terms.) Or don’t we see the potentially disastrous consequences of a misstep by technologies lacking human interventions and safeguards? Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) certainly thought we needed to take a long, careful look at the societies we have created and try to return to more simple solutions to problems. His book Walden Pond is a testimonial to the virtues of living simply so as not to skip over the surface of life. But what happens when powerful financial interests decide to exploit Thoreau’s fame and commercialize Walden Pond—thus destroying the very simplicity Thoreau found in the small, unpretentious tree-lined body of water? Fortunately, those with less modern impulses fought off the intrusions into Thoreau’s memorial to a simpler lifestyle and saved it—at least temporarily. Is there something in human nature that will inevitably complicate everything until it creates dysfunctionalism? Is that how great civilizations, throughout time, rise and fall? Is that what the ancient Mayans and Egyptians were trying to communicate in their stone art? The impulse in human nature that is driving us deeper into dysfunctionalism reminds me of yet another American writer and philosopher. In his autobiography, Henry Adams (1838-1918) describes a “Dynamic Theory of History,” a term he coined after viewing the many new inventions at the Paris World’s Fair of 1900. He was deeply concerned that science was promoting change for its own sake without carefully considering its consequences for the human race. He speculated that what we refer to as human progress might be an accelerating pattern of change that is increasing exponentially and dangerously. In other words, what once happened over 100 years would eventually happen over 50 years, and later yet occur over 10 years, and so on. Eventually, these changes would occur so rapidly that they could not be controlled—and the existence of the human race would be threatened by the very technologies that were created to simplify, not complicate our lives. In more vernacular terms that Mark Twain (1835-1910) might have preferred, we may all be on a train approaching an especially dangerous curve, and the engineer at the controls is shouting, “Full speed ahead.”