vim vim magic 도움말

[정현애비]

3. Magic */magic*

Some characters in the pattern are taken literally.  They match with the same

character in the text.  When preceded with a backslash however, these

characters get a special meaning.

Other characters have a special meaning without a backslash.  They need to be

preceded with a backslash to match literally.

If a character is taken literally or not depends on the 'magic' option and the

items mentioned next.

*/\m* */\M*

Use of "\m" makes the pattern after it be interpreted as if 'magic' is set,

ignoring the actual value of the 'magic' option.

Use of "\M" makes the pattern after it be interpreted as if 'nomagic' is used.

*/\v* */\V*

Use of "\v" means that in the pattern after it all ASCII characters except

'0'-'9', 'a'-'z', 'A'-'Z' and '_' have a special meaning.  "very magic"

Use of "\V" means that in the pattern after it only the backslash has a

special meaning.  "very nomagic"

Examples:

after:  \v   \m    \M     \V matches ~

'magic' 'nomagic'

 $   $    $     \$ matches end-of-line

 .   .    \.     \. matches any character

 *   *    \*     \* any number of the previous atom

 ()   \(\)     \(\)     \(\) grouping into an atom

 |   \|    \|     \| separating alternatives

 \a   \a    \a     \a alphabetic character

 \\   \\    \\     \\ literal backslash

 \.   \.    .     . literal dot

 \{   {    {     { literal '{'

 a   a    a     a literal 'a'

{only Vim supports \m, \M, \v and \V}

It is recommended to always keep the 'magic' option at the default setting,

which is 'magic'.  This avoids portability problems.  To make a pattern immune

to the 'magic' option being set or not, put "\m" or "\M" at the start of the

pattern.

==============================================================================

4. Overview of pattern items *pattern-overview*

Overview of multi items. */multi* *E61* *E62*

More explanation and examples below, follow the links. *E64*

 multi ~

     'magic' 'nomagic' matches of the preceding atom ~

|/star| * \* 0 or more as many as possible

|/\+| \+ \+ 1 or more as many as possible (*)

|/\=| \= \= 0 or 1 as many as possible (*)

|/\?| \? \? 0 or 1 as many as possible (*)

|/\{| \{n,m} \{n,m} n to m as many as possible (*)

\{n} \{n} n exactly (*)

\{n,} \{n,} at least n as many as possible (*)

\{,m} \{,m} 0 to m as many as possible (*)

\{} \{} 0 or more as many as possible (same as *) (*)

|/\{-| \{-n,m} \{-n,m} n to m as few as possible (*)

\{-n} \{-n} n exactly (*)

\{-n,} \{-n,} at least n as few as possible (*)

\{-,m} \{-,m} 0 to m as few as possible (*)

\{-} \{-} 0 or more as few as possible (*)

*E59*

|/\@>| \@> \@> 1, like matching a whole pattern (*)

|/\@=| \@= \@= nothing, requires a match |/zero-width| (*)

|/\@!| \@! \@! nothing, requires NO match |/zero-width| (*)

|/\@<=| \@<= \@<= nothing, requires a match behind |/zero-width| (*)

|/\@<!| \@<! \@<! nothing, requires NO match behind |/zero-width| (*)

(*) {not in Vi}

Overview of ordinary atoms. */ordinary-atom*

More explanation and examples below, follow the links.

      ordinary atom ~

      magic   nomagic matches ~

|/^| ^ ^ start-of-line (at start of pattern) |/zero-width|

|/\^| \^ \^ literal '^'

|/\_^| \_^ \_^ start-of-line (used anywhere) |/zero-width|

|/$| $ $ end-of-line (at end of pattern) |/zero-width|

|/\$| \$ \$ literal '$'

|/\_$| \_$ \_$ end-of-line (used anywhere) |/zero-width|

|/.| . \. any single character (not an end-of-line)

