반드시 알아야할 의료 약어- 한국의료코디네이터 능률처

병원코디네이터나 의료통역코디네이터로 근무하다 보면 가장 쉬우면서도 가장 어렵게 다가서는 것이 의료 약어 입니다. 약어의 원 단어를 알면, 그 뜻을 찾기가 쉽겠지만, 대부분 입원기록지나 병원 양식에 약어로 표현되어 있는 경우가 많기 때문이며, 의사외에도  간호사,간호조무사등이 의료 약어를 섞어서 대화하는 경우가 있습니다. 또한, 의료 양식을 해당 언어로 번역할 때, 의료 약어로 인해 어려움을 겪는 경우가 있습니다. 그러나, 가장 많이 활용되고 있는 의료 약어는 제한적이라는 것입니다.  그렇다는것은 많이 활용되는 의료약어를 알면 아주 쉽게 해결된다는 것이죠. ^^ 또한, 왠만한 의료양식 번역에도 무리가 없다는 뜻도 됩니다. 더불어 의사외에도 간호사나 간호조무사 및 의료직원들간의  의사소통에도 상당히 부드러워지겠죠 ^^ =========================================================================================== 가끔, 의료 약어 가지고 직원들간에 서로 위하감을 조성하는 의료 직원들이 있습니다. 모르면 직원들간 서로 가르쳐 주면 되는 의료 약어입니다. 병원에서 알아야 하는 중요한 것은 사실이지만,  아래내용처럼 약어의 잘못 사용시 무거운책임이 따른 다는것입니다.   만약 가끔 쓸데없는 잘난체 하는 인물들이 있는데, 요즘에 뿌리깊은 나무에 나오는 세종 이도 처럼 "지랄하고 자빠졌네" 라고 한마디 하십시요 ^^ 다른 사람이 모르는것에 기뻐하기보단 다른사람 쉽게 이해할수 있고 서로 함께하는 것이 더 즐겁고 행복한 일입니다. ^^    그러나, 반드시 지켜야 하는 사항은 다음과 같습니다.   1. 약어 사용은 가급적 줄인다. 2. 입퇴원기록에는 약어 사용을 금하며 반드시 Full term으로 기록하여야 한다. 3. 중요한 사실에 대한 것은 약어를 사용하지 않는다. 4. 본 약어에 있는 용어를 임의로 만들어 씀으로써 발생한 문제에 대해서는 기록자나 order(오더)를 낸 자가    모든 책임을 져야 한다.     <TABLE class=txc-table style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; FONT-FAMILY: ; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=700 border=0> <TBODY> <TR> <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #000 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #000 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #000 1px solid; WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-BOTTOM: #000 1px solid"> 아래 의료 약어는 공개하지 않은  씨엔텍 출판사의  의료 관광코디네이터 3권 "실용편"에도 수록된 내용입니다. 제 3권 실용편은 의료 코디네이터가 환자에 쉽게 이해시키기 위해 만들어진 것이며, 아래 내용은 영문으로만 보여드립니다.  중국어/일본어/러시어 까지 있습니다만, 약어는 반드시 본인이 스스로 찾는 학습이 잊어먹지 않는 비결입니다.  의료코디네이터분들을 위한 것이니 이점은 양해 바랍니다.  - 한국의료코디네이터 능률처 -      </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>    -3권 실용편 내용 일부 예를들어, 의료양식중  "입원기록지(부)에 일반적으로 포함되어 있는 약어는  다음과 같습니다. 1. C.C : Chief complaint : 주요증상 ( 환자의 주요증상,병원을 찾은 이유등) 2. P/I : Present illness : 현 병력 (증상의 발생 시기 및 상황, 지속시간,정도,악화인자, 증상위치, 완화인자등 기록 ) 3. PMHx : Past medical history :과거 병력      ( 환자가 과거에 앓았던 모든 병과 알레르기기록, 질병,사고,수술,투약 등을 언제,어떻게 받았으며 그결과는 어떠했는지등을 기록) 4. FHx : Family history : 가족력 ( 가족관계나 가족의 병력 기록- 유전병인 경우 가족력을 통해 정보를 얻을 수 있음) 5.SHx : Social history  : 사회력 ( 사회생활, 직업관계, 생활습관 (술,담배,마약, 기호식품등)을 기록                                          - 여성인 경우 추가 사항 : 임신력,월경력,유산경험,성 경험을 기록할수 있슴   ============================================================================================================   Ab// Antibody (사용예 : antiplatelet antibody) ABG// Arterial blood gas ABGA// Arterial blood gas analysis ABO// ABO grouping a.c.// Ante cibum, before meals ACTH// Adrenocorticotrophic hormone ADH// Antidiuretic hormone Af.// Atrial fibrillation AFB// Acid-fast bacillus AFP// Aphafetoprotein Ag// Antigen A/G ratio// Albumin/globulin ratio AI// Aortic incompetence, aortic insufficiency AIDS// Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ALL// Acute lymphocytic leukemia ALP// Alkaline phosphatase ALS// Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALT// Alanine transaminase AML// Acute myelogenous leukemia ANF// Antinuclear factor ANS// Autonomic nervous system AP// Antero-posterior AR// Aortic valve regurgitation ARDS// Adult respiratory distress syndrome ARF// Acute renal failure AS// Aortic valve stenosis ASD// Atrial septal defect ASO(titer)// Antistreptolysin-O titer ATN// Acute tubular necrosis ATP// Adenosine triphosphate Ba E// Barium enema BAL// Bronchoalveolar lavage BBB// Bundle branch block BCG// Bacille Calmette Guerin b. i. d.// Twice a day BM// Bone marrow BMR// Basal metabolic rate BMT// Bone marrow transplantation BP// Blood pressure BPH// Benign prostatic hypertrophy Br.// Bronchial BSA// Body surface area BT// Bleeding time B/T// Body temperature B Wt.// Birth weight C 1-8// Cervical spine segments c.// With Ca// Carcinoma CABG// Coronary artery bypass graft CAH// Chronic active hepatitis Ca/P// Calcium/Phosphorus CAPD// Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis CBC// Complete blood count CBD// Commom bile duct CC// Chief complaint cc// Cubic centimetre CCU// Coronary care unit CDH// Congenital dislocation of hips CEA// Carcinoembryonic antigen CHD// Congenital heart disease CHF// Congestive heart failure Chol.