*L.K문법#부사편#(12.3)*
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여기, 2004년 포.영.모.의 비젼과 중흥을 위한
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청년 라이언의 포효를 들어라.
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L.K 프로젝트 , 그 첫번째 , L.K 문법
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월 ~ 금 매일연재중
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*副詞(adverb)*
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기능면: 형용사,동사,타부사수식
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문장부사, 접속부사, 의문부사(5W1H)
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위치면: 관,부,형,명
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형시면:V1+부
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V2+부+a
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V3+O+ly ; V3+ly+O (O가 길 경우)
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V4+IO +ly+DO (tell him precisly that~)
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짧은 부사 + 긴 부사
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원칙: 방,장,시
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(왕래발착동사는 장,방,시)-'어디로'가 더 중요
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ly유무에 따라 의미 달라지는 동사류
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1. late : lately, she didn't sit up late.최근에/늦게
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2. hard : I work hard and play hard.
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I did hardly any work today.
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3 high :They climbed high.높게
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she was highly sensitive about her weakness 대단히
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4. pretty: The situation seems pretty hopeless.
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Mary was prettily dressed. 예쁘게
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5. direct : The next flight doesn't go direct to New York.
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I'll be there directly. 머지않아
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6. dear비싸게 / dearly극진히, near가까이/ nearly거의, right/ rightly정말로, just / justly정당하게, 당연히
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considerately = deliberately 신중하게
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considerablely 상당히
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The current economic crisis caught almost everyone by surprise.
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기습하다
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catch Sb/Sth (by surprise, unprepared, off guard, flat footed)
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almost magazines(X)
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예외1) the very magazines
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2)almost + 부정대명사 (everyone, anyone, anybody, nobody, something, anything, all)
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Almost anyone can do it.
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right (now/off/away) 지금 당장
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It is obviously an important matter in their estimation.
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formal 공식적인
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former 전직의 (전직대통령)
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formerly 전에(in the past)
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grow : 1형식 increase 2형식 become 3형식 기르다
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Even the most jaundiced observer must admit that business is ethically better than it used to be
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부사의 위치
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1. 빈도, 정도 : 일 앞 조be 뒤(원칙) - ever, frequently seldom 등
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I occasionally see jenny at the beach
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2. weekly, every other day, once a month, twice a week 등은 문미
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3. 초점표시 only, also 는 일반적으로 초점어구 앞
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Only you could do a thing like that.
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I have some relatives only in Boston.
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다만 also 는 even 이나 only 와 달리 주어앞에 위치하지 못한다.
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Mary also phoned John today.
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4.왕래발착동사(장방시)
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She arrived there safely yesterday.
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일반적으론 방장시
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Martha read quietly in the library all afternoon.
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arrive 는 완자. 수동태 불가
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that's because Larry also criticizes them.
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어떤 일정한 시점에 인접된 의미 시간표시부사는 보통 본동사 앞에 위치한다
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(afterward, eventually, formerly, presently, previously, lately, recently)
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Begin had hoped to meet with Reagan on his visit, and his aides allowed virtually five days on his schedule so that he could have flied to California if the President-elect had invited him.
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conceivable change of philosophy.
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everyday, annually, twice, threetimes daily 등은 보통 문장 끝에 쓰며 전치사 불가
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This machine is already out of date 벌써 구식이다.
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Has she seen it yet? 벌써
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Have you seen it already? 일이 빠른 데 놀라움
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be동사나 have 동사 뒤 , 문미에 위치
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I've already seen the report.
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still 이 부정문의 주어 뒤에 쓰이면 놀람이나 불만족을 표시한다.
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I still haven't heard from her.
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still 은 be동사 뒤, 일반동사 앞, 의문문에서 조동사본동사 사이, 부정문에서 조동사 앞
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That still did not make it good enough for her. 손해 보충하다 목적성취하다
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far 나 much 는 원급을 수식하지 못함
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very much는 결합해서 쓰지 않음
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very + ing, 일반형용사
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much + p.p , 비교급
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The ticket is far too expensive for me.
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How much is there time for me to wait ?
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Do you realize that you were almost hit by a car?
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She was almost /nearly dead with cold.
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He nearly escaped death.
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No inventor has yet built a musical instrument to match the ingenious flexibility of the human vocal tract, with its rubbery, marvelously mobile walls.
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much the same 거의 똑 같은
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(부사지만 정관사 앞에 위치)
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scarcely, hardly, seldom, never, only when, only if, only after, not until, nowhere, under no circumstances 등이 문두에 올 경우 도치
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He turned on the light (=turned the light on)
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He turned it on(O)
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He turned on it(X)
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Never before have so many people had so much free time and so much money with which to enjoy it.
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He felt his pulse hourly each day.
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How soon (= When) can I have it ready?
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America elects its President and Vice President only once every four years, but election fever sets in more than a year in advance (set in 시작되다)
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부정문의 주어를 any 가 수식할 수 없다.
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Any student didn't solve it.
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before long 오래지 않아 (=soon)
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all the time(문미) = always
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with swiftness 움직임이나 대응력이 빠른
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fast 는 형용사와 부사가 같은 형태
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remind Sb of Sth
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much, far, rather, a bit - 제 2 차적 부사
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It's much too hot for working.
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Seldom do I pause to answer criticism of my work and ideas.
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obligation 의무, 책무
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The luxurious ship launched out majestically on a voyage.
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Her embroidering skill is nearly perfect
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perfect, full, round, empty, dead 등은 자체가 완결성을 지향하므로 비교급 불가
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L.K
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