NGO 뉴스레터 Justpeace 제16호 (2003-7-25)

[인연]

3. 아체

Justpeace News가 아체에 있는 친구들로부터 다음과 같은 내용을 받았습니다. 아래에 나와있는 그 소식 중 일부를 여러분과 함께 나누고 싶군요.

동료 여러분께

우리는 여러분께 평화의 조화가 깨지기 전과 군법이 공표된 후의 아체주 상황을 전하고자 합니다. 우리는 이 소식이 여러분께서 아체주의 현 상황과 이런 모든 상황들이 점점 악화되고 있다는 것을 아실 수 있는 중요한 언급이 되기를 바랍니다.

긴급 군령, 즉 군법은 매가와티 대통령이 2003년 5월 19일에 공표된 Kepress라고 하는 대통령법 No.28/2003 에 의해 공표되었습니다. 50,000명의 군인들이 아체에 배치되었고 그 군에는 인도네시아 육군(Korpassus라 불리는 인도네시아의 무장한 특수부대와 전략적인 지휘력을 가졌습니다), 인도네시아 해군, 그리고 인도네시아 경찰(Bribob) 특수부대가 포함되어 있습니다. 또 많은 수의 탱크와 제트기 그리고 다른 무기까지 있다고 합니다. 군법 공표 후 한달 동안 폭력과 그 폭력의 희생자들은 숫자로 보나 그 비율로 보나 점차 급속도로 증가하고 있습니다. 2003년 5월 19일부터 6월 18일까지 342명의 사람들이 폭력의 희생자가 되었으며 이것은 데이터에 확실하게 나타나 있습니다.

그 데이터를 보면 176명의 살해된 사람들이 있으며(임시재판이나 사형으로 죽은 사람들입니다), 101명의 고문이나 병으로 죽은 사람들, 감금된 50명의 사람들(무고하게 체포되거나 구류된 사람들), 그리고 15명의 실종된(거의 납치되다 시피한) 사람들이 있습니다. 이런 사실들을 본다면 긴급군령은 아체주에서 점차 폭력을 행사하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있습니다.

이러한 폭력 건수들이 수집되고 있지만 몇몇 지역에서는 더 강력해진 군부의 압력으로 인해 더 이상 증거 수집을 할 수가 없습니다. 우리는 이런 지역에서의 시민에 대한 폭력이 우리가 증거수집을 하고 있는 지역보다 더 많다고 생각이 됩니다.

국내 피난민(International Displaced Peoples – IDPs)

2003년 5월 19일에서 6월 18일까지 국내 피난민의 수는 10개 구역내의 16곳에서 40,919명으로 늘어났습니다. 내달부터는 아체 내에서 군법에 저촉되어 있는 피난민들로 인해 그 수가 더 늘어날지도 모르겠습니다. 이런 국내 피난민에는 다음과 같은 부류들이 있습니다.

a. 군에서 마련해놓은 추방기지로 강압적으로 쫓겨나는 마을 주민들이 있습니다.

b. 자유 아체 운동지역의 근거지에서는, 마을 주민들이 군부를 피해 숲으로 쫓기다 시피하고 있습니다. 이것은 모든 사람들을 자유 아체 운동의 멤버들이라고 단정해버린 군부의 계략 중 일부입니다.

이들 국내 피난민은 위생, 음식, 건강등 여러면에서 열악한 환경 하에 살아가고 있습니다. NGO단체들은 이들과 동행하는 것을 허가받지 못하고 있습니다. 국제 인권 운동가들은 아체를 떠나라는 명령을 받았고 그들은 IDPs를 위해 어떠한 도움을 제공하는 것을 허락받지 못하였습니다.

