[불교와 정신치료] 불교명상의 마음치유 효과에 관한 연구 : 사마타(止)와 위빠사나(觀) 수행을 중심으로

[기오]

불교명상의 마음치유 효과에 관한 연구 : -사마타(止)와 위빠사나(觀) 수행을 중심으로

A Study on the Effect of Mind Healing in Buddhist Meditation  -Focused on the Practice of Samata and Vipasana

저     자   ;  이교헌

학위논문사항  ;  석사  공주대학교 일반대학원 동양학과

소장기관   ;  공주대학교 도서관 국립중앙도서관

아래의 항목을 클릭하면 관련 파일을 다운받을 수 있습니다

↓

불교명상의 마음치유 효과에 관한 연구 -사마타와 위빠사나 수행을 중심으로.pdf

1.58MB

核心語 : 마음챙김, 알아차림, 呼吸瞑想, 호흡에 대한 알아차림, 健康과 힐링, 禪定과 智慧,

초    록

본 논고는 佛敎瞑想의 呼吸관수행이 마음治癒效果에 대한 연구이다. 初期經典을 중심으로 韓國佛敎의 看話禪 수행법과 南方佛敎의 止觀修行法을 검토하면서 선행논자들의 연구결과와 경전을 비교해 볼 때, 佛敎經典이 서양으로 逆輸入되면서 일부 학자들의 解釋差異와 주장에 차이가 있을 뿐 根本經典의 佛敎 修行法은 붓다의 호흡에 의한 알아차림 수행법에는 변함이 없다는 것을 확인했다. 특히 빨리어 原典이 漢文經典에서 한글경전으로 최근에 보급되면서 학자들 간의 論爭도 줄어들고 문제의 공통점을 찾아 정상적인 수행법이 전해지고 있는 추세로 보인다.

佛敎瞑想의 들숨과 날숨에 의한 呼吸瞑想修行의 지관수행법은 독특한 특징을 가지고 있다. 호흡수행법은 붓다가 직접 수행하며 개발하였고 최초로 깨달음을 증득하였던 수행법으로서 4념처의 身受心法를 모두 성취하고, 사마타 수행과 위빠사나 수행으로 모두 적용하는 止觀雙修로 할 수 있다는 점은 불교의 핵심인 정혜쌍수로 禪定과 智慧를 같이 수행하는 것은 普照國師 지눌의 核心思想이기도 하다. 따라서 다른 수행법들과의 비교분석에서 제시한 止觀呼吸修行法 제 요소들이 모두 다 充足시킨다는 점에서 韓國의 看話禪이나 南方佛敎의 사마타와 위빠사나 수행법이 다를 바가 없다는 것을 재확인 하였다.

佛敎瞑想은 학문과 이론보다는 붓다의 핵심인 호흡수행법을 기반으로 마음 챙김의 실천하는 지관수행법으로 현대인의 명상수행의 대중화를 통하여 마음치유 효과에 더욱 증대될 수 있도록 훌륭한 지도자와 통일된 수행처의 개발이 요구된다. 불교명상을 서양의 정신적 심리응용치료에 적용한다는 것은 분명 東洋 佛敎瞑想에 대한 시대의 새로운 흐름이다. 이제는 불교수행이 불교라는 범위를 넘어서 일상생활속에서도 힐링이 되고 현대인의 레저활동도 될 수 있어서 고통 받고 있는 수많은 사람들을 알아차림 명상으로 마음을 치유하고 般若와 洞察의 빛을 확산하고 있다는 것은 많은 示唆點을 안겨주고 있다.

佛敎瞑想은 貪·瞋·痴 三毒의 苦痛을 제거하고 반야의 증득을 목표로 동양을 중심으로 수행정진해 온 마음수행의 불교명상 수행이지만 명상의 治療的 活用에 관한 연구는 精神心理治療의 醫學界을 비롯한 서양의 心理治療學에서 연구를 하였다. 미얀마 계통의 止觀呼吸 瞑想修行은 구내를 비롯한 세계인의 관심 속에 발전하고 있는 추세이다. 선방을 중심으로 특정인들의 전유물로 행해지던 佛敎 傳統 禪수행의 마음챙김 호흡수행이 서양의 精神心理醫學 系統의 心理相談의 治療師들이 일상생활에 적용하여 현대인의 건강과 힐링이 되었다. 스트레스에 의한 苦痛을 除去하고 병든 마음을 치유하여 智慧와 洞察의 빛을 제공하고 삶의 智慧을 개발하는 불교명상 현대화 과제의 핵심에 이르고 있는 것은 時代的 要請이자 現代人의 時代精神의 과제로 본다.

目 次

Ⅰ. 緖論 ······················································································································1

1. 硏究의 動機와 目的 ·····················································································1

2. 硏究의 方法과 構成 ·····················································································2

Ⅱ. 佛敎瞑想의 槪念 ·······················································································5

1. 佛敎瞑想修行의 由來 ··················································································5

2. 佛敎瞑想의 種類와 差異 ···········································································7

1) 사마타(止)와 위빠사나(觀) ····························································7

2) 看話禪(黙照禪, 祖師禪, 話頭禪) ·················································· 10

3) 參禪과 冥想의 差異 ······································································· 19

Ⅲ. 사마타(止)와 위빠사나(觀) 修行法 ······································22

1. 佛敎瞑想修行의 由來 ················································································22

2. 佛敎瞑想의 種類와 差異 ·········································································26

3. 사마타와 위빠사나의 상호관계 ···························································35

4. 사마타(止)와 위빠사나(觀) 修行의 造化 ········································37

Ⅳ. 佛敎瞑想의 마음 治癒效果 ···························································43

1. 마음챙김과 알아차림 冥想의 治療的 價値 ····································43

2. 마음챙김 冥想의 無我的인 自己理解와 治療 ·······························45

3. 힐링(healing)과 레저(leisure)활동으로서 마음치유 ··················48

Ⅴ. 結論 ····················································································································5

1 參考文獻 ······················································································································54

國文抄錄 ······················································································································58

ABSTRACT ············································································································60