4 형식 예문

[soso]

4 형식

4형식의 특색은 목적이 2개로

간목과 직목이 명사/대명사 및 명사 상당어로 쓰인다
 
5형식의 목보가 명사로 쓰인 경우와 다른점은
4형식은 간목 ≠ 직목이나
5형식은 목적 = 목보이므로
목적 is 목보 관계가 4형식에는 없다는 점이 다르다

If you give a man  a fish,  he eats for a day.

a man ≠  a fish,
a man is not  a fish,

또한 간목 하나만 목적으로 쓸 수는 없으나 직목 하나만 목적으로 쓰일 수 있기에
3형식 전환 때 간목을 전치사구로 고치고 직목을 목적으로 쓰는 것이다

you give a man to a fish (X) 사람을 물고기에게 줄 수 없다
you give  a fish to a man (O)


* 5형식의 목보는 목적을 설명/수식하는 경우라 주어와 보어와 같은 관계다

“Blessed is the man who makes [the Lord] [his trust]” (Psalm 40:4).

[the Lord] = [his trust]

[the Lord] is [his trust] (O)

5형식은 3형식으로 고칠 수 없다
who makes [his trust] /to the Lord. (X)


가. 간목/대명사 + 직목/명사구

Tell                                me                  a story

He   showed              us                     his war medals

Can you tell [me] [the difference between these two sentences]?
반복을 피하기 위해 생략을 할 수는 있다
What's [the difference between these two sentences]?
Can you tell? (can you tell the difference between these two sentences?)

They          gave           it                      a try

    He gave Mary ten dollars.

    He passed Paul the ball.

    Jean read him the books.

    She is baking him a cake.

I did him [a favor] and loaned him [five dollars].

Alexander the metal worker did me [a great deal of harm]. 
you have never yet done [a fellow creature great mischief]

"Maybe I'll just make your decision for turkey easier this year and just hand [you] [one]."

Show us how to teach our children to reject any ideas that do not come from You.

let me know and I’ll find [you] [a directeur].

나. 간목/명사구 + 직목/명사구

He paid her father eight cows!”

 David would have saved [himself and the people under him] [so much trouble] if he would have simply heeded.

When you do get into your room

you will find that the long wait has done [you] [some kind of good //which you would not have had otherwise].

The left-handed Fuentes retired the first two batters

and gave    Alex Rodriguez     the Barry Bonds treatment, intentionally walking the slugger to pitch to lefty Hideki Matsui.

* the Barry Bonds treatment, 야구선수  Barry Bonds 가 홈런을 잘 때리니 투수가 4 ball 로 보내주는 대우를 말함


다. 간목/대명사 + 직목/의문사절

I asked [myself] [why it was in the Creed]

You’d think me simply phony if I told you [how I felt about my own arms].

I asked [Jean] [if we would pass a mall on the way to the hotel].
I asked [him] [what he thought of me before] and he thought that I was really shy.

/to teach us [what is true] and to make us realize what is wrong in our lives.

Dear Lord, Please teach me [what it looks like to walk faithfully with You].

Show me [what it looks like to act justly].
* it = to act justly


 라. 간목/명사/구 + 직목/의문사절

In the parable, the landowner asked [the men //who were idle] [why they were standing there doing nothing],

for there was much work to do in the vineyard.

In the letter, the governor says () he found the Jews working on the temple and asks [the king] [if they had permission to do so].
If you asked [twenty good men today] [what they thought the highest of the virtues], nineteen of them would reply, Unselfishness.

he asks audiences [whether they can go 24 hours /without saying any unkind words about or to anyone].

마. 간목/의문사절 + 직목/명사구


 We’ll give [whoever needs it] [a second chance].


사. 간목/대명사 + 직목/명사절

Did she inform   [you]   [that she had agreed to marry me]?

Thank [You] [that Your unchanging Word transcends the conflicted and evil concepts that dominate our day].

Thank God [that this amazing grace is available to you and me today]!

Audrey was able to convince [the man /on the other end of the line] [that this was no joke]

we passed the pharmacy - which reminded me [that I needed to pick up some vitamins].

His fiancée assured him [that nothing had changed /except a few millimeters of skin].

We thank you [that you are writing stories with each of us individually].

Thank heavens that Columbus was able to convince [the world] [that the earth was round].

While John did not perform any miracles, he had an important job to do

by alerting [everyone] [that someone was coming soon who would take away the sin of the world].

When some people asked John [if he was the Christ], he simply replied, “I am the voice of one /calling in the desert,


아. 간목/명사구 + 직목/명사절

Convince [the most skeptical people among us] [that Christianity is legitimate and worth exploring].

I informed the doctor [that I needed contacts instead of glasses].

I assured  the doctor [that both my brain and I were up for the task].

