공무원을 꿈꾸는 사람들™(공꿈사) | 영어 기출문제 풀이 - 2004년 국가직 문제

이번주 토요일에 국가직 시험에 응시하시는 회원님들도 계시죠? 조만간 마지막으로 점검해 보실 수 있는 내용을 간단히 정리해서 올려드리도록 하겠습니다.   오늘은 2004년도에 출제되었던 국가직 문제를 올려드렸습니다.   1. The material in the unconscious is not forgotten or dormant. It has been repressed       because of anxiety producing nature, but its influence on behavior is pervasive. The    unconscious constitutes personality. Much of our behavior is acting out our              unconscious fantasies.   ① widespread       ② persuasive       ③ perverse         ④ negligible 2. In recent years his relatives tried repeatedly to persuade him to give up his trial. He    angrily rebuffed the pleas. Just as his siblings lamented his narrow mind, he            certainly despised their ideas.   ① friends           ② parents          ③ supporters        ④ brothers and sisters   3. The foolish dog took his own shadow on the lake for another dog with a piece of      meat larger than his own, and let go of his own meat so that he could attack the      other dog and get his meat from him. Of course he lost his own meat by this, for it    sank to the bottom and he was not able to get it back.   ① ignored          ② clutched         ③ released           ④ grasped   4. 다음 밑줄 친 단어와 의미가 가장 가까운 것은?    The couple seemed to be talking calmly, when out of the blue she slapped him in the face.   ① all of a sudden                       ② in no time   ③ long before                           ④ in no way   5. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 것은?    ① When have you read the news?   ② He employed a man he thought was diligent.   ③ The garden is all wet ; it must rain last night.   ④ While waiting, I began to feel strangely nervous.     6. 다음 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것은?   ① Please explain to me how to join a tennis club.   ② She never listens to the advice which I give it to her.   ③ My father was in hospital for six weeks during the summer.   ④ The fact that she is a foreigner makes it difficult for her to get a job.   ※ 다음 우리말을 영어로 옮긴 것 중 옳지 않은 것을 고르시오. (7∼8) 7. ① 그 일을 한다면, 어떤 아이라도 비웃음을 받을 것이다.       Any child, who should do that, would be laughed.    ② 그는 곧 집에 돌아올 것이다.      It will not be long before he comes back home.    ③ 어떤 사람들은 별들이 하늘에 붙어 있는 불빛이라고 생각했다.      Some thought that the stars were lights attached to the sky.    ④ 그가 유죄임에는 의심의 여지가 없다.      There is no doubt that he is guilty.     8. ① 인생이 깊고 강해지기 위해 슬픔과 접촉하고 또 슬픔이 섞여야 한다.      Life, to be deep and strong, must be touched and tempered by sadness.   ② 나의 자식들이 그들의 피부색에 의해서가 아니라 그들의 인격에 따라 평가되는 나라에           서 살게 될 날이 올 것이라는 꿈이 나에게는 있습니다.      I have a dream that my children will one day live in a nation where they will not            be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.   ③ 자본주의는 사람들로 하여금 남들의 욕구를 창조적으로 충족시키도록 유도함으로써      기능한다.      The way capitalism does work is by inducing people to satisfy the appetites of               others in imaginative ways.   ④ 나는 문명이 인간의 마음을 누그러지게 하기보다는 무감각하게 했다고 말하겠다.      I would say that civilization has not hardened men's hearts any more than it has softened them.       9.  다음 우화의 내용을 가장 잘 표현한 것은? Lion used to walk about a field in which four bulls lived. Many times he tried to attack them, but whenever he came near they turned their tails toward one another so that whichever way Lion tried to attack, he would have to face the horns of one of them. At last, however, the bulls started arguing with each other, and each went off to a different part of the field by himself. Then Lion attacked them one by one and soon had killed all four.     ① In unity, there is strength.   ② Speed is not everything.   ③ Look before you leap.   ④ Don't count your chickens before they are hatched.     10. 다음 주어진 문장에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?   While cordless drills are ideal portable devices, they are not well suited to masonry work.     A. This is because cordless drills are not as powerful (the drill bit does not revolve                 as fast) and the battery will quickly drain if used to drill into brick.   B. If you intend to use the drill for a lot of non-wood drilling (particularly masonry)              then you should purchase a corded drill.   C. However, for the occasional masonry hole, cordless drills are still adequate.     ① B - A - C                         ② B - C - A   ③ C - A - B                         ④ C - B - A       11. 다음 글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?   While one roommate does research, another chats online with friends, and a third downloads music.   