1967 Freeman의 4 type mechnoreceptor.pdf
1. mechanoreceptor type 1
1) character
Ø Slow threshold of activation.
Ø Slow to adaptation.
2) Morphology
Ø Found in the superficial layers in joint capsule.
Ø Increased density in proximal joint.
3) Function
ⅰ) To regulate joint pressure changes Direction and Amplitude.
ⅱ) Velosity of joints movement. (∴ Thease changes are measured through the variation the position of the joints).
4) Influence on muscle tone
Ø Continuous
5) Location
Ø Ruffini 소체
2. mechanoreceptor type 2
1) Character
Ø Low threshold of activation.
Ø Rapid adapting.
2) Morphology
Ø Found in the deep layers in joint capsule.
Ø Increased density in distal joint.
3) Function
ⅰ)To measure quick change in movement (Acceleration and Deceleration, in activate in immobile joints).
ⅱ) To help initiate movement to inertia.
4) Influence on muscle tone
Ø Brief, Reflex.
5) Location
Ø Pacinian
3. mechanoreceptor type 3
1) Character
Ø High threshold.
Ø Slow to adaptation.
2) Morphology
Ø Lie in the intrinsic and extrinsic ligament of most ligament.
Ø Sensitive to tension or stretch on the ligaments.
3) Function
ⅰ) To monitor direction of movement(activated the end range of joints movement).
ⅱ) Acts with a reflex efforts to provide a bracking mechanism against a stress of the joints.
4) Influence on muscle tone
Ø Reflex.
5) Location
Ø Golgi tendon, Intrinsic and Extrinsic ligament.
4. mechanoreceptor type 4
1) Character
Ø High threshold.
Ø Nonadapting pain receptor.
2) Morphology
ⅰ) Found in all joint (fibrous capsule, fat pad, intrinsic extrinsic ligament, wall vessels, periosteum).
ⅱ) Not found in fibrocartilage and synovium.
3) Location
Ø Free nerve ending.