11월 20일(수요일)Reading/Vocabulary 7:40

[김복순]

11월20일(수요일)Reading/Vocabulary  김복순
통과기준 : 파고다 85점/ 수능단어 90, 토플리딩 90점
1. PAGODA DAY 7 STUDY- TEST on Friday
2. Reading Vocab list CHAPTER5  영영풀이 공부해주세요!!!
3. Reading Practice p. 128,130,132 read and answer the questions/ critical thinking reading
4. Preveiw p. 134 (Mechanization and the America Economy) Read and find the words and then make a list on your own

Chapter 05 Economics
NO	English		Korean	English Explanation
1	craftsman	n	기술자, 장인	a person who is skilled in a particular craft
2	association	n	협회	a group of people who work together in a single organization for a particular purpose
3	regulate	v	규제하다	to control something, especially by making it work in a particular way
4	specific	a	특정한	connected with one particular thing only
5	apprentice	n	견습생, 도제, 수습공	someone who works for an expert to learn a particular skill or job
6	dues	n	회비	charges, for example to be a member of a club
7	vow	v	맹세하다	to make a formal and serious promise to do something or a formal statement that is true
8	monopoly	n	독점	complete control of the supply of particular goods or services, or a company or group that has such control
9	permission	n	허락, 허가	the act of allowing somebody to do something, especially when this is done by somebody in a position of authority
10	protectionism	n	보호주의	the principle or practice of protecting a country’s own industry by taxing foreign goods
11	competitor	n	경쟁자	a person who takes part in a competition
12	standardize	v	표준화하다	to make things of the same type all have the same basic features
13	jealously	ad	빈틈없이	very carefully
14	discourage	v	낙담시키다	to make someone feel less confident, enthusiastic, and positive about something, or less willing to do something
15	dominant	a	지배적인	more important, strong, or noticeable than anything else of the same type
16	underway	a	진행 중인	having started
17	undoing	n	타락, 몰락, 파멸	ruin; destruction
18	all but	phr	거의	almost
19	immediate	a	즉각적인	happening or done without delay
20	positive	a	긍정적인	full of hope and confidence, or giving cause for hope and confidence
21	multitude	n	다수, 수많음	a large number of things
22	spring up	phr	갑자기 생기다	to start to exist suddenly
23	dramatic	a	극적인	very sudden or noticeable, or full of action and excitement
24	overcrowded	a	과밀한	with too many people or things in it
25	in turn	phr	차례로	one after the other; in order
26	steam	n	증기	the hot gas that is produced when water boils
27	air pollution	n	대기 오염	contamination of the air, especially by smoke or gases from vehicles, factories, and power stations
28	space	n	공간	an empty area that is available to be used
29	patrol	v	순찰하다	to go around an area or a building at regular times to check that it is safe and that there is no trouble
30	keep ~ under control	phr	~을 억제하다	to succeed in dealing with something so that it does not cause any damage or hurt anyone
31	mandate	v	명령하다, 요구하다	to order someone to do something
32	inspire	v	고무시키다	to make someone feel that they want to do something and can do it
33	exotic	a	외래의, 이국적인	unusual and exciting because of coming from far away, especially a tropical country
34	destination	n	목적지	the place where someone is going or where something is being sent or taken
35	merchant	n	상인	a person whose job is to buy and sell products in large amounts
36	empty into	phr	~으로 흐르다	to drop or flow into something
37	initial	a	초기의, 시작의	happening at the beginning; first
38	transit time	n	통과 시간, 운송 시간	the time required for an electron or other charge carrier to travel between two electrodes in an electron tube or transistor
39	operation	n	작동, 가동	an act or process of working, doing something, being in action, or having an effect
40	tonnage	n	총 톤수	the size of a ship or the weight of goods that a ship is able to carry
41	annually	ad	1년에, 해마다	once every year
42	petroleum	n	석유	mineral oil that is found under the ground or the sea and is used to produce petrol, paraffin, diesel oil, etc.
43	ore	n	광석	rock, earth, etc. from which metal can be obtained
44	ease	n	쉬움, 용이함	lack of difficulty
45	freighter	n	수송선, 수송기	a large ship or plane that carries goods
46	vital	a	매우 중요한, 필수적인	necessary or essential in order for something to succeed or exist
47	agrarian	a	농업의, 농지의	relating to the land, especially the use of land for farming
48	in earnest	phr	본격적으로	more seriously and with more force or effort than before
49	accelerate	v	가속하다	to move more quickly, or to make something happen faster or sooner
50	electric light	n	전구	a device that produces visible light from electric current
51	erect	v	세우다	to build something; to put something in position so that it stands upright
52	skyscraper	n	고층 건물	a very tall modern building, usually in a city
53	skyline	n	스카이라인	a shape or pattern made against the sky, especially by buildings
54	refrigeration	n	냉장	the act or process of keeping food, etc. cold in order to keep it fresh or preserve it