Unless a child is too young to understand the difference /between fantasy and truth,
parents should teach [their children] /with great emphasis [that truth be told in all situations].

He also showed [us] very clearly [that He is the Great Provider of all our needs].

* 간목과 직목 사이에 낀 부사구
Unless a child is too young to understand the difference /between fantasy and truth,
parents should teach [their children] /with great emphasis [that truth be told in all situations].

He also showed [us] very clearly [that He is the Great Provider of all our needs].

4형식 예문

If you give a man    a fish,  he eats for a day.

If you teach a man   to fish,  he can always eat.

If you give a man   a fire,  he's warm for a day.

If you teach a man  how to make fire,  he will  be warm for the rest of his life.

    The instructor gave   his students          A's.

     Grandfather left    Rosalita and Raoul     all his money.

     Jo-Bob sold          me                          her boat. 

We   bought          David               a birthday cake

Can you   lend   your colleague              a pen?

This one earned [Ken] [a spontaneous round of applause for his honesty].

When they fight, most kids say they yell at their siblings or call them mean names.

If a society can deny [those /with unpopular beliefs] [a place to gather], imagine what it can do with attempts to bring those beliefs into the public square.

He gave them work to do: cultivating and caring for the earth.

full of tools that will save you [oh-so-much time /in the kitchen or at work]

I had promised him an adventure /that morning,

Then, one day, life throws you a major curveball.

through his tears he sang [his bride] [a lullaby that told her one last time], 

You'll not only be doing    that young person     a favor, but one for yourself, too.

These steps show   you    how to clean the fan. 직목으로 명사구가 온경우

I hope that you will give this matter your thoughtful consideration,명사구 직목

It was thirty years /from the time //when God first promised Abraham a son /until he held his little boy, Isaac.


God has assigned [each of my kids] [a certain number of days].

Don’t let any circumstance deny [you] [ the joy of giving thanks].

In addition to purchasing chew toys, a collar, and food,
 we ordered Roman [a nameplate to go on his collar in case he ever gets lost]. 

I will offer You [my grateful heart], for I am Your unique creation, filled with wonder and awe.
          v       io            do

"Take my advice, Studdock," he said. "You'll do yourself no good by getting mixed up with the N.I.C.E.-and, by God, you'll do nobody else any good either."Don’t owe anyone anything, with the exception of love to one another

He provides me [rest /in rich, green fields /beside streams of refreshing water].

they do us little harm; and they may even do us good

God doesn’t promise us a life of health, wealth, and prosperity.

His stance on traditional marriage and opposition to homosexual activists has won him praise and admiration /from many conservative Christians.

But Mimi did not travel all the way /from Kansas /to North Carolina

/to buy [her precious little granddaughter] [a paltry box of Band-Aids]

I should warn [you] [that this is a very strange house]

Grandchildren often remind me [how to find joy in the simple things of life.

Give me eyes to see the needs of the difficult people /in my life,

and show me how to meet those needs in a way that pleases You.

I want me some of that! Don’t you?

God did not give us a spirit //that makes us afrai.

I went into the kitchen one day /to fix Jim a tuna sandwich.

4 형식의 3 형식 전환

give

  Prof. Mortimer gave the students a test.

 Prof. Mortimer gave a test to the students.

hand

  Alan handed me the document.

  Alan handed the document to me.

lend

  Please lend Maria your book.

  Please lend your book to Maria.

pass

  Mother passed me the salt.

  Mother passed the salt to me.

send

  Avery will send the department his registration.

  Avery will send his registration to the department.

show

  Alex showed his father the award.

  Alex showed the award to his father.

tell

  Jay told the audience a hilarious joke.

  Jay told a hilarious joke to the audience.

write

  I'm going to write Angela a long letter tonight

  I'm going to write a long letter to Angela tonight.

little do they know that they have also been feeding them poison.

she told him her suspicions.

He reminded them that He overcame the world.

The apostle Paul wants to remind the believers [how he struggles with all of his strength and with everything within him]

Don’t owe anyone anything, with the exception of love to one another 4형식
Owe nothing to anyone (3형식)

/to teach us [what is true] and to make us realize what is wrong in our lives.
I want to leave my children [a large inheritance]

I’ll get you a chair.

His father managed to get him a job at the local factory.


* 4형식 수동태

문형은 동사를 기준으로 하는데
수동태 주어는 수동태 동사/과분사의 동작을 하는 주체/주어/동작자가 아니고
주어가 하는 동작동사의 특성에 의거하여 문장구조가 구성되는바
수동태로 문장을 분석하는 것은 적절하지 않으므로
능동태로 고쳐서 문장분석을 해야한다

He was told  her suspicions. 그가 말하는 동작을 하지 않음
=>  somebody  told him her suspicions. 4형식