Calcaneal loading during walking and running. 보행분석을 위한 기초논문

[문형철]

아킬레스 건과 족저근막의 긴장관계

truss mechanism, windlass effect의 관계를 잘 이해하면서 보행과 달리기 메카니즘을 정확하게 이해할 수 있다.

calcaneal loading during walking and running.pdf

ABSTRACT

GIDDINGS, V. L., G. S. BEAUPRE´ , R. T. WHALEN, and D. R. CARTER. Calcaneal loading during walking and running. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 627–634, 2000. 

Purpose: This study of the foot uses experimentally measured kinematic and kinetic data with a numerical model to eval‎uate in vivo calcaneal stresses during walking and running. 

Methods: External ground reaction forces (GRF) and kinematic data were measured during walking and running using cineradiography and force plate measurements. A contact-coupled finite element model of the foot was developed to assess the forces acting on the calcaneus during gait. 

Results: We found that the calculated force-time profiles of the joint contact, ligament, and Achilles tendon forces varied with the time-history curve of the moment about the ankle joint. The model predicted peak talocalcaneal and calcaneocuboid joint loads of 5.4 and 4.2 body weights (BW) during walking and 11.1 and 7.9 BW during running. The maximum predicted Achilles tendon forces were 3.9 and 7.7 BW for walking and running. 

Conclusions: Large magnitude forces and calcaneal stresses are generated late in the stance phase, with maximum loads occurring at  ~70% of the stance phase during walking and at ~60% of the stance phase during running, for the gait velocities analyzed. The trajectories of the principal stresses, during both walking and running, corresponded to each other and qualitatively to the calcaneal trabecular architecture.

- 지면반발력(ground reaction force GRF)

- external load와 internal load의 관계에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않음. 

GRF(ground reaction force) for walking and running

- 걸을 때, 달릴 때 발뒤꿈치, Forefoot head, toe에 가해지는 힘의 분석

- 걷는 동안 부하는 calcaneus와 metatarsal head에 가해짐. 

- 아킬레스 건에서 장력이 발생하고, 족저근막에 장력이 발생하고, ..

- 걸을 때와 달릴 때 인대, 건, 관절에 가해지는 부하의 연구