// Cholesterol CIS// Carcinoma in situ CLL// Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cm// Centimetre CML// Chronic myelogenous leukemia CMV// Cytomegalovirus CNS// Central nervous system Conj// Conjunctiva COPD// Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CP// Cerebral palsy CP angle// Costophrenic angle CPK// Creatinine phosphokinase CPR// Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CRF// Chronic renal failure CRP// C-reactive protein C/S// Cesarean section CSF// Cerebrospinal fluid CT// Computed tomography CVA// Cerebrovascular accident CVP// Central venous pressure CxCa// Cervical cancer CXR// Chest X-ray D & C// Dilatation and curettage D/C/B// Dilatation and curettage and biopsy D & E// Dilatation and evacuation Derm.// Dermal or Dermatologic DI// Diabetes insipidus/Drug Intoxication DIC// Disseminated intravascular coagulation DIP joint// Distal interphalangeal joint DM// Diabetes mellitus DNA// Deoxyribonucleic acid DNCB// Dinitrochlorobenzene DOA// Dead on arrival DOB// Date of birth DT// Delirium tremens DTP// Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (vaccine) DTR// Deep tendon reflex EB virus// Epstein-Barr virus ECF// Extracellular fluid ECG// Electrocardiogram EEG// Electroencephalogram EH fever// Epidemic hemorrhagic fever EKG// Electrocardiogram EM// Erythema multiforme, Electron microscope EMG// Electromyogram ENT// Ears, nose and throat EP// Evoked potential ERCP// Endoscopic retrograde cholangio<&>pancreatography ESR// Erythrocyte sedimentation rate EST// Electroshock therapy ESWL// Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy FB// Foreign body FBS// Fasting blood sugar FFA// Free fatty acid FHx// Family history FRC// Functional residual capacity 5-FU// 5-Fluorouracil F/U// Follow up FUO// Fever unknown origin FVC// Forced vital capacity Fx// Fracture GB// Gallbladder GBM// Glomerular basement membrane GERD// Gastroesophageal reflux disease GFR// Glomerular filtration rate GI// Gastrointestinal GIFT// Gamete intrafallopian transfer GP// General practitioner GTT// Glucose tolerance test GU// Genitourinary Gyn// Gynaecology GVHD// Graft-versus-host disease HAV// Hepatitis A virus Hb// Haemoglobin HBV// Hepatitis B virus HC// Head circumference HCG// Human chorionic gonadotropin HCV// Hepatitis C virus H-E stain// Hematoxylin-eosin stain HIV// Human immunodeficiency virus HIVD// Herniated intervertebral disc HLA// Human leukocyte antigen H mole// Hydatidiform mole hrs// Hours H. Simplex// Herpes simplex Ht//Height H. Zoster// Herpes zoster ICF// Intracellular fluid ICH// Intracerebral hemorrhage ICP// Intracranial pressure ICU// Intensive care unit ID// Infectious disease I & D// Incision and drainage Ig// Immunoglobulin IM// Intramuscular INH// Isonicotinic acid hydrazide IQ// Intelligence quotient IU// International unit IUD// Intra-uterine device IV// Intravenous : 정맥 ( 활용예 : "IV Injection"라고 말하면 정맥주사를 말하는 거겠죠 ^^ ) IVH// Intraventricular hemorrhage IVP// Intravenous pyelogram KUB// Kidney, ureter and bladder ℓ// Litre Lt.// Left L1-5// Lumbar spine segments Lab// Laboratory LA// Left atrium LAD// Left anterior descending ; left axis deviation LBBB// Left bundle branch block LC// Liver cirrhosis LDH// Lactic dehydrogenase LE cells// Lupus erythematosus cells L/E// Lower extremity LFT// Liver function test LLL// Left lower lobe LMP// Last menstrual period ; left mentoposterior position of fetus LOA// Left occipito-anterior position of fetus LOP// Left occipito-posterior position of fetus LP// Lumbar puncture L tube// Levin tube LV// Left ventricle LVH// Left ventricular hypertrophy M// Male MCH// Mean corpuscular haemoglobin MCHC// Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration MCV// Mean corpuscular volume mEq// Milliequivalent(s) MI// Myocardial infarction MLC// Mixed lymphocyte culture MMPI// Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory MMR// Measles, Mumps, and Rubella MR// Mitral regurgitation MRI// Magnetic resonance imaging MS// Mitral valve stenosis ; Multiple sclerosis M-T// Mantoux test ND// Not done NFFD// Normal fullterm forceps delivery NFSD// Normal fullterm spontaneous delivery NFVED// Normal fullterm vaccum extracted delivery NGU// Non-gonococcal urethritis NICU// Neonatal intensive care unit NIDDM// Noninsuline dependent diabetes mellitus NL// Normal NMR// Nuclear magnetic resonance NPO// Nothing by mouth NS// Nervous system NSAID// Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug N & V// Nausea and vomiting Occ// Occasionally OHS// Open heart surgery OM// Otitis media OMPC// Otitis media purulent chronic Op.