We're pretty sure that we could take a closer look everyday at how the Internet is changing our lives and not run out of things to say. Even our most receptive colleagues who embrace every new piece of new technology have a hard time keeping up with the potential. ① Not long ago during the visit to the University of New Hampshire we noticed how connected the students were to the university's resources as well as the Internet. ② If you want to know what your future may look like, just peek into this dorm at Berkeley where the computer dominates every aspect of these young lives. ③ That's because this dorm, like thousands of others across the country, has recently been wired with high-speed Internet access called Ethernet. ④ It eliminates the need for the slower phone modems they left back home.       12. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?    Among the first animals to land our planet were the insects. They seemed poorly adapted to their world. Small and fragile, they were ideal victims for any predator. To stay alive, some of them, such as crickets, chose the path of reproduction. They laid so many young that some necessarily survived. Others, such as the bees, chose venom, providing themselves, as time went by, with poisonous stings that made them formidable adversaries. Others, such as the cockroaches, chose to become inedible. A special gland gave their flesh such an unpleasant taste that no one wanted to eat it. Others, such as moths, chose camouflage. Resembling grass or bark, they went unnoticed by an inhospitable nature.     ① Natural Enemies of Insects   ② Insects' Strategies for Survival   ③ Importance of Insects in Food Chain   ④ Difficulties in Killing Harmful Insects   ※ 다음 문장의 밑줄 친 곳에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (13∼15) 13.  In educating students for adult work and adult life, American schools try, above all, to be practical. American education has been greatly influenced by the writings of a famous 20th-century philosopher named John Dewey. Dewey believed that the only worthwhile knowledge was knowledge that            . He convinced educators that it was pointless to make students memorize useless facts that they would quickly forget. Rather, schools should teach thinking processes and skills that affect how people live and work.     ① has the right purpose                 ② is common to all people   ③ can be used in a real life             ④ can explain human nature       14.    Some people carry on active social lives with computers - their own or the ones available at terminals in public places like cafes, social centers, libraries, etc. Communicating with others on "bulletin boards", they get to know people they might never meet in a traditional way.    ㉠   , a graduate student in San Francisco, California, has made more than fifty "net friends", including a homeless vegetarian who gets around on roller-blades, an HIV-positive police officer, some members of an Iranian family, an 80-year-old detective, and a medical geneticist who studies DNA. She has gone out on dates with about ten of her "network contacts". In fact, she almost married one. The romance didn't last,      ㉡   . She doesn't blame the computer for breaking up the relationship.          ㉠                        ㉡                     ㉠                    ㉡        ① Therefore         in addition          ② By the way       nevertheless   ③ For example      however            ④ As a result       that is     15.    The mosquito is the insect most willing to duel with man. At one time or another, we have all stood on a bed in our pajamas with a slipper in our hand and our eyes fixed on the ceiling. Faced with man, the mosquito's strategy has evolved. It has learned to be quicker, more inconspicuous and livelier on the takeoff. Some bold mosquitos of the latest generation do not hesitate to hide under their victims' pillows. They have discovered the principle of Edgar Allan Poe's Stolen Letter : the best hiding place is the most obvious one, for we always think of looking farther away for something that is             .   ① so clever                             ② very near   ③ really brave                          ④ quite annoying     16. 다음 문장의 Death Valley 에 대한 설명으로 옳지 않은 것은?    Death Valley doesn't sound like a very inviting place. It is one of the hottest places in the world. The highest temperature ever recorded there was 134 degrees Fahrenheit. That is the highest ever recorded in the Western Hemisphere. And that was in the shade! Death Valley in California covers nearly 3,000 square miles. Approximately 555 squares miles are below the surface of the sea. One point is 282 feet below sea level - the lowest point in the Western Hemisphere. In Death Valley, pioneers and explores faced death from thirst and the searing heat. Yet despite its name and bad reputation, Death Valley is not just an empty wilderness of sand and rock. It is a place of spectacular scenic beauty and home to plants, animals and even humans.   ① 경치가 매우 아름다운 곳이다.   ② 그늘 아래서의 온도가 최고 화씨 134도인 적이 있다.   ③ 많은 개척자들은 갈증과 더위로 죽음에 직면했다.   ④ 면적의 절반 이상이 바다 수면보다 낮다.     17. 다음의 밑줄 친 Janissaries에 대한 설명으로 옳은 것은?       In the 14th century, there was a rather special army corps called Janissaries in Turkey. This army was formed only of orphans. When Turkish soldiers invaded an Armenian or Slav village, they took the very young children and shut them up in a special military school, where they could learn nothing of the outside world. Educated solely in the art of combat, these soldiers turned out to be the best fighters in the whole empire and shamelessly attacked the villages inhabited by their real families. It never occurred to the Janissaries to fight for their kidnappers on the side of their parents. On the other hand, their power grew ceaselessly and ended up worrying a Turkish king, who massacred them and set fire on their school in 1826.   ① They were notorious for kidnapping and killing children.   ② They revenged their parents by killing Turkish soldiers.   ③ They were killed by a Turkish king who had got afraid of them.   ④ They were Turkish soldiers' children who lost their fathers at battlefields.   ※ 다음 대화의 흐름으로 보아 밑줄 친 곳에 들어갈 표현으로 적절한 것을 고르시오.  (18∼20) 18. Girl : This pie's very good. Boy :      ㉠      I like American desserts. Girl : What's your favorite? Boy : Oh, I don't know. Ice cream. I think. Girl :       ㉡       Boy : I see. Next time I will.       ① ㉠ : So mine is.         ㉡ : You can have had ice cream with your pie, then.     ② ㉠ : So is mine.         ㉡ : You must have had ice cream with your pie, then.     ③ ㉠ : So do I.         ㉡ : You may have had ice cream with your pie, then.     ④ ㉠ : So is mine.      ㉡ : You should have had ice cream with your pie, then.     19. A : I'm on my way to the store. Is there anything you'd like me to get? B : Yes. Could you stop at the bakery and pick up a chocolate cake? A : A chocolate cake? B : Yes. It's Marion's birthday. We're having a party. A : Oh, I bet she'll be surprised. Did you invite everyone? B : Yes.                      ① It's all set.                           ② They are finished.   ③ It's out of the question.              ④ I'm through with you.   20. A : Hello? B : Hi, Rafael. This is Alex. A : Oh, hi. Did you get home all right? B : Yeah, thanks, but I want to apologize for last night. It was so dumb of me to put my coffee on the floor. A : Forget about it. B : But it must have made a really ugly stain. I want to pay for the cleaning. A : Listen, Alex,               Accidents happen - at parties especially. B : Well, if you say so, but I really am sorry. A : OK. See you on Monday. Bye now.     ① it's up to you.                       ② it's no big deal.   ③ you can't miss it.                    ④ it couldn't be better.         <A>==========================================================================================</A>     1. The material in the unconscious is not forgotten or dormant. It has been repressed       because of anxiety producing nature, but its influence on behavior is pervasive. The    unconscious constitutes personality. Much of our behavior is acting out our              unconscious fantasies.   ① widespread       ② persuasive       ③ perverse         ④ negligible   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] repressed(억압된, 억눌린) 상태이지만, but pervasive하다.  : repressed에 상대적인 개념이어야 한다는 단서입니다. 그리고, 첫문장에서 not forgotten or (not) dormant 하다는 것이 pervasive를 뒷받침하는 주장이죠.   repressed <-> pervasive not forgotten or (not) dormant ~ pervasive 라는 단서로 pervasive의 의미를 유추할 수 있습니다.   잊혀진 상태도 아니고, 동면하는 것도 아니다(활동하지 않는 것이 아니다) 억압되어 있을 뿐, 이것의 영향력은 pervasive하다.   pervasive : 스며들어가는, 골고루 영향을 주는( permeating, widespread, prevailing)   정답 :  ① widespread           [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. unconscious 무의식의 dormant 동면하는, 잠자는, 활동하지 않는, 잠재되어 있는(latent) repress 억압하다. repressed 억압된, 억눌린 act out 행동으로 옮기다 pervasive  스며들어가는, 골고루 영향을 주는( permeating, widespread, prevailing) persuasive 설득력이 있는 perverse 괴팍한 negligible 무시할 수 있는, 하찮은   2. In recent years his relatives tried repeatedly to persuade him to give up his trial. He    angrily rebuffed the pleas. Just as his siblings lamented his narrow mind, he certainly despised their ideas.   ① friends           ② parents          ③ supporters        ④ brothers and sisters   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] 문맥만으로는 해당 어휘의 의미를 확신할 수는 없지만, his relatives와 유사한 개념의 의미가 될것이란 예측은 해볼 수 있습니다. relative 친척 sibling 형제자매    정답 : ④ brothers and sisters   [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. recent 최근의 persuade 설득하다 rebuffe 거절하다 (rebuffed the pleas : plea간청) lament  슬퍼하다, 애도하다 (lamented his narrow mind) despise 경멸하다  despised their ideas      3. The foolish dog took his own shadow on the lake for another dog with a piece of      meat larger than his own, and let go of his own meat so that he could attack the      other dog and get his meat from him. Of course he lost his own meat by this, for it    sank to the bottom and he was not able to get it back.   ① ignored          ② clutched         ③ released           ④ grasped   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] 아이들이 읽는 유명한 우화의 한 장면이죠. 선택지에서 ② clutched  ④ grasped 는 비슷한 의미단어이고,       ① ignored  ③ released 에서 본문의 let go of의 의미와 같은 의미는?   정답 : ③ released         [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. ignore 무시하다 clutch 꽉 쥐다. release 놓아주다, 석방하다, (영화, 음반) 개봉, 발매하다.  grasp: 움켜잡다, 파악하다       4. 다음 밑줄 친 단어와 의미가 가장 가까운 것은?    The couple seemed to be talking calmly, when out of the blue she slapped him in the face.   ① all of a sudden                       ② in no time   ③ long before                           ④ in no way   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] The couple seemed to be talking calmly she slapped him in the face 분위기가 사뭇 다른 상황이 한 문장 속에서 연결되어 있네요. 이런 급반전의 상황을 표현해 줄 수 있는 부사구 표현은?   ① all of a sudden  갑자기(suddenly) ② in no time  당장(immediately) ③ long before   오래 전에                         ④ in no way 결코 ...않게(not∼at all, by no means)   정답 :   ① all of a sudden       [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. calm 고요한, 차분한, calmly 조용히, 차분히 slap 찰싹 때리다. (slap a person in[on] the face …의 뺨을 찰싹 때리다)      5. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 것은?    ① When have you read the news?   ② He employed a man he thought was diligent.   ③ The garden is all wet ; it must rain last night.   ④ While waiting, I began to feel strangely nervous.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] ① When have you read the news?   have you read는 말하고 있는 시점보다 이것이 먼저임을 보여주는 구조죠. 하지만, 이런 완료구조는 딱 어느 시점의 단절된 과거 사건을 말하는 표현이 아니라, 지속적인 영향이 남아 있음을 표현하는 경우가 많죠. ①의 경우는, 완료구조가 아닌, 단순 과거시제표현으로 When did you read the news? 표현 하는 것이 적절합니다. 굳이 완료구조로 표현하고 싶다면, Since when have you read the news? 라고는 할 수 있겠네요. ※ Since when you have known him? 언제부터 그사람 알고 지내온 거야?   ② He employed a man (he thought) was diligent. 언뜻 목적격 관계대명사로 보여서, 관계대명사를 생략해도 될 듯 보이지만, he thought는 삽입구죠. was의 정체가 무엇인지 생각해 보면, 함정에 빠지지 않을 수 있습니다. was가 숨어 나온 동사고, 주어가 없는 것으로 봐서 관계대명사 뒤에 숨어 나온 것이죠. 주격관계대명사 who를 생략하면 안되죠.   ③ The garden is all wet ; it must rain last night. 말하는 시점은 현재입니다. is all wet. 비가 온것은 그보다 분명히 먼저죠. 조동사(must) 뒤에는 원형동사를 써야하니 rain을 과거동사로 표현할 수는 없죠. 이런 경우, 비가 온것이 분명히 먼저다라는 것을 확실히 표현해 줄 수 있는 방법은? - 완료구조죠! must have rained : The garden is all wet ; it must have rained last night.   ④ While waiting, I began to feel strangely nervous.  살짝 원칙에 어긋나 보이는 구조죠? 숨겨주는  while이 있는데 정작 뒤에는 숨어나오는 동사는 없고 변신한 waiting만 나왔습니다. 문법적으로는 분사구조로 보면서, while 뒤에 주어와 be동사가 생략된 구조로 설명하게 됩니다. 이 부분은 이렇게 정리해 두세요. Waiting, I began to feel strangely nervous.  으로 표현해도 원칙을 정확히 원칙을 지킨 구조가 되죠. 여기에 의미를 분명히 해주기 위해 while을 표현해 준것으로 생각하면 됩니다.※ vol 1, p31   정답 : ④       6. 다음 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것은?   ① Please explain to me how to join a tennis club.   ② She never listens to the advice which I give it to her.   ③ My father was in hospital for six weeks during the summer.   ④ The fact that she is a foreigner makes it difficult for her to get a job.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] ① Please explain to me how to join a tennis club. explain은 사람을 설명하다는 의미는 없죠. 따라서, explain뒤에 사람을 두려면 전치사의 도움이 필요합니다. explain me(X), explain to me(O) join은 언뜻 우리말로 생각하면 to와 같은 전치사가 필요할 듯 하지만, 어디에 가입하다라는 모임같은 것을 표현할 때 바로 목적어를 붙여 사용하면 되는 타동사입니다. join to the club(X) join the club(O) "Explain to me", "Join our club"을 한 표현으로 익혀두는 것이 좋겠죠?   ② She never listens to the advice which I give it to her. 분명 which는 관계대명사이고, 따라서 뒤에 문장은 허전~해야 하죠? 하지만, 허전하지 않군요. it이 빠져줘야 맞는 문장이죠. 관계대명사 표현 구조가 어법이나 문법성 문제로 출제되면 제일 먼저 확인해 봐야 할 것이 관계대명사 뒤가 항상 허전해야 한다는 포인트입니다. 주어가 없거나 목적어가 없어야 하죠.   정답 :  ②       ※ 다음 우리말을 영어로 옮긴 것 중 옳지 않은 것을 고르시오. (7∼8) 7. ① 그 일을 한다면, 어떤 아이라도 비웃음을 받을 것이다.       Any child, who should do that, would be laughed.    ② 그는 곧 집에 돌아올 것이다.      It will not be long before he comes back home.    ③ 어떤 사람들은 별들이 하늘에 붙어 있는 불빛이라고 생각했다.      Some thought that the stars were lights attached to the sky.    ④ 그가 유죄임에는 의심의 여지가 없다.      There is no doubt that he is guilty.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] laugh라는 동사는 '웃다'라는 의미의 동사죠?  laugh만으로는 '비웃다'라는 의미를 전달할 수는 없습니다. 뒤에서 도움을 받아야 하죠.※ vol 2, p17~19) laugh at (전치사 at이 도와주면 비웃다라는 의미가 되죠.) ※ laugh away(off) 웃어넘기다 laugh out 소리내어 크게 웃다    정답 : ①   ② It will not be long before he comes back home. It will not be long before 마치 숙어처럼 한 표현으로 쓰이죠. before뒤에 시제를 현재(comes)로 표현해야 한다는 것을 어법문제로 자주 출제됩니다.   ③ Some thought that the stars were lights / attached to the sky. thought ~ ...