The Size of the Nucleophile. How readily a compound attacks an electron-deficient atom also affects an SN2 reaction. As a rule, negatively charged species (e.g. OH -) are better nucleophiles than neutral species (e.g. H2O, water). There is a correlation between basicity and nucleophilicity: stronger bases tend to be better nucleophiles. Acidity, the ability of an atom to give up a proton (H+), is comparatively relative in molecules whose attacking atoms are approximately the same in size, the weakest going toward the left side of the periodic table. If hydrogen were attached to second-row elements of the periodic table, the resulting compounds would have the following relative acidities:
- (Weaker Acid) NH3 < H2O < HF (Stronger Acid)
If each of these acids were to give up a hydrogen, the result would be its conjugate base, and the relative strengths will reverse. The stronger base now moves toward the left side of the periodic table.
- (Stronger Base) -NH2 > HO- > F- (Weaker Base)
Elements increase in size down the periodic table. Although basicity decreases down the periodic table, nucleophilicity increases as size increases depending on the solvent used.
첫댓글 친핵체의 크기. 얼마나 쉽게 화합물이 전자 부족 원자를 공격할 수 있느냐도 Sn2 에 영향을 준다.. 오늘 요까이.. ㅋㅋㅋ
언제까지 필요해요? 메일 주소 알려주시면 해석 보내드릴께요
아... 마지막 문장. Elements increase~~~~ 이부분만 이해가게 설명해주시면 안되나요? 그 위는 사전보면서 얼추 해석했어요 ㅋㅋㅋㅋ 아무때라도 좋으니 마지막 문장만 이해가게 설명해주시면 감사할께요 ^^