애견 / 방광암

[머쨍이호두]

Bladder Cancer in Dogs

Bladder cancer in dogs accounts for approximately one percent of all canine cancers. It usually has a poor prognosis because it tends to be diagnosed at late stages. This page looks at the symptoms, causes and risk factors, diagnosis and conventional treatment of canine bladder cancer.

 강아지의 방광 암은 모든  암의 약 1 %를 차지하고 있습니다. 대체로 늦은 단계에서 진단되는 경우가 많기 때문에  일반적으로  예후가  좋지않는경우가  있습니다.

 The most common type of malignant bladder tumors in dogs is transitional cell carcinomas (TCC), which usually affects the neck of the bladder in the area called the trigone. Since both ureters from the kidneys empty urine into the bladder in the trigone area, a tumor in this region is inoperable. At times, tumors may also arise in the upper part of the bladder. These tumors are usually more easily removed surgically.

Because bladder cancer in dogs is usually diagnosed at late stages, it has a rather poor prognosis. By the time it is diagnosed, the cancer will have metastasized (spread) to other locations, such as regional lymph nodes, the pelvis, and the lumbar vertebrae.

Survival time ranges from a few weeks to over one year upon diagnosis, depending on factors such as the size and location of the tumor, and whether it has spread to other locations.

If left untreated, dog bladder cancer can lead to complications from urinary tract obstruction (e.g. unable to urinate) within 3-6 months.

Signs of Bladder Cancer in Dogs

개의 방광 암의 증상

er cancer include:

• blood in the urine; 소변에서 피가 나온다
• difficult or painful urination; 고통스럽고 힘든 배뇨.
• urinary incontinence;  방광에 가득찬 뇨
• increased frequency of urination but with passage of only small amounts of urine;
• 배뇨횟수는 증가하지만  소변량은 적다.
• recurrent urinary tract infections. 요로감염 재발

As you can see, these signs are similar to other diseases such as urinary tract infections and bladder stones. As a result, mis-diagnosis can occur and it may be months before bladder cancer is properly diagnosed. Therefore, it is important to request additional tests if your dog is showing any of the above signs and does not seem to be recovering even with treatment.

당신이 볼 수 있듯이, 이러한 증상은 요로 감염과 방광 결석 같은 다른 질환과 비슷합니다. 그 결과, 잘못 진단이 발생할 수 있으며, 방광 암이 제대로 진단되기 전에  전의될수 있습니다. 따라서, 네 개 이상의 증상 중 하나를 표시하고 치료도 회복이  잘 되지 않을 경우 추가 검사를  하는 것이 중요합니다.

Share Your Experience!   결험공유 Join our Dog Cancer Forum Please also read other visitors' experience:  다른 방광암 경험자이야기 들어보기.

• Mercy Girl Dog With Bladder Cancer
• My Dog Was Diagnosed with TCC
• Sammy My Westie Full of Life and Love

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Causes of Bladder Cancer in Dogs

The exact cause of dog bladder cancer is not clear. However, some veterinarians believe that toxins may be one factor. When toxins enter a dog's body, they are processed and eliminated through, amongst other means, urine. These cancer causing toxins and chemicals (carcinogens) excreted in the urine may cause the cells on the bladder and urethra walls to become cancerous.

Risk Factors for Bladder Cancer in Dogs

There are various factors that seem to be linked to the development of canine bladder cancer:

Environmental Chemicals

Environment chemicals such as lawn insecticidal sprays, mosquito sprays, flea and tick dips tend to increase the risk of developing bladder cancer in dogs.

환경 화학

 잔디 insecticidal 스프레이, 모기 스프레이, 벼룩 및 진드기 제 같은 화학 물질이 강아지의 방광 암을 만들고 위험을 증가하는 경향이 있습니다.

Medication Used  치료약물

The drug cyclophosphamide, and its metabolized carcinogenic chemical called acroleinis, is known to cause bladder cancer in dogs. Therefore, if your dog has been treated with this drug, pay careful attention to see if he shows some of the above signs of bladder cancer.

약물 시클로 포스 파 미드 와라는  발암성 화학 acroleinis는 , 강아지의 방광 암의 원인으로 알려져 있습니다. 따라서 귀하의 개가이 약물로 치료가되었는지,  위의 방광암 증상 중 일부를 보여줬는지  확인하고  세심한주의를 기울이십시오.

Genetics  유전

Dog bladder cancer is more common in certain breeds of dogs. Specifically these breeds are most vulnerable:

개 방광암은 특정품정에 잘 나타나는 경향이 있습니다.