라고 생각했었다(하지만, 아니더라) attached : 의미상 ed변신이 적절하죠? (attaching이라고 하면 틀리죠) ※ vol 2, p13   ④ There is no doubt that~ 역시 숙어처럼 한덩어리로 자주 표현되죠. that뒤에 숨어나오는 구조가 아닌, 변신으로도 표현할 수 있는데, There is no doubt of his being guilty. 전치사(of)와 의미사의 주어를 his(소유격)으로 표현되는 것을 눈여겨 볼 필요가 있습니다.       8. ① 인생이 깊고 강해지기 위해 슬픔과 접촉하고 또 슬픔이 섞여야 한다.      Life, to be deep and strong, must be touched and tempered by sadness.   ② 나의 자식들이 그들의 피부색에 의해서가 아니라 그들의 인격에 따라 평가되는 나라에           서 살게 될 날이 올 것이라는 꿈이 나에게는 있습니다.      I have a dream that my children will one day live in a nation where they will not            be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.   ③ 자본주의는 사람들로 하여금 남들의 욕구를 창조적으로 충족시키도록 유도함으로써      기능한다.      The way capitalism does work is by inducing people to satisfy the appetites of               others in imaginative ways.   ④ 나는 문명이 인간의 마음을 누그러지게 하기보다는 무감각하게 했다고 말하겠다.      I would say that civilization has not hardened men's hearts any more than it has softened them.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] ① Life, to be deep and strong, must be touched and tempered by sadness. to변신해서 부사역할을 하는 구조(to be deep and strong)가 주어와 동사 사이에 삽입된 구조입니다.   ②  I have a dream that my children will one day live in a nation where they will not            be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.   a dream = that 이하. (동격절이라고 하죠?) a nation where 관계부사 표현도 적절합니다. 마틴 루터킹의 I have a dream이라는 유명한 연설문에서 인용한 문장이네요. ③  The way (capitalism does work) is by inducing people to satisfy the appetites of               others in imaginative ways. is가 뿌리임을 빨리 알아 볼 수 있다면 큰 무리 없이 문장구조를 파악할 수 있네요. does work가 숨어 나온 동사(does는 강조의 역할), 즉 관계부사 how가 생략된 표현이죠. 유사한 표현 중에 the reason why라는 표현은 문법적으로 오류가 없다고 보지만, 유독 The way how에서는 반드신 how를 생략해야 맞는 구조로 본다는 것도 다시 한번 점검해 둘 필요가 있겠네요. 여기서 The way <STRIKE>how</STRIKE> capitalism does work is...라고 했다면 틀린 문장이 됩니다.   ④ I would say that civilization has not hardened men's hearts any more than it has softened them. 복잡해 보이지만 의외로 오류는 쉽게 눈에 띄죠? 무감각하게 했다고 했으니, not hardened에서 not이 필요없죠. 이 문제는 A is not B any more than C is D : C가 D가 아닌 것과 같이, A도 B가 아니다.라는 표현과 섞어놔서 혼동을 유도한 문제입니다.   정답 :   ④         9.  다음 우화의 내용을 가장 잘 표현한 것은? Lion used to walk about a field in which four bulls lived. Many times he tried to attack them, but whenever he came near they turned their tails toward one another so that whichever way Lion tried to attack, he would have to face the horns of one of them. At last, however, the bulls started arguing with each other, and each went off to a different part of the field by himself. Then Lion attacked them one by one and soon had killed all four.     ① In unity, there is strength.   ② Speed is not everything.   ③ Look before you leap.   ④ Don't count your chickens before they are hatched.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] 4마리의 황소가 뭉쳐서 사자에 대항할 때는 사자가 공격을 할 수 없었지만, 그들이 다투고, 흩어지자(each went off to a different part of the field ) 사자들이 하나씩 공격해서 금방 4마리 모두 죽였다는 이야기. ^^ 언제나, 문맥의 흐름이 전환되는 however뒤에서 분명한 단서를 잡아 낼 수 있죠.   ① In unity, there is strength. 힘을 합치면 낫다는 거죠.(Two is better than one) ② Speed is not everything.  속도가 중요한 것이 아니다. 일을 확실하게 해야 한다. ③ Look before you leap. 국가직에서는 이 표현을 좋아하는 군요.^^ 행동하기 전에 잘 살피고 조심해야 한다는 거죠. ④ Don't count your chickens before they are hatched. 병아리가 부화되기 전에 미리 병아리 수를 세려하지 말라. 김치국부터 마시지 말라는 거죠.   정답 : ①       10. 다음 주어진 문장에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?   While cordless drills are ideal portable devices, they are not well suited to masonry work.     A. This is because cordless drills are not as powerful (the drill bit does not revolve                 as fast) and the battery will quickly drain if used to drill into brick.   B. If you intend to use the drill for a lot of non-wood drilling (particularly masonry)              then you should purchase a corded drill.   C. However, for the occasional masonry hole, cordless drills are still adequate.   ① B - A - C                         ② B - C - A   ③ C - A - B                         ④ C - B - A   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] While cordless drills are ideal portable devices, they are not well suited to masonry work. 비록, 아이디얼한~이지만, ~에는 잘 안맞을 수도 있다.   (예를 들어 줘야 겠죠?) B. If you intend to use the drill for a lot of non-wood drilling (particularly masonry)              then you should purchase a corded drill. (예를 들어) 만일 ~할 의도였다면, (그거 대신 이걸로)~해야 하다.   (왜 그런지 설명해 줘야겠죠?) A. This is because cordless drills are not as powerful   그래도 원래 사용하던 그것은 상황에 따라, 여전히... C. However, for the occasional masonry hole, cordless drills are still adequate.   정답 : ① B - A - C    [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. cordless 무선의 (유선 : corded) portable 휴대 가능한 revolve 회전하다 drain 배수하다(물을 빼다), 소모되다 (the battery will quickly drain) adequate 알맞는, 적절한 ※ mason 석공 masonry 석공술       11. 