Difference in selective muscle activity of thoracic erector spinae during prone trunk extension exercise in subjects with slouched thoracic posture.

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PM R. 2015 May;7(5):479-84. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2014.10.004. Epub 2014 Oct 15.

Difference in selective muscle activity of thoracic erector
spinae during prone trunk extension exercise in subjects
with slouched thoracic posture.

Park KH¹, Oh JS², An DH³, Yoo WG⁴, Kim JM⁵, Kim TH⁶, Kang MH⁷.

Author information

• ¹Department of Physical therapy, Masan University, Changwon, South Korea(∗).
• ²Department of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, INJE University 607 Obang-dong,
   Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea, 621-749(†). Electronic address: ysrehab@inje.ac.kr.
• ³Department of Physical Therapy, INJE University, Gimhae, South Korea(‡).
• ⁴Department of Physical Therapy, INJE University, Gimhae, South Korea(§).
• ⁵Department of Physical Therapy, Jeonju Univerisy, Jeonju, South Korea(‖).
• ⁶Department of Physical Therapy, Daegu University, Daegu, South Korea(¶).
• ⁷Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, INJE University, Gimhae, South Korea(#).

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The prone trunk extension (PTE) exercise is often used to strengthen the back extensors.
Although altered trunk posture is associated with movement impairment, the influences of a slouched thoracic posture
on muscle activity of the thoracic erector spinae and thoracic movement during the PTE exercise were overlooked in
previous studies.

OBJECTIVES:

To compare the muscle activity of the erector spinae muscles and the relative ratio of the thoracic and lumbar erector
spinae muscles during a PTE exercise in subjects with and without slouched thoracic posture.

DESIGN:

Cross-sectional.

SETTING:

University motion analysis laboratory.

PARTICIPANTS:

The study included 22 subjects with slouched thoracic posture (defined as ≥40°) and 22 age- and gender-matched
healthy subjects.

METHODS:

All participants performed the PTE exercise.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Bilateral surface electromyographic signals of the longissimus thoracis, iliocostalis lumborum pars thoracis, and
pars lumborum muscles were measured during PTE exercises. Thoracic kyphosis (the angle of T1 minus T12) and

lumbar lordosis (absolute value of the angle of L5 minus T12) were recorded using inclinometers during the PTE exercise.

RESULTS:

The results showed no difference in muscle activity of the erector spinae in subjects with slouched thoracic posture
versus those without during the PTE exercise. However, selective recruitment of the erector spinae pars thoracis was
decreased significantly, and the thoracic kyphotic angle and lumbar lordotic curve were increased, during the PTE
exercise in subjects with a slouched posture.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although the PTE exercise has historically been a key component of correction of hyperkyphosis, the increased spinal
curvature inhibits muscle activation of the erector spinae pars thoracis in these individuals, thus limiting effective strength
gains. Therefore, modified methods to maintain a neutral posture of the spine and facilitate muscle activation of the erector
spinae pars thoracis are needed in these individuals.

Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PMID: 25463688

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