// Operation OPD// Outpatients department PA// Postero-anterior PAPsmear// Papanicolaou smear Para// O+O (2+1) Formula meaning P (number of pregnancies) ; a (number of abortions) : ra (number of living children) ; no live pregnancy + no non-viable pregnancy ; (two live children+one non-viable) PAS stain// Periodic-acid-schiff stain PAT// Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia PBI// Protein bound iodine PD// Peritoneal dialysis PDA// Patent ductus arteriosus PEEP// Positive end expiratory pressure PET// Positron emission tomography PFR// Peak flow rate PFT// Pulmonary function test pH// Symbol for expression‎ of hydrogen ion concentration PICU// Pediatric intensive care unit PID// Pelvic inflammatory disease PIP joint// Proximal interphalangeal joint PM// Post-mortem PMHx// Past medical history p. o.// Per os (Latin) by mouth Post-op// Post-operation ; post-operative p. r. n.// Pro re nata (L) as required PS// Pulmonary stenosis PSVT// Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia Pt// Patient PT// Physical therapy ; Prothrombin time PTA// prior to admission PTCA// Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty PVT// Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia PW// Paragonimus westermani q.// Each/every q. i. d.// Four times a day RA// Right atrium RAD// Right axis deviation RBC// Red blood cell RCA// Right coronary artery Rh// Rhesus factor RI// Radioisotope RLL// Right lower lobe RML// Right middle lobe RNA// Ribonucleic acid R/O// Rule out ROM// Range of motion ROP// Retinopathy of prematurity RR// Respiratory rate Rt.// Right RT// Radiation therapy RTA// Renal tubular acidosis RUL// Right upper lobe RVH// Right ventricular hypertrophy S 1-5// Sacral spinal segments SAH// Subarachnoidal haemorrhage SBE//Sub-acute bacterial endocarditis SC// Sub-cutaneous SG// Specific gravity SGOT// Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase SGPT// Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase SH// Social history SIADH// Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone SLE// Systemic lupus erythematosus SOL// Space-occupying lesion SPECT// Single photon emission computed tomography S-S enema// Soap-solution enema Stat// Immediately STD// Sexually transmitted disease SVT// Supraventricular tachycardia Sx.//Symptoms T// Temperature ; term ; treatment T1-12// Thoracic spine segments T & A// Tonsils and adenoids TA// Traffic accident TAH// Total abdominal hysterectomy TB// Tuberculosis TFT// Thyroid function test THR// Total hip replacement TIA// Transient ischemic attack t. i. d// Ter in die (Latin) three times a day TKR// Total knee replacement TMJ// Temporo-mandibular joint TNM// Tumor Node Metastasis TOF// Tetralogy of Fallot TPN// Total parenteral nutrition TPR// Temperature, pulse, respiration TSH// Thyroid stimulating hormone TURB// Transurethral resection of bladder TURP// Transurethral resection of prostate Tx.// Treatment U// Unit U/A// Urinalysis U/E// Upper extremity UGI// Upper gastrointestinal UGT// Urogenital tract URI// Upper respiratory tract infection U/S// Ultrasound UTI// Urinary tract infection UVL// Ultra-violet light Vac// Vaccination Vag// Vaginal VD// Venereal disease VDRL// Venereal Disease Research Laboratory Vf.// Ventricular fibrillation V/S// Vital sign VSD// Ventricular septal defect VT// Ventricular tachycardia WB// Whole blood WBC// White blood cell WHO// World Health Organization WNL// Within normal limits WPW//Wolff-Parkinson-White W-RBCs// Washed red bloold cells Wt.// Weight XR// Xray yr.// Year