다음 글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? While one roommate does research, another chats online with friends, and a third downloads music.   We're pretty sure that we could take a closer look everyday at how the Internet is changing our lives and not run out of things to say. Even our most receptive colleagues who embrace every new piece of new technology have a hard time keeping up with the potential. ① Not long ago during the visit to the University of New Hampshire we noticed how connected the students were to the university's resources as well as the Internet. ② If you want to know what your future may look like, just peek into this dorm at Berkeley where the computer dominates every aspect of these young lives. ③ That's because this dorm, like thousands of others across the country, has recently been wired with high-speed Internet access called Ethernet. ④ It eliminates the need for the slower phone modems they left back home.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] While one roommate does research, another chats online with friends, and a third downloads music. 한명은 ~하고, 다른 한명은, 그리고 세번째 친구는 .... 이 문장이 들어갈 곳의 바로 앞에서 '이들에 대한 언급'이 있었겠죠?   If you want to know ..., just peek into this dorm at Berkeley where the computer dominates every aspect of these young lives. 알고 싶다면, 살짝 옆보자... 이들 젊은이 들의 모든 면을 지배하는 ...   정답 : ③   [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. receptive 거부감 없이 받아들이는, 수용력이 풍부한 (our most receptive colleagues ) embrace  포옹하다, 기꺼이 받아들이다  (embrace every new piece of new technology) peek  살짝 엿보다   (peek into this dorm ) dominate 지배하다  (dominates every aspect of these young lives.) called  ~라 불리는  (called Ethernet) eliminates 제거하다 (eliminates the need for )     12. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?    Among the first animals to land our planet were the insects. They seemed poorly adapted to their world. Small and fragile, they were ideal victims for any predator. To stay alive, some of them, such as crickets, chose the path of reproduction. They laid so many young that some necessarily survived. Others, such as the bees, chose venom, providing themselves, as time went by, with poisonous stings that made them formidable adversaries. Others,such as the cockroaches, chose to become inedible. A special gland gave their flesh such an unpleasant taste that no one wanted to eat it. Others, such as moths, chose camouflage. Resembling grass or bark, they went unnoticed by an inhospitable nature.     ① Natural Enemies of Insects   ② Insects' Strategies for Survival   ③ Importance of Insects in Food Chain   ④ Difficulties in Killing Harmful Insects   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] insect에 대해 언급하면서 시작하고 있습니다. 가장 먼저 지구상에 등장했지만, 작고 약해서 적응하기 어려워 보이는 이들이...  To stay alive 살아 남기 위해. 무엇 무엇을 해왔다... 그리고 이 주제 방향을 한 방향으로 유지하면서 이하 문장에서는 Others, such as... 라는 구조로 다른 insect를 예로 들면서 주장을 뒷받침 해주는 구조의 지문입니다.   정답 : ② Insects' Strategies for Survival   [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. adapt  적응하다  (seemed poorly adapted to ) ※ adapt (환경에) 적응하다 adept 정통한, 숙달한 adopt 받아들이다, 양자/양녀로 삼다 laid  놓다, 알을 낳다 (laid so many young) ※ (눕다) lie - lay - lain , (놓다) lay - laid - laid ,  (거짓말하다) lie - lied - lied poisonous 독성이 있는 (poisonous stings) formidable 무시무시한, 얕잡아 볼 수 없는 ( formidable adversaries ) inedible 먹을 수 없는  (chose to become inedible) unpleasant  유쾌하지 않은  (such an unpleasant taste ) inhospitable 친절하지 않은  (an inhospitable nature) unnoticed  주의를 끌지 않는, 관심에서 벗어난 (unnoticed by an inhospitable nature.)       ※ 다음 문장의 밑줄 친 곳에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. (13∼15) 13.  In educating students for adult work and adult life, American schools try, above all, to be practical. American education has been greatly influenced by the writings of a famous 20th-century philosopher named John Dewey. Dewey believed that the only worthwhile knowledge was knowledge that            . He convinced educators that it was pointless to make students memorize useless facts that they would quickly forget. Rather, schools should teach thinking processes and skills that affect how people live and work.     ① has the right purpose                 ② is common to all people   ③ can be used in a real life            ④ can explain human nature   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] 'above all 무엇보다도', 이 표현이 'to be practical'이 이 글에서 강조하는 부분임을 알려주고 있습니다. 실용성이 주제라는 거죠. 지문도 길지 않고 난해한 구문도 없기 때문에 빠르게 내용을 확인 할 수 있습니다. 첫 문장에서 제시한 주제가 방향이 바뀌지 않고 한 방향으로 유지되고 있습니다.   따라서 중간에 들어갈 내용은, 첫문장에서 제시한 주제, '실용성'과 부합하는 내용일테죠? 그리고 바로 뒷문장에서도 그것을 확실하게 보여 주고 있습니다. "학생들에게 금새 잊을 것을 암기 시키는 것은 의미없는 일이다."   