안전벨트를 매주세요.fasten의 어원에 대하여

[나비우스]

영어사전

fasten 

1. (무엇의 두 부분을 연결하여) 매다; 매이다   

2. (단단히) 잠그다   

3. (움직이지 않게) 고정하다

ㅍ-->ㅂ-->ㅁ 발음변천 

팼던-->뱄던-->맸던 혹은 패었던-->배었던-->매었던(어원)

붙었던(어원)

우리말 묶는 밧줄이 있다.

밧줄의 용도는 묶는 것,붙이는 것,연결하는 것이다.

Meaning: "bind" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Altaic: *bā́

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *ba

Meaning: to bind

Altaic: *bā́

Kartvelian: *b-

References: МССНЯ 364, ND 180 *ba.V.

Meaning: to bind

Russian meaning: связывать

Turkic: *b(i)ā-

Tungus-Manchu: *ba-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ba-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to propose for marriage 2 proposed for marriage since childhood

Russian meaning: 1 сватать 2 сосватанные с малолетства

Evenki: ba- 1

Literary Manchu: ba-čixi 2

Comments: ТМС 1, 60.

Korean: *pa

 

Proto-Korean: *pa

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: rope, string

Russian meaning: веревка

Modern Korean: pa

Comments: KED 701.

Japanese: *bǝ́

 

Proto-Japanese: *bǝ́

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: rope

Russian meaning: веревка

Old Japanese: wo

Middle Japanese: wó

Tokyo: wó

Kyoto: wṓ

Kagoshima: wó

Comments: JLTT 503. The Tokyo accent is aberrant (*wò would be expected), but Kyoto, Kagoshima and the RJ gloss (wó) point to *bǝ́.

Comments: EAS 57, SKE 179, Martin 228, ОСНЯ 1, 172, АПиПЯЯ 68. One of the few common Altaic monosyllabic roots. Mong. *baɣu- 'to bind' is probably < Turk. (Щербак 1997, 103). Doerfer's (TMN 2, 254) criticism is unacceptable ("unklar, da kor. Nominalstamm, tü. Verbalstamm").

Proto-Altaic: *bŏ̀t`é

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *bVṭV

Meaning: to bind

Altaic: *bŏ̀t`é

Uralic: *potV ?

Kartvelian: *bad-

Comments: Cf. *ṗVtV

References: ND 174 *bVd[h]E 'to plait' (with some dubious Sem. parallels).

Meaning: to bind

Russian meaning: связывать

Mongolian: *büči

 

Proto-Mongolian: *büči

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: string, rope

Russian meaning: веревка

Written Mongolian: büči (L 143)

Middle Mongolian: buči 'braid, cord, belt' (HY 23)

Khalkha: büč

Buriat: büše

Kalmuck: büčǝ

Ordos: büči

Comments: KW 70. Mong. > Tat. meče- 'to harness an outrunner', Kum. mičew 'tow-line' (with secondary m-), whence Russ. бечева.

Tungus-Manchu: *botā-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *botā-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to tie (with a knot) 2 to be bound, tied

Russian meaning: 1 вязать (узлом) 2 завязаться

Evenki: botō- 1

Even: beteb- 2

Comments: ТМС 1, 97. Cf. also *beti-ke 'the hip part of high boots, trousers' (ТМС 1, 127).

Korean: *pɨ̀th-

 

Proto-Korean: *pɨ̀th-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be attached

Russian meaning: быть прикрепленным, прицепленным

Modern Korean: put- [puth-]

Middle Korean: pɨ̀th-

Comments: Nam 275, KED 846.

Japanese: *pǝ̀ntǝ̀k-

 

Comments: Cf. *pŭ̀ti 'quilt, weave' and *p`út`à 'thread, yarn': the roots are sometimes hard to distinguish.

국어사전

붙들다 

[동사] 1. 놓치지 않게 꽉 쥐다. 2. 사람이나 사물 따위가 달아나지 못하도록 잡다.

영어사전

붙들다 

1. (놓치지 않게) take hold of, hold on (to), cling (on/to);

 (움켜잡다) grip, grasp, clutch

붙들다의 활용형 붓든(붙든)--->어원2

Proto-IE: *pak'-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to fasten, to place

Old Indian: pāśayati `to fasten, bind'; {paś- (pl. instr. paḍbhíḥ) `Schlinge, Strick' [MW: `sight or eye']}, pā́śa- m. `snare, trap, noose, bond, chain'

Avestan: pas- `aneinander befestigen, zusammenfügen', paiti-, ava- `zusammen-, aneinander fesseln', pl. in. fšǝ̄bīš `mit Fesseln', pouru-paxšta- `viel, reich gefaltet'

Old Greek: pássalo-s, att. páttalo-s m. `Pflock, Nagel, Haken, um etw. daran aufzuhängen'; há-paks `einmal'; [ n. kata-paktó-; paktóō `befestigen' - или от pǟ́gnǖmi ]

Germanic: *fánx-a-/fang-á- vb., *fang-ṓ- vb., *fang-á- m., n.; *fang-í- c.; *fáx-r-a-, *fag-r-á- adj.; *fōg-ō f., *fōg-ia- vb.