55	internal combustion engine	n	내연 기관	a type of engine used in most cars that produces power by burning petrol or other fuel inside
56	churn out	phr	대량 생산하다	to produce something quickly and in large amounts
57	hail from	phr	~의 출신이다, ~에서 오다	to come from or have been born in a particular place
58	manpower	n	인력, 노동력	the number of workers needed or available to do a particular job
59	patent	n	특허, 특허권	an official right to be the only person to make, use or sell a product or an invention
60	ownership	n	소유	the fact of owning something
61	exclusive	a	독점적인, 배타적인	only to be used by one particular person or group; only given to one particular person or group
62	privilege	n	특권	a special right or advantage that a particular person or group of people has
63	royalty	n	로열티, 사용료	a payment made esp. to writers and musicians every time their books or songs are bought or used by others
64	grant	v	주다, 수여하다	to give or allow someone something, usually in an official way
65	notion	n	관념, 개념	a belief or idea
66	theft	n	절도	the act of taking something that belongs to someone else and keeping it; stealing
67	cotton gin	n	조면기(면화에서 솜을 뽑아내는 기계)	a machine used for separating the fibres of the cotton plant from the seeds
68	revolutionize	v	혁신을 일으키다	to completely change something so that it is much better
69	enforce	v	집행하다	to make something happen or force somebody to do something
70	time-consuming	a	시간을 소비하는, 시간이 많이 걸리는	taking or needing a lot of time
71	be willing to	phr	기꺼이 ~하다	to be happy to do something if it is needed
72	thrive	v	번성하다, 번창하다	to grow, develop, or be successful
73	envy	n	부러움	the feeling that you wish you had something that someone else has
74	wallow	v	뒹굴다, 몸부림치다	to lie or roll around slowly in deep, wet earth, sand, or water
75	misery	n	불행, 비참	great unhappiness
76	stagnation	n	불경기	the fact of no longer developing or making progress
77	bypass	v	우회하다	to go around or avoid a place
78	obstacle	n	장애물	an object that is in your way and that makes it difficult for you to move forward
79	hamper	v	방해하다	to prevent somebody from easily doing or achieving something
80	infrastructure	n	기반 시설	the basic systems and services that a company or industry needs in order to work effectively:
81	laborious	a	힘든, 수고스러운	needing a lot of time and effort
82	dialect	n	방언, 사투리	the form of a language that is spoken in one area with grammar, words and pronunciation that may be different from other forms of the same language
83	incomprehensive	a	이해할 수 없는	impossible to comprehend; unintelligible
84	stand at	phr	~에 이르다, ~ 정도이다	to stand or remain in a particular state
85	subsistence farmer	n	자급자족 농민	a farmer who consumes most of the produce he or she grows, leaving little or nothing to be marketed
86	mirror	v	~와 매우 닮다	to be very similar to something
87	wield	v	(권력, 무력 등을) 휘두르다, 떨치다, 행사하다	to have or use power, authority, or influence, or to hold and use a weapon
88	exert	v	(권력 등을) 행사하다	to use something such as authority, power, influence, etc. in order to make something happen
89	conflict	n	갈등, 충돌	an active disagreement, as between opposing opinions or needs
90	territory	n	영토, 영역	land that is under the control of a particular country or political leader; an area that an animal or person tries to control or thinks belongs to them
91	turmoil	n	소란, 소동, 혼란	a state of confusion, uncertainty, or disorder
92	free enterprise	n	자유 기업 체제	an economic system in which private businesses compete with each other without much government control
93	hinder	v	방해하다, 저해하다	to interfere with or obstruct the functioning or progress of
94	get underway	phr	시작하다	to begin to happen
95	derive	v	끌어내다, 손에 넣다, 획득하다	to obtain or extract from an original source
96	ruthless	a	가차없는, 무자비한	without mercy or compassion; pitiless or cruel
97	peerless	a	비할 데 없는	having no equal; unmatched in excellence
98	preserve	v	보존하다	to keep a particular quality, feature, etc.; to make sure that something is kept
99	evaporate	v	증발하다	to turn from liquid into vapor; pass away in the form of vapor
100	outcrop	n	노두(露頭), (광맥의) 노출	a large mass of rock that stands above the surface of the ground
101	vulnerable	a	취약한	being capable of being hurt or injured; having weakness
102	outcompete	v	경쟁에서 이기다, 더 뛰어나다	to be more successful than someone or something
103	enact	v	(법 등을) 제정하다	to make a law, or to make an idea into a law
104	ban	n	금지	to forbid something, especially officially
105	coldblooded	a	냉혈의	having a body temperature that depends on the temperature of the surrounding air or water; showing no feelings or sympathy for other people
106	ducat	n	(옛날 유럽 대륙에서 사용한) 금화, 은화	any of various gold or silver coins formerly minted in certain European countries
107	impose	v	(세금을) 부과하다	to introduce a new law, rule, tax, etc.; to order that a rule, punishment, etc. be used
108	levy	v	(세금을) 부과하다	to use official authority to demand and collect a payment, tax, etc.