정답 : ③ can be used in a real life                [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. practical 실제적인, 실용적인 influence  영향을 주다  (has been greatly influenced by ) named ~라 불리는  named John Dewey worthwhile ~할 가치가 있는, 시간과 노력을 투자할 만한 ( worthwhile knowledge ) convince 확신시키다  (He convinced educators that ~) pointless 의미없는 (It is pointless to ~) useless 쓸모 없는  (useless facts) thinking 사고하는, 생각하는  (thinking processes ) affect 영향을 미치다 (주로 나쁜 영향을 의미하지만, 여기서는 그렇지는 않군요.)   14.    Some people carry on active social lives with computers - their own or the ones available at terminals in public places like cafes, social centers, libraries, etc. Communicating with others on "bulletin boards", they get to know people they might never meet in a traditional way.    ㉠   , a graduate student in San Francisco, California, has made more than fifty "net friends", including a homeless vegetarian who gets around on roller-blades, an HIV-positive police officer, some members of an Iranian family, an 80-year-old detective, and a medical geneticist who studies DNA. She has gone out on dates with about ten of her "network contacts". In fact, she almost married one. The romance didn't last,      ㉡   . She doesn't blame the computer for breaking up the relationship.          ㉠                        ㉡                     ㉠                    ㉡        ① Therefore         in addition         ② By the way       nevertheless   ③ For example      however            ④ As a result       that is   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] Some people 로 시작해서, ~ 중간에 a graduate student ...즉 그들 중 한명에 대한 이야기를 하고 있는 구조입니다. 예를 들고 있는 것이죠.  ③ For example 가 강력 후보군요.       In fact, she almost married one. The romance didn't last,      ㉡   . 사실 거의 결혼할 뻔 했다,   (?)  로맨스는오래 지속되지 않았다. (last가 동사죠?) 연결관계는 however가 적절하죠.   정답 : ③ For example      however                  15.    The mosquito is the insect most willing to duel with man. At one time or another, we have all stood on a bed in our pajamas with a slipper in our hand and our eyes fixed on the ceiling. Faced with man, the mosquito's strategy has evolved. It has learned to be quicker, more inconspicuous and livelier on the takeoff. Some bold mosquitos of the latest generation do not hesitate to hide under their victims' pillows. They have discovered the principle of Edgar Allan Poe's Stolen Letter : the best hiding place is the most obvious one, for we always think of looking farther away for something that is             .   ① so clever                             ② very near   ③ really brave                          ④ quite annoying   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] Some bold mosquitos of the latest generation ~에서 단서를 주고 있습니다. 자신이 공격할 사람을 victim(희생자)로 표현했고, 사람들이 베고 자는 베개에 숨기도 한다고 했네요. 즉, 가까운 곳에 있다는 것이 단서죠.   ② very near   [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. duel  결투하다  (willing to duel with man)   cf) dual 둘의, 이중의 fixed 고정된 (fixed on the ceiling) evolve 진화하다 (strategy has evolved) inconspicuous 눈에 띄지 않는 livelier 더 활기찬 (lively 활기찬의 비교급, liveliest) hesitate 주저하다 (do not hesitate to~ ) obvious 명백한  (the most obvious ) ※ near 가까이         16. 다음 문장의 Death Valley 에 대한 설명으로 옳지 않은 것은?    Death Valley doesn't sound like a very inviting place. It is one of the hottest places in the world. The highest temperature ever recorded there was 134 degrees Fahrenheit. That is the highest ever recorded in the Western Hemisphere. And that was in the shade! Death Valley in California covers nearly 3,000 square miles. Approximately 555 squares miles are below the surface of the sea. One point is 282 feet below sea level - the lowest point in the Western Hemisphere. In Death Valley, pioneers and explores faced death from thirst and the searing heat. Yet despite its name and bad reputation, Death Valley is not just an empty wilderness of sand and rock. It is a place of spectacular scenic beauty and home to plants, animals and even humans.   ① 경치가 매우 아름다운 곳이다.   ② 그늘 아래서의 온도가 최고 화씨 134도인 적이 있다.   ③ 많은 개척자들은 갈증과 더위로 죽음에 직면했다.   ④ 면적의 절반 이상이 바다 수면보다 낮다.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] 지문에 숫자 정보가 있는 경우는 그것과 관련된 내용을 물어 볼 거란 예상를 할 수 있죠. 출제자도 그렇게 출제하는 것이 쉽고 정확하니까요. ^^   mile과 feet는 1차원 '길이' 단위죠. 여기에 square(제곱)이란 표현이 붙어야 2차원 '면적'의 개념이 됩니다.  ④ 면적의 절반 이상이 바다 수면보다 낮다. - 계산을 해보라는 거군요. ^^ Death Valley in California covers nearly 3,000 square miles. 총 면적인 3,000 Approximately 555 squares miles are below the surface of the sea. 555가 해수면 아래 있다고 했느니, 면적의 절반 이상이란 내용은 지문과 다릅니다.   정답 : ④   ① 경치가 매우 아름다운 곳이다. It is a place of spectacular scenic beauty.  엄청 아름답다고 했군요.   ② 그늘 아래서의 온도가 최고 화씨 134도인 적이 있다. And that was in the shade!   ③ 많은 개척자들은 갈증과 더위로 죽음에 직면했다.   pioneers and explores faced death from thirst and the searing heat.   [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. inviting 초대하는-> 유혹하는, 매력있는, captivating, appealing ( a very inviting place) recorded 기록된 covers ~을 덮다, ~에 이르다, 걸치다 (covers nearly 3,000 square miles. ) approximate 대략적  Approximately 대략적으로 searing 타는 듯 무더운  (the searing heat) spectacular 정말 멋진, 장관의  (spectacular scenic beauty ) scenic 경지의     17. 