신진대사(新陳代謝, metabolism)란 우리몸에서 에너지를 소모하는 화학적 작용을 말한다. 물질대사라고도 한다.
물질대사 항목에선 더 원론적(과학적)인 얘기를, 여기선 신체 관련 얘기를 다루도록 한다. 한자어 新陳代謝는 '오래된 것을 새것으로 대체한다'라는 뜻이다.
일본의 소설가이자 영문학자인 나쓰메 소세키가 조어한 것이라고 많이 알려져 있기는 한데 정확한 출전이 불명하다.
대사(代謝)
섭취한 영양물질을 몸 안에서 분해하고 합성하여 활동하는데 필요한 에너지를 만들고 그 밖의 물질은 몸 밖으로 배출하는 일련의 과정들을 말합니다.
■ 陳
형성문자
뜻을 나타내는 좌부변(阝(=阜)☞언덕)部와 木(목), 음(音)을 나타내는 申(신→진)으로 이루어짐. 음(音)을 빌어, 늘어놓다, 한 줄로 늘어놓다의 뜻으로 쓰임.
자원 字源

회의문자
陳자는 ‘베풀다’나 ‘늘어놓다’라는 뜻을 가진 글자이다. 陳자는 阜(阝:언덕 부)자와 東(동녘 동)자가 결합한 모습이다. 東자는 씨앗을 담은 보따리를 묶어 놓은 모습을 그린 것이다. 陳자는 이렇게 보따리를 그린 東자를 응용해 바닥에 짐을 풀어 늘여놓는다는 의미에서 ‘베풀다’나 ‘늘여놓다’라는 뜻을 갖게 되었다.
Metabolic Bone Disease
Metabolic bone disease or MBD refers to a large spectrum of bone disorders, usually caused by mineral abnormalities such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium or vitamin D. The most common metabolic bone diseases include osteoporosis, osteomalacia, rickets, renal osteodystrophy and osteitis deformans (Paget’s disease of bone)
Metabolic bone disease can be caused by a number of factors including vitamin D deficiency, hereditary hypophosphatemia, and hyperparathyroidism (over-activation of the parathyroid gland)
The most common form of metabolic bone disorder is osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density resulting in brittle, fragile bones that are more susceptible to fractures. The condition most commonly affects elderly women. Osteoporosis related fractures are more common at the hips, wrists, or vertebral bodies of the spine. Osteoporosis is called a “silent disease,” because a majority of patients are unaware of their condition until they develop a bone fracture.
Metabolic bone disease in children can result in linear growth reduction, bone deformities, non-traumatic fractures, and impairment of motor development and function.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of MBD is usually made based upon a careful history, physical examination, radiographic (X-rays) examinations, appropriate lab tests, and bone biopsy if indicated.
Treatment
Treatment for MBD depends on the underlying cause. Early detection and treatment of risk factors is essential to maintain the skeletal health of an individual. A balanced diet with adequate amounts of vitamin D and calcium and an adequate amount of physical activity are needed for normal bone metabolism. Your doctor may prescribe osteoporosis medications to help slow the rate of bone loss, and in some cases, to replace the lost bone structure.
Hospital Affiliations
Methodist Hospital (Houston, TX)
CHI - Baylor St Luke’s Medical Center