spend time in doing something vs spend time doing something

[soso]

spend time in doing something vs spend time doing something

You can say "spend time in doing something", "spend time doing something",

or "spend time on doing something", depending on what exactly you mean to say.

"On" suggests an exchange: you trade time for the activity.

'On' does not fit well here because a person would not expect to get anything back for smoking or drinking.

Devoting time to something usually means excluding other activities from the time in question,

but spending time on something is less suggestive of that.

In fact, spending time in doing something can mean something close to devoting time to it.

In does not fit well here because it suggests that the time was deliberately spent /doing these things.

Another meaning for spending time in something is [spending time surrounded by it],

but that does not fit here either.

To simply convey the fact that you are doing something, use the -ing forms without a preposition.

Notice though that "other such useless things" does not work without a preposition or something to connect it with the first part of the sentence.

어떤 것에 둘러싸여 또는 그것에만 전념하여 시간을 보낸다는 의미라면 전치사가 필요하다

Doing is a good connector since "doing other such useless things" is a parallel form to "smoking" and "drinking".

무엇을 하면서 시간을 보내다는 것은 본동사와 의미 연결이 잘 된다

사전에서도 현분사는 쓰되 전치사를 쓰지 말라고 권고한다

현분사는 시간을 use up 소진하는 일의 시작부터 끝까지 하는 일을 설명한다

If someone does something from the beginning to the end of a period of time,

you say that they spend the period of time doing it.

We spent the evening talking about art.

I was planning to spend all day writing.

Be Careful!

Don't say that someone spends a period of time 'in doing', 'on doing', or 'to do' something.

Don't say, for example, 'We spent the evening in talking about art'.

in은 시작부터 끝까지 있는 어떤 장소에서라는 상황에 쓰인다

If someone is in a place from the beginning to the end of a period of time,

you can say that they spend the time /there.

He spent most of his time /in the library.

We found a hotel where we could spend the night.

또는 동행자와 함께 시간을 처음부터 끝까지 소진한다는 의미로 in을 쓴다

You can say that someone spends a period of time /in another person's company.

I spent an evening with David.

2. 'pass'

You don't usually say that you 'pass time' doing something. Don't say, for example, 'We passed the evening talking about art'.

However, if you do something to occupy yourself while you are waiting for something, you say that you do it to pass the time.

He had brought a book along to pass the time.

To pass the time they played games.

3. 'have'

If you enjoy yourself while you are doing something, don't say that you 'pass' or 'spend' a good time. Say that you have a good time.

The kids are having a good time on the beach.

We had a wonderful time visiting our friends.

위에서 본 바 영어 spend는 우리말의 시간을 보내다, 돈을 사용하다, 노력을 기울이다 등등의 의미로 쓰는데

현분사를 쓸 경우와 전치사구를 쓸 경우가 서로 다른 것을 알 수 있으므로

We had a wonderful time visiting our friends.라는 문장을 설명하면서

We had a wonderful time (in) visiting our friends.이라고 해서는 안 된다는 것을 알 수 있다

spend는 아래의 정의와 용법으로만 써야한다

v.tr. 타동사

1. To use up or put out; expend: spent an hour exercising.

2. To pay out (money).

3. To wear out; exhaust: The storm finally spent itself.

4. To pass (time) in a specified manner or place: spent their vacation in Paris.

5.

a. To throw away; squander: spent all their resources on futile projects.

b. To give up (one's time or efforts, for example) to a cause; sacrifice.

v.intr. 자동사

1. To pay out or expend money.

2. To be exhausted or consumed.

현분사 대신 부정사구를 쓰면 어색하다

I spent time cleaning the house. -- makes sense: you were cleaning

I spent time to clean the house. -- does not make sense: the reason why you spent time was to clean the house.

우리말 해석상은 청소하기 위하여 시간을 소진했다로 말이 되지만

영어인은 말이 안 된다 하니 안 되는 걸로 알아야 하는데 굳이 이유를 따지자면

시간을 소진하는 기간 처음부터 끝까지 줄곧 청소하려는 의도와 이유만을 위해서 소진했기에

실제적으로 청소를 하진 못했다는 것이 되는 것은 부정사의 잠재/미래 특성 때문이기 때문이나

현분사는 실제적으로 하는 진행 동작이기에 시간을 소진하는 처음부터 끝까지 하는 동작이기에 말이 된다

그러므로 청소 이유/목적으로 시간을 소진했다고 쓰면 그건 한글식이지 영어는 아니고

항상 I spent time cleaning my room. 청소하면서 시간을 소진했다는 구조로 쓰기 때문에

I spent time for cleaning my room/to clean my room.으로 전치사나 부정사를 써도 될 것 같지만 안 된다