다음의 밑줄 친 Janissaries에 대한 설명으로 옳은 것은?     In the 14th century, there was a rather special army corps called Janissaries in Turkey. This army was formed only of orphans. When Turkish soldiers invaded an Armenian or Slav village, they took the very young children and shut them up in a special military school, where they could learn nothing of the outside world. Educated solely in the art of combat, these soldiers turned out to be the best fighters in the whole empire and shamelessly attacked the villages inhabited by their real families. It never occurred to the Janissaries to fight for their kidnappers on the side of their parents. On the other hand, their power grew ceaselessly and ended up worrying a Turkish king, who massacred them and set fire on their school in 1826.   ① They were notorious for kidnapping and killing children.   ② They revenged their parents by killing Turkish soldiers.   ③ They were killed by a Turkish king who had got afraid of them.   ④ They were Turkish soldiers' children who lost their fathers at battlefields.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] 역사적인 이야기를 말해주다가, 뒷 부분에서 반전(On the other hand)이 있습니다. 대부분 문제는 이런 부분에서 출제되죠. 자기들이 데려다 전사로 키워놓고, 나중엔 그들이 자꾸 강해지자 두려워서 없애 버렸다. On the other hand, their power  grew ceaselessly and ended up worrying a Turkish king, who massacred them and set fire on their school in 1826. 정답 : ③ They were killed by a Turkish king who had got afraid of them.      [ 챙겨두자! 형용사, 동사! ] - 실전문제에 등장한 동사와 형용사는 꼭 챙겨두세요. invade 침략하다 (Turkish soldiers invaded an Armenian or Slav village) shameless 수치를 모르는 (shamelessly attacked) inhabit ~에 살다, 거주하다 (inhabited by their real families) cease 그만두다, ceaseless 끊임없는 (their power grew ceaselessly) worry 걱정하게 만들다 end up 결국 어떻게 끝나다(뒤에 ing변신과 함깨 나옵니다.) (ended up worrying a Turkish king) massacre 대량 학살하다  notorious  악명높은 (They were notorious for kidnapping) revenge 복수하다  (revenged their parents by killing)      ※ 다음 대화의 흐름으로 보아 밑줄 친 곳에 들어갈 표현으로 적절한 것을 고르시오.    (18∼20) 18. Girl : This pie's very good. Boy :      ㉠      I like American desserts. Girl : What's your favorite? Boy : Oh, I don't know. Ice cream. I think. Girl :       ㉡       Boy : I see. Next time I will.       ① ㉠ : <STRIKE>So mine is.</STRIKE>         ㉡ : You can have had ice cream with your pie, then.     ② ㉠ : So is mine.         ㉡ : You <STRIKE>must have had</STRIKE> ice cream with your pie, then.     ③ ㉠ : <STRIKE>So do I</STRIKE>.         ㉡ : You may have had ice cream with your pie, then.     ④ ㉠ : So is mine.      ㉡ : You should have had ice cream with your pie, then.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] 문맥에 맞지 않는 표현이나 표현상의 오류를 하나씩 지워가며 정답에 접근할 수 있도록 문제를 만들어 놓았네요.  후식을 시켜놓고 자신들의 후식에 대한 이야기를 하는 상황인데, '제것도 그렇군요." - So is mine. ①,③ 제외 '파이와 함께 아이스크림을 드실걸 그랬어요.'  should have had ice cream ② must have had ice cream : 아이스크림을 먹은 것이 틀림없다. - 제외   정답 : ④     19. A : I'm on my way to the store. Is there anything you'd like me to get? B : Yes. Could you stop at the bakery and pick up a chocolate cake? A : A chocolate cake? B : Yes. It's Marion's birthday. We're having a party. A : Oh, I bet she'll be surprised. Did you invite everyone? B : Yes.                   ① It's all set.                           ② They are finished.   ③ It's out of the question.          ④ I'm through with you.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] 일상 회화에 자주 사용되는 표현의 의미를 알고 있는지 묻고 있네요.   ① It's all set. : set은 (set-set-set에서 세번째 과거분사죠) 모든 것이 '준비되어 진' 상태다. ② They are finished. 그들은 끝났어. (헤어졌어) ③ out of the question : 논의의 여지 없이 불가능한 ④ be through with : 헤어지다.   정답 : ①   on my way to : ~가는 중이다. (정말 많이 사용되는 표현이니 꼭 챙겨 둬야 겠죠?) on my way to school.(학교에 공부하러)  on my way to work.(회사에 일하러) ※ 간혹 to work를 부정사로 오해하는 경우가 있는데 아니죠. work자체가 명사로 '일터'란 의미입니다. Go back to work.일터로 돌아가세요.) on my way home (집으로- 여기선 to전치사가 필요 없죠.)     20. A : Hello? B : Hi, Rafael. This is Alex. A : Oh, hi. Did you get home all right? B : Yeah, thanks, but I want to apologize for last night. It was so dumb of me to put my coffee on the floor. A : Forget about it. B : But it must have made a really ugly stain. I want to pay for the cleaning. A : Listen, Alex,               Accidents happen - at parties especially. B : Well, if you say so, but I really am sorry. A : OK. See you on Monday. Bye now.      ① it's up to you.                       ② it's no big deal.   ③ you can't miss it.                    ④ it couldn't be better.   [ 출제자의 의도와 힌트 ] 본 시험의 5번과 18번에서도 등장했던 표현이죠? ※  must have made a really ugly stain 분명히 흉한 얼룩이 생겼을 거야.   ① it’s up to you. 너한테 달려있어. ② it’s no big deal. 별일 아니야. ③ you can't miss it. (틀림없이) 놓치지 않을 거야. 찾을 수 있을 거야. ④ it couldn't be better.  더 놓을 수는 없을 것 같아.   정답 : ② it's no big deal.