gelato 어원,freeze의 어원 응달,얼다,쌀쌀하다,차다,썰렁하다 우리말과 인도 드라비다어와의 친연성

[나비우스]

우리말 한자 찰,랭 이란 발음과 중국어의 춥다는 뜻인   冷 렁 이라 발음은 어디서 온 것인가?

우리말 얼다 의 활용형 언 에 해당하는 말이다.

한랭기후 한 차다 찰 이고 랭은 습하고 젖어 춥다는 말이다.

몽골이 겨울에 영하 30도까지 내려가도 체감온도가 우리나라에서 그정도는 아니다.

거기 추위는 건조한 추위 우리는 습하면서 춥기에 더 춥게 느껴지는 것이다.

한 寒 과거 kh발음 칼 찰 할-->한 ,할-->살 

冷 

한국어 랭  냉하다 춥다 냉 으로도 발음 

북경어 렁

일본어 레-

대만어 링 

광동어 라앙 

베트남어 lãnh 라잉 혹은 라인 

터키어 알파벳들  중에서 

j가 c랑 거의 비슷한데 j는 영어 pleasure의 s발음(ʒ)

 c는 영어 juice의 j발음(ʤ)

뭐 우리로선 구분이 그닥 안가지.

j는 반모음적 기질이 있어서 y발음

ㅇ으로 날 수도 있지.

jel 절-->얼 이것이 나라에 따라서는 gel로도 변하지.

j는 d와 g와 함께 변형되기도 해.

그래서 이탈리아 아이스크림 gelato  얼었다-->어원

스페인권에서는 ge gi는 ㅎ으로 발음이 되지.

스페인식이라면 헬라또 ㅋㅋㅋㅋ.

스페인어는 아이스크림을 

helado 엘라도라 하지.

얼얻따--얼었다-->어원

스페인어는 맨 앞에 h발음은 발음 안하거든.

묵음이 되어버리지.

영어의 able도 hable 에서 h가 사라진 거야.

해뿔 해버릴 할 수있는 -->경상도사투리

러시아어에서도 얼음을 

лёд 료트 라고 발음한다.

l-->을 또는 르

m-->음 또는 므

n-->은 또는 느

을다-->얼다--->어원 

약간의 발음이 변화가 일어났지만 모두 우리말 얼다 얼었다 가지고 

발음상 장난치는 거다.

이렇게 언어가 변하니 사람들이 같은 어원인데도 눈치를 

채지 못하는 까닭이지.

Meaning : "cold" | Query method: Match substring

Total of 11 records

Proto-Dravidian : *čaḷ-

Meaning : cold morning

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

 

Eurasiatic: *CalV

Meaning: cold, wind

Altaic: *zăli (also *či̯òlú ( ~ t-) 'ice, hail' 244)

 

Proto-Altaic: *zăli

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: wind

Russian meaning: ветер

Turkic: *jẹl

 

Proto-Turkic: *jẹl

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wind

Russian meaning: ветер

Old Turkic: jel (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jẹl (MK, KB)

Turkish: jel

Tatar: ǯil

Middle Turkic: jẹl (MA)

Uzbek: jel

Uighur: jäl

Sary-Yughur: jel

Azerbaidzhan: jel

Turkmen: jel

Khakassian: čil

Shor: čel

Oyrat: jel, d́el

Halaj: jel

Chuvash: śil

Yakut: sillie 'storm, whirlwind'

Kirghiz: ǯel

Kazakh: žel

Bashkir: jel

Balkar: žel

Karaim: jel

Karakalpak: žel

Salar: jel

Kumyk: jel

Comments: VEWT 195, EDT 916-917, ЭСТЯ 4, 174-175, Лексика 40. Bulg.> Hung. szél 'wind', see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 705-706.

Mongolian: *salki

 

Proto-Mongolian: *salki

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: wind

Russian meaning: ветер

Written Mongolian: salki(n) (L 665)

Khalkha: salxi

Buriat: halxi(n)

Kalmuck: sälkṇ, saĺkṇ

Ordos: salχin

Shary-Yoghur: salGǝn

Monguor: sarki (SM 329), (MGCD salkī)

Comments: KW 318, MGCD 591. Mong. > Turk. salqɨn 'cool day', Oyr. salqɨn etc., Kirgh. salqɨn 'wind' etc., see TMN 1, 341, VEWT 398, Щербак 1997, 209, Лексика 16, 41, ЭСТЯ 7, Stachowski 94.

