근력의 biomechanics중 중요한 하나의 요인 optimal pennation of angle

[문형철]

근력(muscle strength, muscle force)의 최적화를 위한 방안 이해

strength와 power를 구분할 수 있어야

- isolation된 상황이냐? - force 값이고

- integration 상황이냐? - work 값이다..

strength의 관점에서 중요한 순서 by 김송준

1. muscle length tension relationship에 의한 근력생성의 최적화

2. resting length에서의 muscle contraction and tension

3. angle of pennation에 의한 근력생성의 최적화

4.  muscle contraction speed relationship에 의한 근력생성

5. viscoelasticity의 최적화에 의한 힘의 생성

6. size principle에 의한 muscle recruitment pattern의 최적화(co-contraction의 최적화)

power의 관점에서 중요한 순서 by 김송준

1.  size principle에 의한 muscle recruitment pattern의 최적화(co-contraction의 최적화)

2. 

공부하려는 관점은 pennation angle에 의한 근력

Optimal Pennation Angle of the Primary Ankle Plantar and do.pdf

Ultrasonography was used to measure the pennation angle of the human tibialis anterior (TA), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and soleus (Sol). The right and left legs of 8 male and 8 female subjects were tested

at rest and during maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). 

Joint angles were chosen to control muscle tendon lengths so that the muscles were near their optimal length within the length–tension relationship. No differences in pennation angle were detected between the right and left legs. Another consistent finding was that the pennation angle at MVC was significantly greater than at rest for all muscles tested. 

Optimal pennation angles for the TA, MG, and Sol were significantly greater for the men than for the women. Optimal pennation angles for the TA, LG, MG, and Sol for the male subjects were 14.3°, 23.7°, 34.6°, and 40.1° respectively, whereas values of 12.1°, 16.3°, 27.3°, and 26.3° were recorded for the female subjects. 

The results of this study suggest the following: 

(1) similar values for pennation angle can be used for the right and left TA, LG, MG, and Sol; 

(2) pennation angle is significantly greater at MVC than at rest for all muscles tested; and 

(3) sex-specific values for optimal pennation angle should be used when modeling the force-generating potential of the

primary muscles responsible for ankle plantar and dorsiflexion.

참고) gastronecmius and soleus

Figure 3 — The main effect of limb (right vs. left) was not statistically different for any of the muscles tested.

The bars atop each column represent the standard error of the mean.

Figure 4 — Relationship between contraction intensity (rest vs. maximum voluntary contraction [MVC]) and sex. Note that the pennation angle at MVC was greater than at rest for both men and women and that the increase was greater for the male subjects. The bars represent the standard error of the mean at each contraction intensity.

참고) pennation angle

[tommyjung]

결국은 운동의 정확한 방향성!

원래 관절이 가지고 있는 방향성과 그 방향성에서 벗어나면 어김없이 나타나는 회전운동, 그리고 그 힘을 다른 곳으로 전가해버리는 이기심과 나태함?!

핵심은 중력을 다양한 방향성을 가진 주변조직으로의 분산이다!!!