서민들의 경제상황

군법은 서민경제에 영향을 끼치고 있습니다. 보통 이들 서민들은 마을이나 근교에서 살고 있습니다. 그들은 대부분 농부이거나 어부이지요. 현재 군의 입김이 점점 거세지고 있기 때문에 거의 대부분의 마을 활동이 행해지지 못하고 있습니다. 그들 대부분은 군부로 인해 제지를 당하거나 또는 군부의 명령으로 인한 폭력의 희생자가 되는 것을 두려워하고 있기 때문에 그들의 농장을 떠날 수 밖에 없습니다. 한편 농부들의 생산물 가격은 폭락하고 있는데, 그 이유는 소비자들이 운반 곤란으로 사는 것을 꺼려하기 때문입니다. 반면, 일반 공산품의 가격은 급상승하고 있는데, 그 이유는 이것들이 메단(Medan)이나 북수마트라(North Sumatra)등의 여타 다른 지역에서 들어와 물품의 한계가 있기 때문입니다.

위에 있는 설명들을 통해 여러분은 아체주민들, 특히 서민들이 식량의 위기를 맞고 있고, 또 80%의 서민경제가 이미 붕괴되었기 때문에 이런 상황이 계속된다면 상황은 더욱더 나빠질 것이라는 것을 알 수 있으실 겁니다.

인권 운동가들

아체에서 일하고 있는 NGO단체들을 향한 군부의 경고 이후, 인권 운동가들은 군의 공격을 받게 되어 더 이상 현지에서 활동을 할 수 없게 되었습니다. 그들은 아체에서 군법이 시행되고 있는 동안 인권에 관계된 어떠한 감시 활동도 할 수 없게 되었습니다.

몇 명의 인권 운동가들은 체포되거나 실종되기도 하였습니다. 가장 최근에 실종된 사람은 Nurai’ni(22세)입니다. 그녀는 현재Pidie지구의 현지co-ordinator 로서 그녀의 아버지(Zakaria, 72세)와 함께 아체에 있는 납치 사건들과 폭력의 희생자들에 관한 Kontras Aceh 집회와 관계된 적이 있었습니다. 이것은 아체에 있는 인권 운동가들을 향한 새로운 폭력 형태이고 일종의 군의 계략이라고 볼 수 있습니다.

아체에 있는 인권 운동가들은 red-white ID card라고 알려져 있는 새로운 신분증에 대해 걱정하고 있습니다. 아체에 있는 활동가들은 선뜻 그 신분증을 가질 수가 없는데 그 이유는 ID카드를 발급 받기 위해서는 경찰과 군으로 가야 하는데 이들은 인권 운동가들의 이름이 담긴 목록을 가지고 있기 때문입니다.

아체에서 제지를 받는 기자와 외국인

2003년 6월 16일 매가와티 대통령은 대통령법(Kepress) No.43/2003에서 아체에 있는 외국인, 비정부기구, 그리고 기자들에 대한 제한사항을 밝혔습니다. 이 제한 사항에는 다음과 같은 것들이 있습니다. “아체에서 군법이 시행되는 동안 외국인들은 관광이나 여타 다른 활동을 통해서라도 아체를 방문할 수 없다.” (1조1항), “비정부기구는 외국단체, 국제단체, 또는 국내단체이건간에 군법의 목표하는 바나 군의 기대와 부합하지 못하는 활동에 관한 일체의 허가를 받을 수 없다.” (2조1항), “국가 단체나 비정부기구같은 다른 국가출신의 인도주의적 저항에 관한 것은 중앙군법의 지원 하에서 사회부장관과의 협의를 거쳐야 한다.” (2조 2항), “외국기자들이건 외국 언론매체에 정보를 전하는 국내인이건 이들의 활동은 외무부 장관에 의한 심의과정이 수반되어야 한다.” (3조 1항).

아체의 현 상황에 대해 더 많은 정보를 원하시면 여기를 들어가 보세요. http://www.communalconflict.com/ACEH.HTM

Justpeace News Vol.: 1 No: 16 Date: July 2003

Website: http://daga.dhs.org/justpeace To subscribe or unsubscribe send an email to: justpeace@daga.org.hk

===============Internal Links================ 1. Introduction

2. Hong Kong People's Movement

3. Aceh

4. Iraq

5. IDPs

6. Creative Actions for Peace

7. Quotes

========================================

1. INTRODUCTION

"They [leaders] have misled the people by saying, 'Peace!' when there is no peace. And when anyone builds a wall [to hide the truth], those leaders plaster it over with whitewash. So tell those who plaster it over with whitewash that it will fall. A flooding rain will come; and hailstones will fall; and a violent wind will break out. Behold, when the wall has fallen, will the people not ask, 'Where is the plaster with which you plastered it?' So the wall which has been plastered over with whitewash will be broken and brought down to the ground. Its foundation will be laid bare. And the people will see that the wall is gone and its plasterers are gone, along with those prophets who claimed to see visions of peace when there is no peace."