Tungus-Manchu: *sal-di-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sal-di-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: cool wind

Russian meaning: ветер (прохладный)

Evenki: saldin

Comments: ТМС 2, 58. Attested only in Evk., but having probable external parallels.

Korean: *sar-

 

Proto-Korean: *sar-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: gentle, cool (of wind)

Russian meaning: слабый, прохладный (о ветре)

Modern Korean: sallaŋ, sǝllǝŋ, salgiraŋ

Comments: KED 897.

Comments: АПиПЯЯ 30, 285. Regular except for a somewhat unexpected closed *-ẹ- in Turkic.

Uralic: PVg *šaĺ- 'hoar-frost'

Dravidian: *čaḷ- (or *ǯil- 'cold, chill')

Eskimo-Aleut: *cǝla

 

Proto-Eskimo: *cǝla

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: universe, atmosphere, weather

Russian meaning: вселенная, атмосфера, погода

Proto-Yupik: *cǝla ~ *ǝcla

Proto-Inupik: *cila

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 78

References: Probably 2 roots. ND 294 *C[a]ḷV ( = *ć̣[a]ḷV?) 'cold' (comparing Drav. *čaḷ- with Turk. Sib. čol 'icicle' and IE *(s)kel- > *xoldъ?); 392 *čaĺ(U)gV 'snow, hoar-frost' (Alt. *či̯olu + Ur. + Sem. *čalag-).

Proto-South Dravidian: *čaḷ-

 

Proto-South Dravidian : *čaḷ-

Meaning : cold, chilly

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : caḷi

Tamil meaning : cold, chilliness

Tamil derivates : aḷi, taḷi coolness

Kannada : caḷi, cali, saḷi

Kannada meaning : coldness, cold, coolness, chill, frost, snow, etc.

Tulu : caḷi, cali, sali

Tulu meaning : cold, chilliness, shivering as in ague; cold, chilly

Tulu derivates : cavuḷi, cavuli cold

Miscellaneous : KOR (O) talli cold

Notes : Forms with s- in Kan. and Tulu are probably Tamil borrowings.

Number in DED : 2408

Proto-Telugu : *cal-

 

Proto-Telugu : *cal-

Meaning : cold, low temperature, sensation of cold, chilliness

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : cali

Additional forms : Also [1] calimiri, [2] caluva, [3] callana, [4] callãdamu coolness, cold; calla cool, cold; callãgā̆ in a cool or cold manner, calmly, gently; calidi rice cooked in the evening and kept for use in the following morning, stale food, breakfast

Number in DED : 2408

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *SaL-

 

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *SaL-

Meaning : early morning

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Poya Gadba : calandi "cold rice serving for breakfast"

Additional forms : Also Salur (P) saldi early morning

Notes : The form calandi borrowed from SDR.

Number in DED : 2408

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *CaL-

 

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *CaL-

Meaning : cool; early morning

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Konda : salaŋ

 

Konda : salaŋ

Meaning: cold, cool

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Konda (Burrow/Bhattacharya) : saldi "early morning"

Additional forms : Also Konda salva breakfast; saldi breakfast

Number in DED : 2408

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *cal-

 

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *cal-

Meaning : cool

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Kuwi (Israel) : salma

Additional forms : Also Kuwi_Isr saldi mid-morning

Number in DED : 2408

얼다,동 冬 터키어 

얼다 donmak의 어근 don과 어원이 같다.

돈=동 (비음호환)

몽골어 ХӨЛДӨХ 헐더흐 -->얼다

우리말 얼다도 펄다-->헐다-->얼다 의 과정을 거친 것으로 본다.