|/\_.| \_. \_. any single character or end-of-line

|/\<| \< \< beginning of a word |/zero-width|

|/\>| \> \> end of a word |/zero-width|

|/\zs| \zs \zs anything, sets start of match

|/\ze| \ze \ze anything, sets end of match

|/\%^| \%^ \%^ beginning of file |/zero-width| *E71*

|/\%$| \%$ \%$ end of file |/zero-width|

|/\%V| \%V \%V inside Visual area |/zero-width|

|/\%#| \%# \%# cursor position |/zero-width|

|/\%'m| \%'m \%'m mark m position |/zero-width|

|/\%l| \%23l \%23l in line 23 |/zero-width|

|/\%c| \%23c \%23c in column 23 |/zero-width|

|/\%v| \%23v \%23v in virtual column 23 |/zero-width|

Character classes {not in Vi}: */character-classes*

|/\i| \i \i identifier character (see 'isident' option)

|/\I| \I \I like "\i", but excluding digits

|/\k| \k \k keyword character (see 'iskeyword' option)

|/\K| \K \K like "\k", but excluding digits

|/\f| \f \f file name character (see 'isfname' option)

|/\F| \F \F like "\f", but excluding digits

|/\p| \p \p printable character (see 'isprint' option)

|/\P| \P \P like "\p", but excluding digits

|/\s| \s \s whitespace character: <Space> and <Tab>

|/\S| \S \S non-whitespace character; opposite of \s

|/\d| \d \d digit: [0-9]

|/\D| \D \D non-digit: [^0-9]

|/\x| \x \x hex digit: [0-9A-Fa-f]

|/\X| \X \X non-hex digit: [^0-9A-Fa-f]

|/\o| \o \o octal digit: [0-7]

|/\O| \O \O non-octal digit: [^0-7]

|/\w| \w \w word character: [0-9A-Za-z_]

|/\W| \W \W non-word character: [^0-9A-Za-z_]

|/\h| \h \h head of word character: [A-Za-z_]

|/\H| \H \H non-head of word character: [^A-Za-z_]

|/\a| \a \a alphabetic character: [A-Za-z]

|/\A| \A \A non-alphabetic character: [^A-Za-z]

|/\l| \l \l lowercase character: [a-z]

|/\L| \L \L non-lowercase character: [^a-z]

|/\u| \u \u uppercase character: [A-Z]

|/\U| \U \U non-uppercase character [^A-Z]

|/\_| \_x \_x where x is any of the characters above: character

class with end-of-line included

(end of character classes)

|/\e| \e \e <Esc>

|/\t| \t \t <Tab>

|/\r| \r \r <CR>

|/\b| \b \b <BS>

|/\n| \n \n end-of-line

|/~| ~ \~ last given substitute string

|/\1| \1 \1 same string as matched by first \(\) {not in Vi}

|/\2| \2 \2 Like "\1", but uses second \(\)

  ...

|/\9| \9 \9 Like "\1", but uses ninth \(\)

*E68*

|/\z1| \z1 \z1 only for syntax highlighting, see |:syn-ext-match|

  ...

|/\z1| \z9 \z9 only for syntax highlighting, see |:syn-ext-match|

x x a character with no special meaning matches itself

|/[]| [] \[] any character specified inside the []

|/\%[]| \%[] \%[] a sequence of optionally matched atoms

|/\c| \c \c ignore case, do not use the 'ignorecase' option

|/\C| \C \C match case, do not use the 'ignorecase' option

|/\m| \m \m 'magic' on for the following chars in the pattern

|/\M| \M \M 'magic' off for the following chars in the pattern

|/\v| \v \v the following chars in the pattern are "very magic"

|/\V| \V \V the following chars in the pattern are "very nomagic"

|/\Z| \Z \Z ignore differences in Unicode "combining characters".

Useful when searching voweled Hebrew or Arabic text.

|/\%d| \%d \%d match specified decimal character (eg \%d123)

|/\%x| \%x \%x match specified hex character (eg \%x2a)

|/\%o| \%o \%o match specified octal character (eg \%o040)

|/\%u| \%u \%u match specified multibyte character (eg \%u20ac)

|/\%U| \%U \%U match specified large multibyte character (eg

\%U12345678)

Example matches ~

\<\I\i* or

\<\h\w*

\<[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*

An identifier (e.g., in a C program).

\(\.$\|\. \) A period followed by <EOL> or a space.

[.!?][])"']*\($\|[ ]\) A search pattern that finds the end of a sentence,

with almost the same definition as the ")" command.

cat\Z Both "cat" and "ca?t" ("a" followed by 0x0300)

Does not match "c횪t" (character 0x00e0), even

though it may look the same.