The story above is a paraphrase taken from the prophet Ezekiel (chap 13, versus 10-16). It is a challenge to those working for peace. We must help the people strip the whitewash off of the false walls of promise and hope made by leaders who wish only to promote their own authority and agenda without regard for the good of all. These false promises, like flimsy whitewashed walls, can not bring security or justice.

As we struggle for justpeace, we must always remember that truth is essential to our struggle and when people know the truth, they can become truly free.

2. HONG KONG PEOPLE'S MOVEMENT

Justpeace News #15 was a special issue focusing on the people's movement in Hong Kong against Article 23. The movement against Article 23 has maintained its momentum, but is not focusing simply on Article 23, but also calling for other democratic reforms including the direct election of the chief executive of Hong Kong.

Following the July 1 march that brought at least 500,000 people into the streets of Hong Kong, Mr. Tung Chee Hwa, Chief Executive of Hong Kong, held a press conference in which he expressed surprise that the people of Hong Kong had so strongly voiced their opinion. The transcript of his speech and answers to reports' questions can be found at http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/200307/17/0717228.htm. More information about the movement can be found at http://www.article23.org.hk/english/main.htm.

This movement proves that people do have power and can bring about changes when united and focused.

3. ACEH

Justpeace News received the following report from friends in Aceh. We share parts of it with you below.

Dear colleagues

We would like to hand you a report on the situation in Aceh province before the peace accord collapsed and after Martial law was declared. We hope this will be an important reference to you regarding the situation in Aceh and evidence that things are moving from bad to worse.

Military Emergency, or martial law, was declared by President Megawati through Keppres (Presidential Decree) No.28/2003 declared on 19th of May 2003. 50,000 troops were deployed to Aceh, including the Indonesian army (including special units of the Indonesian armed forces or Kopassus and strategic command of Indonesian armed force), Indonesian air force, Indonesian Navy (marines) and special force units of the Indonesian Police (Brimob) and supported by a large number of tanks, fighter jets, and other military machinery. After a month of martial law violence and victims of violence have rapidly increased in both quantity and intensity. From 19th of May to 18th of June 2003, 342 civilians became victims of violence and those are confirmed data.

They include 176 civilians killed (summary, extra judicial killing and/or execution), 101 civilians tortured and/or ill treated, 50 civilians captured (arbitrary arrest and detention), and 15 civilians disappeared (forced disappearances). Based on these facts, the military emergency has created increased violence in Aceh.

The evidence of violence against civilians was collected from the field but some areas could not be investigated because of the escalation of military repression. We do believe that violence against civilians in those areas is higher than the areas covered by us.

Internally Displaced Peoples (IDPs)

From 19th of May to 18th of June 2003, the number of IDP's has increased to 40,919 in 16 places within 10 districts. In the next months, the number of IDPs might increase because of the pattern of IDP's in Aceh under martial law such as:

a. The villagers forced by military to displacement camps prepared by the military.

b. In the stronghold of Free Aceh Movement areas, the villagers have been forced to flee to the forest areas. This is part of military operation's strategy on naming all people as members of the Free Aceh Movement.

The IDPs have been living under poor conditions, such as sanitation, food and health. NGOs have not been allowed to accompany the IDPs. International humanitarian workers were ordered to leave Aceh and they were not allowed to provide any assistance for IDPs.

The economic situation of grassroots communities

Martial law has affected the economics of grassroots communities. Generally, they are living in villages and rural areas. Mostly they are farmers and fishermen. Because the military operations escalate, almost all of villagers' activity cannot be carried out. Most of them have to leave their farms, whether because they are banned by the military or are afraid to become victims of violence due to the ongoing military operation. Meanwhile, the selling price of farmers' commodities are cheapest because the buyers do not have the courage to buy it and because of transportation problems. The buying price for basic needs is expensive because of a limitation of goods from other province such as Medan, North Sumatera.