영어의 freeze의 어원은 펄었어-->헐었어-->얼었어(어원)

15세기 옛이응은 콧소리 g에 해당하는 발음 

스페인어 congelar 꽁얼어 

프랑스어 gel 얼

이탈리아어 congelare 꽁얼어

구자라트어 Phrījha-->영어의 freeze의 어원이라 보면 됨 발음변형 

힌디어 phreej

펀자브어 Phrīza

칸나다어 Phrīj

타밀어 Uṟaiya 얼어야 

응고 [solidification, 凝固]

액체가 열에너지를 잃고 고체로 상태변화가 일어나는 경우를 말함

액체 따위가 엉겨서 뭉쳐 딱딱하게 굳어짐.

coagulation, clotting, coagulate, congeal, clot

응어리 엉키다 

얼다의 활용형 언<--> 엉--->응 한자발음 

n은 은 또는 응, 음으로 발음이 난다.

Proto-Dravidian : *nāl_- (*-n-)

Meaning : wet; cold

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

 

Eurasiatic: *ńVńkV

Meaning: ice, cold

Altaic: *ńi̯oŋe

 

Proto-Altaic: *ńi̯oŋe

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: cold

Russian meaning: холодный

Turkic: *jEŋ

 

Proto-Turkic: *jEŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: frazil

Russian meaning: шуга, наледь

Khakassian: neŋ

Oyrat: ńeŋ (dial.)

Tuva: čeŋ

Comments: VEWT 197 (if not < unattested South.-Sam.?)

Mongolian: *ǯiŋ-de-

 

Proto-Mongolian: *ǯiŋ-de-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to suffer from cold

Russian meaning: страдать от холода

Written Mongolian: ǯiŋ-de- 3 (L 1057: ǯiŋgine-)

Khalkha: ǯindi-, ǯiŋgene- 3

Kalmuck: ǯiŋdǝ- (КРС)

Ordos: ǯiŋ 'frost'

Shary-Yoghur: ǯiŋgene-

Comments: MGCD 445.

Tungus-Manchu: *ńeŋde- / *ńuŋde-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ńeŋde- / *ńuŋde-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 cold 2 clear, frosty (weather)

Russian meaning: 1 холодный 2 ясный, морозный

Evenki: ńeŋdelē 2

Ulcha: nụŋdụlị 1

Orok: nuŋduli 1

Nanai: noŋǯị-sị 1

Comments: ТМС 1, 653.

Comments: A Western isogloss.

Uralic: *jäŋe

 

Number: 173

Proto: *jäŋe

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: ice

German meaning: Eis

Finnish: jää 'Eis'

Estonian: jää

Saam (Lapp): jiegŋâ -ŋ- (N) 'ice; glacier', jiekŋa (L), jīññ (T Kld.), jieññ (Not.) 'Eis'

Mordovian: ej, ev, eŋ, ij (E), jäj, äj (M)

Mari (Cheremis): i (KB U), ij (B)

Udmurt (Votyak): je̮ (S G), d́ȯ (K)

Komi (Zyrian): ji̮ (S P), ji (Peč.), ju̇ (PO)

Khanty (Ostyak): jöŋk (V), jeŋk (DN), joŋk (O); jĕŋk (V Vj. Trj. DN), jĭŋk (Ni. Kaz.), jiŋk (O) 'Wasser'

Mansi (Vogul): ĺǟŋ (TJ), jɔ̄̈ŋk (KU), jāŋk (P So.)

Hungarian: jég (acc. jeget, dial. gyég' 'Eis, Hagel'

Proto-Samoyed: *jaŋ-ka

Sammalahti's version: *jäŋi

K. Reshetnikov's notes: The Sam. word still seems to belong here. It is not difficult at all to explain its meaning ('ice hole', although FU has only 'ice' (> 'water' and 'hail' in Ug.)), especially if we consider that it is a derivative. A real problem remaining unsolved is the back vowel of the first syllable in Sam. (a result of some specific process caused by the suffixation and/or by positional features?).

References: FUV; MUSz. 143; Donn. VglWb. 364; SKES; SzófSz.; MSzFgrE; TESz.; Paas. Beitr. 25-26; Collinder Comp. Gr. 64, 127, 390

Dravidian: *nān- [or to *ŋańV?]

Eskimo-Aleut: *nǝŋɫi-, *-ŋl-

 

Proto-Eskimo: *nǝŋɫi-, *-ŋl-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: cold, cool

Russian meaning: холодный, прохладный

Proto-Yupik: *nǝŋɫi (-aʁ-), *nǝŋlǝ-

Proto-Inupik: *nǝɣli-, *nǝɣla-

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 228

References: МССНЯ 346; ND 2638 *yäŋ(g)E 'ice; to freeze' (Ur. + Turk. + incorr. Ko.).

