rpm(revolutions per minute) : 분당 회전수
torque : 도는(돌리는) 힘
torque (n.)
"rotating force," 1882, from Latin torquere "to twist, turn, turn about, twist awry, distort, torture," from PIE *torkw-eyo-, causative of root *terkw- "to twist."
The word also is used (since 1834) by antiquarians and others as a term for the twisted metal necklace worn anciently by Gauls, Britons, Germans, etc., from Latin torques "collar of twisted metal," from torquere.
Earlier it had been called in English torques (1690s). Torque-wrench is from 1941.
토크(torque) : 돌리는 힘, 회전력 또는 모멘트는 물체를 회전시키는 효력을 나타내는 물리량이며, 힘과 받침점까지의 거리의 곱이다.
회전수와는 관계없다. 천천히 돌더라도 힘 있게 도는 것이 있고, 빨리 돌더라도 힘아리 없이 도는 것이 있다
기호는 보통 그리스 문자 τ 다. 돌림힘은 힘과 거리를 곱한 차원을 갖고 있으며, 국제 단위는 뉴턴 미터 또는 라디안 당 줄이다.
What is Torque?
Torque is the measure of the force that can cause an object to rotate about an axis. Force is what causes an object to accelerate in linear kinematics.
Similarly, torque is what causes an angular acceleration. Hence, torque can be defined as the rotational equivalent of linear force.
The point where the object rotates is called the axis of rotation. In physics, torque is simply the tendency of a force to turn or twist.
Different terminologies such as moment or moment of force are interchangeably used to describe torque.
Types of Torque
Torque can be either be static or dynamic. Static torque is a torque that does not produce an angular acceleration. A few examples of static torque are as follows:
• A person pushing a closed-door is applying a static door because the door isn’t rotating despite the force applied.
• Pedalling a cycle at a constant speed is also an example of static torque as there is no acceleration.
The drive shaft in a racing car accelerating from the start line exhibits dynamic torque because it must be producing an angular acceleration of the wheels, given that the car is accelerating along the track.
What is Torque?
Torque is a twisting force that speaks to the engine’s rotational force and measures how much of that twisting force is available when an engine exerts itself.
Torque is present in everyday happenings, such as operating a doorknob, opening a soda bottle, using a wrench, or pedaling a bicycle. It’s torque that’s getting the job done!
Let’s break it down further. Imagine you’re tightening a bolt, using a wrench. You’ll apply some amount of force to the end of the wrench, which is transferred to the bolt at the other end. This applies torque, or a twisting force, to the bolt.
While horsepower is simply measured in horsepower, torque is typically measured in pounds feet (lb.-ft).
Here’s how that works: If we continue with our wrench example and you imagine you’re using a specific one-foot long wrench to tighten a bolt. Applying one pound of force to the end of that one-foot long wrench exerts one lb.-ft of torque on the bolt. More torque can be applied by adding more weight, or, by using a longer wrench.
The lug nuts that attach the wheels to your car typically need to be tightened to about 100lb.-ft of torque — meaning the operator must apply 100 pounds of force to the end of a foot-long wrench.
HOW TORQUE WORKS IN A VEHICLE
All engines, whether gasoline or hybrid, generate a certain amount of both horsepower and torque. The two are related to one another, and both express engine output in different ways.
Torque is even used in the calculation of an engine’s horsepower. Both horsepower and torque are measured to give shoppers a sense of the performance they might expect from their vehicle.
Engines in mainstream cars and trucks typically generate 100 to 400 lb.-ft of torque. That torque is created by the pistons within an engine as they reciprocate up and down on the engine’s crankshaft, causing it to rotate (or twist), continuously. This torque is then transferred to the vehicle’s wheels through the transmission and drivetrain.
Torque output is a result of many variables, including the size of the engine, and how it is designed to operate.
In simple terms, the more torque an engine has, the better suited it is to hard work such as towing, hauling or climbing steep grades. This is why torque is often the figure of utmost importance when moving something big and heavy, like a truck with a trailer attached.
TORQUE VS HORSEPOWER — WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE
Horsepower and torque are different means of expressing the performance of a vehicle’s engine.
What is Horsepower? Horsepower conveys the engine’s overall capability across all conditions. Conversely, torque output conveys the peak output available from that engine, in a specific moment when it’s doing its hardest work.