From the explanation above you can see that the Acehnese, particularly grassroots communities, have been facing a food crisis and this situation will become worse in the next months because, under the current situation, more than 80% of the grassroots' economy has collapsed.

Human Rights defenders

After the military's warning to NGOs who work in Aceh, human rights defenders have not been able to work in the field as they are attacked by the military. They cannot do any monitoring activities regarding human rights situation in Aceh during martial law.

Some of human rights defenders were arrested and disappeared. The latest was Nurai'ni (22 years). She is the field co-ordinator of Pidie District who was associated with the commission for involuntary disappearances and victims of violence in Aceh, Kontras Aceh, together with her father (Zakaria, 72 years). This is a new pattern of violence against human rights defenders in Aceh as a new strategy of military terror.

Human rights defenders in Aceh are worried about a new model of identity card introduced in Aceh known as the red-white ID card. Activist in Aceh might not be able to get this ID card as the ID card must be gotten from the military and police office while police and military have the list of names of activists in Aceh.

The Journalist and foreigners restricted in Aceh

On 16th of June 2003, President Megawati introduced Presidential Decree (Keppres) No.43/2003 on Restriction of Foreigners, Non-government Organizations and Journalists in Aceh province. Those restrictions say that "during martial law in Aceh province, the foreigners cannot visit to Aceh even for tourism purposes and other activities... (art.1.1)", "non government organizations whether foreign, national or local are not allowed to run any activities that is incompatible to the goal of martial law or along side with military purposes..." (art.2.1), "humanitarian assistance from another countries, world agencies and NGOs must be co-ordinated by the social minister on behalf of the central martial law (military emergency)..."(art.2.2), and "journalistic works whether run by foreign journalists or corespondent who work for foreign media must be selected by the foreign minister ..." (art.3.1).

For more information about the situation in Aceh, go to: http://www.communalconflict.com/ACEH.HTM

4. IRAQ

A) As news reporters tracked troops on the road to Baghdad, much of the suffering and loss of ordinary Iraqi civilians was left untold. Until now. Here, in a compelling dispatch, award-winning foreign correspondent Ed Vulliamy goes in search of their stories. http://www.truthout.org/docs_03/070703G.shtml

B) This compilation of soldier's words, as published in the Christian Science Monitor, Evening Star, Los Angeles Times and several other publications, provides another side of the story of Occupied Iraq. Their words expose both the low morale of the troops and the chaos that currently grips Iraq. http://www.occupationwatch.org/

C) "Falsehoods ranging from exaggeration to plain untruth were used to make the case for war [on Iraq]. More lies are being used in the aftermath." 20 Lies About the War By Glen Rangwala and Raymond Whitaker, published in the Independent.UK looks at 20 lies used to lead us into war. Read the article at: http://www.truthout.org/docs_03/071403C.shtml

D) A study of how the US mass media provided coverage of the US war on Iraq can be found at http://www.fair.org/extra/0305/warstudy.html. A very useful bit of reporting.

5. IDPs

A) "No Place to Go," a video produced by Witness and Burma Issues, looks at the plight of the internally displaced persons in Burma. You can see the video and read more information about IDPs in Burma at: http://www.witness.org/main_staging.html

B) Go to http://daga.dhs.org/daga/home.html for further reading on the situation in Burma. Click on "DAGA Dossiers". You will find a list of publications DAGA has prepared on various issues in Asia. The Dossier entitled "Military and Ethnic Conflicts in Burma" contains many articles that help provide readers with some background information as well as analysis to the issues of the conflict in Burma.

6. CREATIVE ACTIONS FOR PEACE

A) "Back in December, about 400 men, women and children from the Salford Mennonite Church (Pennsylvania USA) put in countless hours - and perhaps millions of stitches - making two quilts they hoped would be a catalyst for peace." Read their story of peacemaking at: http://www.philly.com/mld/philly/news/6285925.htm

B) Over 13,000 poems about peace have been collected by an organization called Poets Against the War. A large number of these poems have been published in an anthology entitled, "Poets Against the War." The efforts of this group to focus the energies of creative people worldwide for peace continues. Read more about their efforts at: www.poetsagainstthewar.org

C) Hopeful Tomorrows has initiated an action called CIRCLES OF HOPE. About this action they say, "In the immediate aftermath of the tragedy of September 11th, 2001, expressions of sympathy and solidarity with the victims poured in from people all over the world. As the victims' family members, we witnessed and received extraordinary acts of compassion. Many visualized a phoenix of peace arising from the ashes of the crash sites."