Proto-South Dravidian: *nāl_-

 

Proto-South Dravidian : *nāl_-

Meaning : wet

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : nan_ai (-v-, -nt-)

Tamil meaning : to become wet, be moistened, soaked

Tamil derivates : (-pp-, -tt-) to wet, moisten, soak; nan_aivu wet, moisture, humidity; nan_-cey wet lands, wet cultivation; nāntu (nānti-) to become wet; nāntal cloudiness, cloudy weather, dampness

Malayalam : nana

Malayalam meaning : moisture, irrigation

Malayalam derivates : nanayuka to become wet, be moist, be soaked; nanaccal, nanappu, nanavu wetness; nanekka to wet, soak, irrigate; nāntuka to become wet

Kannada : nane, nene

Kannada meaning : to become wet, moist or soaked

Kannada derivates : nanasu, nenasu to make wet, moisten; naneha becoming wet, wetness, dampness; nān (nānd-) to get wet, moist, damp, soaked; nādu to moisten, wet, soak, steep, cool; nāndu to make damp, cool, etc., liquefy, dissolve, melt; (?) nār_u to moisten, wet; (Hav.) nāṇu to lose crispness; nāṇaṭe a cake that has lost its crispness

Kodagu : nele- (nelev-, neland-)

Kodagu meaning : (person) gets wet

Kodagu derivates : nelat- (nelati-) to wet (thing or person); nela- (nelap-, nelat-) to wash (clothes); (Shanmugam) nelap washing (clothes); nena to wet; nenap wetting

Tulu : naṇè

Tulu meaning : wet, moist

Tulu derivates : nanepini, nanepuni, naneyuni, nanevuni to be moist, wet, damp; naneri wet rice

Proto-Nilgiri : *nal_-/*nāl_-

 

Proto-Nilgiri : *nā̆n-

Meaning : wet

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : nanv- (nand-) "to become wet so as to be softened"

Toda : nōl- (nōd_-) "to get wet in rain, (roof) leaks"

Additional forms : Also Kota nant- (nanty-) to wet thoroughly so as to soften; nān- (nānd_-) to become wet in rain; nānc- (nānc-) to make to be wetted; nāt- (nāty-) to make to become wet in rain; Toda nōt_- (nōt_y-) to make to get wet in rain

Notes : Toda -l- is irregular, but finds confirmation in Kod. nele. Thus, assimilation in Kota (and other SDR languages) is not excluded.

Number in DED : 3630

Number in DED : 3630

Proto-Telugu : *nān-

 

Proto-Telugu : *nān-

Meaning : to soak, be steeped

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : nānu

Additional forms : Also [1] nānucu, [2] nāncu to soak, steep; nānuḍu moist, wet, soaked, steeped; [1] nānupu, [2] nānpu soaking; vb. to bleach; nanja wet land, land cultivated by artificial irrigation

Number in DED : 3630

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *Nān-

 

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *Nān-

Meaning : soaked

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kondekor Gadba : nān-ēr- "to be soaked"

Number in DED : 3630

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *nānd-

 

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *nānd-

Meaning : to get wet

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

 

Proto-Dravidian : *nāl_- (*-n-)

Meaning : wet; cold

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

 

Eurasiatic: *ńVńkV

Meaning: ice, cold

Altaic: *ńi̯oŋe

Uralic: *jäŋe

Dravidian: *nān- [or to *ŋańV?]

Eskimo-Aleut: *nǝŋɫi-, *-ŋl-

References: МССНЯ 346; ND 2638 *yäŋ(g)E 'ice; to freeze' (Ur. + Turk. + incorr. Ko.).

Proto-South Dravidian: *nāl_-

Proto-Telugu : *nān-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *Nān-

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *nānd-

Proto-North Dravidian : *nānj-

Notes : Assimilation with initial n-? External data, however, points to an original *-n-.

Proto-Gondi : *nānd- (caus. *nāh-)

Proto-North Dravidian : *nānj-

 

Proto-North-Dravidian : *nānj-

Meaning : cold season

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Malto : nān_ye

Number in DED : 3630

Notes : Assimilation with initial n-? External data, however, points to an original *-n-.