Latin: pacīscor, -scī, pactus sum (MLat) `ein Übereinkommen machen, einen Vertrag oder Vergleich fest abschliessen', paciō `pactiō' Fest. 250, OLat pacit, pacunt `pacīscitur, pacīscuntur', pactum n. `Vertrag, Steuer'; pāx, pācis f. `Herstellung eines verträgsmässigen Zustands zwischen Kriegführenden, Friede; Veröhnung; Wohlwollen, Erlaubnis

Other Italic: Osk Paakul `*Pāculus', Pakulliis `Pāculius', Pakis `Pācius, Paccius', prupukid `ex praefīnīto, antepactō'; Umbr pase `pāce', adv . paca `causā'; pacri- `propitius, plācātus'

Celtic: *hakni- > OIr dat. accai `Fesselung'

Russ. meaning: прикреплять, устанавливать

References: WP II 2 f

Proto-IE: *pāg'e-

Meaning: to nail, to fasten

Old Greek: pǟ́ssō, att. pǟ́ttō, pǟ́gnǖmi, -nǘō, aor. pǟ̂ksai̯, hom. épǟkto, p. pagē̂nai̯, pf. (act. intr.) pépǟga, pqpf. (tr.) epepǟ́khesan, m. pépǟgmai̯, va. pǟktó-; kata-paktó- (Hdt.) `befestigen, feststecken, zusammenfügen, gefrieren od. gerinnen machen'; pǟ̂gma n. `das Zusammengefügte, Gefüll, Gestell etc.', pǟgó- `fest, dick, stark', nau̯-pǟgó-s `Schiffbaumeister', pǟ̂kasi-s f. `das Festm,achen, áBefestigen, Gerinnen', pǟktó-s, pǟktǟ́ f. `ausgestelltes Netz, Stellbauer', pǟktǟ́ f. `frischer Kase'; antí-pǟkas, -gos f. `Art Kiste', nau̯-pǟgó-s m. `Schiffsbaumeister'; págǟ f. `Schlinge, Fallstrick'; págo-s m. `Felsspitze, Klippe, Hügel'; paktóō `befestigen', páks `genug, nun gut', págos n. `Eis, Reif, Frost', pagetó-s m. `id., pǟ́khnǟ f. `gefrorener Tau, Reif'

Slavic: *pāzъ

Germanic: *fak-a- n.

Latin: pālus, -ī (/ pālum n.) `Pfahl', paxillus, -ī m. `kleiner Pfahl'; pangō, -ere, pepigī/pēgī, pāctum `befestigen, einschlagen'; compāctus, -a `dicht'; impāgēs, -is f. `Leiste', repāgēs, -is f. `Türriegel', prōpāgō, -inis, prō̆pāgēs, -ia f. `Senker, Steckling', pāgina f. `Blatt Papier, Seite; vier Reihen im Viereck gebundener Weinstöcke'; ? pāgus, -ī m. `Landgemeindeverband einer Bauernschaft, Dorf, Gau'; compāgēs, -is f. `Fuge'

Celtic: *hāgio-, *hāgli- > MIr āge `Glied'; āil `angenehm'

Russ. meaning: прибивать, вколачивать, укреплять

References: WP II 2 f

빳빳하다 빡빡하다 

뻣뻣하다 뻑뻑하다 

국어사전

빳빳하다 

1. 물체가 굳고 꼿꼿하다. 2. 풀기가 세거나 팽팽하다. 3. 태도나 성격이 억세다.

영어사전

빳빳하다 

stiff, crisp

우리말의 묶다 ,맺다 

국어사전

묶다 [묵따] 

 1. 끈, 줄 따위를 매듭으로 만들다. 

2. 법령 따위로 금지하거나 제한하다.

영어사전

묶다 

1. (줄·끈 등으로) tie (up), bind; (체인으로) chain; (매듭을) knot   

2. (여럿을 하나...

뭇ㄱ다 -->묶다 

받침 ㄱ<-->ㅂ  호환

일본어 무스부

むすぶ [結ぶ]    

2.매다; 묶다.(↔解く) 3.맺다. 4.관계를 맺다. 

5.끝맺다. 6.결과를 맺다. 7.잡다; 쥐다. 

Proto-Altaic: *mi̯úsu

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *musu(kV) ( ~ -š-, -c`-)

Meaning: knot, tie

Indo-European: *mezgʷ-

Altaic: *mi̯úsu

Meaning: to bind, strand

Russian meaning: связывать, скручивать

Mongolian: *musgi-

 

Proto-Mongolian: *musgi-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to twist, strand (rope)

Russian meaning: скручивать (веревку)

Written Mongolian: musgi- (L 552: muski-, muški-)

Khalkha: mušgi-

Buriat: mušxa-

Kalmuck: moškl-, muškl-

Ordos: mušχi- 'крутить ( о желудке), выкручивать, извиваться ( о змее)'

Dongxian: mušɨɣǝi-

Baoan: mǝśGǝ-

Dagur: morki-

Monguor: mušgi- (SM 252), muśgǝ-

Comments: KW 265, 269, MGCD 495. Mong. > Evk. motki-, see Doerfer MT 127. Cf. also WMong. mösün 'strand of rope' (L 550).

Korean: *mɨsk-

 

Proto-Korean: *mɨsk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bind

Russian meaning: связывать

Modern Korean: muk- [muk:-]

Middle Korean: mɨsk-, mɨs-

Comments: Nam 232, KED 670.

Japanese: *músú(m)p-

 

Proto-Japanese: *músú(m)p-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bind

Russian meaning: связывать

Old Japanese: musub-

Middle Japanese: músúb-

Tokyo: mùsub-

Kyoto: músúb-

Kagoshima: mùsùb-

Comments: JLTT 729.

Comments: Martin 227. ? Cf. Man. maselaqu 'loops, trap' (ТМС 1, 533).

bind

분는다-->붙는다(비음현상)

바짝 간격을 붙이는 것을 말한다.

묶는 것이지.

영어사전

bind 

1. 묶다   2. (붕대 등으로) 감다   3. 결속시키다, 묶다

독일어사전

binden 

1. 매다, 묶다, 동이다;조이다;잇다, 결부시키다, 연결하다 

2. 묶어서 만들다;(머리꽃다발을) 엮다, (비통 따위를) 만들다