"But at the same time, a climate of fear emerged, preventing deep discussion of issues surrounding the tragedy, and driving apart people with diverging visions of how to respond to 9/11. We can overcome this fear and rekindle the hope by recognizing that real security comes through our common desire for healing in our fragmented world."

Read more about Hopeful Tomorrows and the Circles of hope at: http://peacefultomorrows.org/

D) The Silence of the Lambswool Cardigans is an interesting article that looks at the dehumanization of production. "There was a time not so long ago when everything was recognizable not just as a cup or a coat, but as a cup made by so-and-so out of clay from this bank on the local river or woven by the guy in that house out of wool from the sheep visible on the hills. Then, objects were not purely material, mere commodities, but signs of processes, human and natural, pieces of a story, and the story as well as the stuff sustained life. It's as though every object spoke -- some of them must have sung out -- in a language everyone could hear, a language that surrounded every object in an aura of its history." http://www.oriononline.org/pages/om/03-4om/Solnit.html

7. QUOTES

A) How the globalisation machine really works: The hidden face of the unregulated global market - its unequal trade treaties and domination by big money. The masters - the transnational corporations and speculators. The overseers - the supermanagers and subservient politicians. The ideologists who justify and defend the system - the free market economists and media pundits propagating the Globalisation Creed.

Who pays the price: The Earth, the environment, and life itself. The victims of rising inequality. Democracy - undermined by the abdication of our political leaders.

What we can do about it: Another world is possible Reclaim the economy so markets serve people not the other way round. Reclaim the commons, to stop destroying Nature. Reclaim democracy to win back control over our own affairs. Resist McWorld. Build alternatives - across the world millions have already started.

From: "Juggernaut Politics:Understanding Predatory Globalization", Jacques B. Gelinas (Zed books, 2003)

B) "All I ask is that, in the midst of a murderous world, we agree to reflect on murder and to make a choice. After that, we can distinguish those who accept the consequences of being murderers themselves or the accomplices of murderers, and those who refuse to do so with all their force and being. Since this terrible dividing line does actually exist, it will be a gain if it be clearly marked. Over the expanse of five continents throughout the coming years an endless struggle is going to be pursued between violence and friendly persuasion, a struggle which, granted, the former has a thousand times more chances of success than does the latter. But I have always held that, if he who bases his hopes on human nature is a fool, he who gives up in the face of circumstances is a coward. And henceforth, the only honorable course will be to stake everything on a formidable gamble: that words are more powerful than munitions." Albert Camus

C) Only a few well-chosen words can make peace. And even then, only when we are willing to fully inhabit those words. To live by them. Sometime within the month, will once again begin publishing new poetry on our web site. May we all find those few right words we can live by. Sam Hamill Artistic Director, poetsagainstthewar.org July 4, 2003

D) "You cannot have peace without justice, you cannot see justice without actively resisting injustice, and you can't nourish a nonviolent resistance without a supportive community." From Voices in the Wilderness

E) "Between a few hundred and a few thousand people die every year from terrorist acts. More than 6 million children die every year from hunger-related causes. Where should our government's spending priorities be?" -- James R. Adair, editor ProgressiveTheology.org

[에이미]

와.. 좋습니다. IDPs는 국내피난민 정도로 통용되는 용어이구요, 인니 대통령은 매가와티라고 씁니다. 번역하신 문체가 아주 부드러운걸요? ^^

[인연]

감사합니다^^ 칭찬받으니까 기분이 무지 좋네여~ 더 열심히 하겠습니당~ 참! 알려주신것들 수정하겠습니다..

[가릉(전상희)]

아체 관련된 기사가 엔지오뉴스77,78(한겨계21)번에도 나와 있거든요. 혹시 관심있으시면 읽어보세용...^^*