• Scottish terriers;
• Shetland sheepdogs;
• Airedales terriers;
• Beagles;
• West Highland white terriers;
• Wirehaired fox terriers.

Gender  성별  ( 암컷에게 더 잘 발병한다는 소리)

Female dogs are affected more commonly than males. Bladder cancer is more commonly found in smaller female dogs that weight 22 pounds or less.

One explanation as to why female dogs are more prone to develop bladder cancer is that female dogs do not urinate as frequently as male dogs, so they have a higher chance of being exposed to carcinogens in the urine. Another explanation is that female dogs have relatively more body fat and, unfortunately, the cancer-causing chemicals are stored and concentrated in fat.

As well, for reason unknown, neutered dogs are at a higher risk than are intact dogs.

Obesity  비만

Obesity is associated with the development of bladder tumors, especially among Scottish terriers.

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Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer in Dogs - 개 방광암 진단

If there is persistent blood in your dog's urine, take her for a complete medical check-up immediately. To diagnose bladder cancer, cytology examination of urine will be used to identify and eval‎uate tumor cells. Complete blood cell count (CBC) will also be used to eval‎uate red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

In addition, abdominal X-rays and ultrasonography will be taken to eval‎uate the location and extent of the bladder tumor, and to check for metastasis.

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Treatment for Bladder Cancer in Dogs - 방광암 치료법

Please note that treatment of bladder cancer is rarely curative. More often than not, treatment only means controlling the cancer temporarily, relieving pain and discomfort caused by partial urinary tract obstruction, making the dog more comfortable and improving her quality of life. As mentioned above, when bladder cancer is diagnosed, usually it is already in a very advanced stage and has already metastasized to other parts of the body, such as regional lymph nodes.

Conventional treatment for canine bladder cancer may include one or a combination of the following:

Chemotherapy  화학요법

The primary treatment for most bladder tumors includes the use of traditional chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin, carboplatin, adriamycin, and mitoxantrone. These drugs do have some effectiveness in controlling bladder tumors.

A newer approach uses a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug called piroxicam (Feldene) which has shown anti-tumor effects against transitional cell carcinoma, as well as decreasing inflammation associated with the tumor.

Remissions of six months or longer have been achieved with chemotherapy. (Read the story of a dog who is fighting bladder cancer with Feldene).

대부분의 방광 종양에 대한 1차 치료는 cisplatin, carboplatin, adriamycin, 그리고 mitoxantrone과 같은 전통적인 화학 요법 약물을 사용합니다. 이러한 마약류는 방광 종양의 일부통제에  효과가 있고. piroxicam (Feldene)라는 비 steroidal 항염증성 약물을 사용합니다.

새로운 접근은 안티 종양 세포 암종 전환에 대한 효과뿐만 아니라 종양과 연관된 염증 감소를 보이고있다

6 개월 이상의 Remissions는 화학 요법과 함께 효과가 있습니다.. (읽기 - 방광 암 싸우고있는 강아지를이야기.)

Surgery  외과

This treatment option is only possible for small masses confined to certain locations in the bladder (upper part of the bladder). Unfortunately, as mentioned above, many transitional cell carcinomas are found in the neck of the bladder, rendering surgery impossible.

이 치료 옵션은 방광의 특정 위치 (방광의 위쪽 부분)에 국한된 작은 부위에 대해서만 가능합니다.  위에서 언급한 바와 같이 많은 전환 세포 carcinomas는 수술이 불가능한데  렌더링, 방광의 입구위치에 가능합니다..

Radiation  방사능

Radiation can be used for local control of TCC growth in the bladder in some dogs. Unfortunately, radiation of the bladder can cause adverse side-effects such as fibrosis, bladder inflammation, and difficulty urinating.

Top 방사선은  강아지의 방광에서 TCC 성장의 로컬 제어에 사용될 수 있습니다.그러나 ,  불행히도 방광의 방사능은 섬유증, 방광의 염증, 그리고  소변보기가 어려운   좋지 않은 부작용이 발생할 수 있습니다

Natural Remedies for Bladder Cancer in Dogs

Many dog parents now turn to natural remedies as an alternative or complementary treatment for canine cancer. If your dog has unfortunately been diagnosed with this terrible disease, it is worth investigating various options, including natural treatments such as herbs, homeopathic remedies, and natural supplements. These remedies may not be able to destroy TCC, they are however effective in strengthening the immune system, making the body stronger to fight against diseases such as cancer.