prove,verify,voucher(바우처),warrant,watch,guarantee어원,보배,진 珍 ,참,진 眞 한자상고음 및 treasure 어원 및 보물 과의 관계

[나비우스]

보배,진 珍

treasure

쌓았어 혹은 재었어-->어원

참고로 tr-은 베트남어에서는 ㅉ으로도 발음된다.

tri [知]

알다

발음 [찌]

trà [ 茶 ] [ 짜 ]  

차.(=chè, nước trà)

trá [ 詐 ]

동사 (금, 은 등을) 씻다.

trá [ trá ] 

tra [ 査 ] [ 짜 ]   우리말에서는 사  이것역시 ㅌ에서 발음이 변해온 것이다.

동사 거둬들이다.

trong [ 쫑 ]   中 이다.역시 들은 들어있는 기본형 들다 ㅌ발음에서 변형되었음.

전치사 …안에.

trọng [ 重 ] [ 쫑 ]  

1.

동사 소중히 여기다. 중요시하다.

2.

형용사 무거운.

아래 어원자료 읽으면 확실히 맞다는 것을 입증한다.

우리말 ㅆ은 ㅌ에서 변화해온 것.

ㅌ-->th번데기(st-)-->ㅆ

ㅈ 역시 ㅌ--->ㄷ-->ㅈ 

재산 재물 할때 재- 역시 쌓는다는 말이다.

財 재물,재 

stock이나 store 저장하다인데

쌓-과 쌓아-->어원

ㅎ은 과거 kh발음 받침 -ck에 해당한다.

r에 ㅎ발음이 포함되어 있다.

hoard 

1. 비축물(특히 비밀 장소에 모아 놓은 많은 돈・식품・귀중품 등)

재다3[재ː다]  

[동사]

1.

물건을 차곡차곡 포개어 쌓아 두다.

2.

고기 따위의 음식을 양념하여 그릇에 차곡차곡 담아 두다.

treasure (n.)

mid-12c., tresor, from Old French tresor "treasury, hoard, treasure" 

(11c., Modern French trésor), from Gallo-Roman *tresaurus, from

 Latin thesaurus "treasury, treasure" (source also of Spanish, Italian tesoro)

, from Greek thesauros "store, treasure, treasure house" (see thesaurus).

 In Middle English also thresur, etc.; modern spelling is from 16c. 

Replaced Old English goldhord. General sense of "anything valued" is 

recorded from c. 1200. Treasure hunt is first recorded 1913. 

For treasure trove, see trove.

스페인어사전

tesoro  

[남성명사] 1. 보물 2. 부, 재산, 대금 3. (= tesoro público)

treasure (v.)

late 14c., "to amass treasure; to store up for the future," 

also figurative, "regard as precious, retain carefully in the mind,"

 from treasure (n.). Related: Treasured; treasuring.

ㅈ은 ㄷ에서 나왔으며 ㄷ은 ㅌ에서 발음이 변해왔다.

과거음은 타라

베트남어 tiền [錢]

1. 현금2. 임금

발음 [띠엔]

Chinese: "錢" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ćVr(H) (~ ʒ́-)

Meaning: hoe, pick-axe

Chinese: 錢 *ćenʔ hoe, weeder.

 

Character: 錢

Modern (Beijing) reading: qián

Preclassic Old Chinese: ʒ́an

Classic Old Chinese: ʒan

Western Han Chinese: ʒan

Eastern Han Chinese: ʒjan

Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒjen

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒjen

Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒjen

Middle Chinese: ʒjen

English meaning : money [Zhanguo]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) деньги; монета; 2) цянь (десятая часть лана); яп. сена (сотая часть иены); 3) Цянь (фамилия); [jiǎn] лопата, заступ

Comments: The earliest attestation of the character is in Early Zhou for a word *ćanʔ, MC cjén (FQ 即淺), Mand. jiǎn 'hoe, weeder'. The word *ʒ́an 'money' (also a measure of weight) appears during the late Zhanguo period, and is traditionally linked with *ćanʔ 'hoe' (either because hoes were used as exchange, or because money was manufactured in a hoe-like shape); this all seems rather dubious. Viet. also has a slang word sìn 'money' - probably a later loan from the same source. For unaspirated *ʒ- cf. Min forms: Xiamen, Chaozhou cĩ², Fuzhou cieŋ², Jianou ciŋ².

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

 

Number: 2221

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 錢

MC description : 山開三平仙從

ZIHUI: 6929 1865

Beijing: ćhian 12

Jinan: ćhiã 12

Xi'an: ćhiã 12

Taiyuan: ćhiɛ 1

Hankou: ćhian 12

Chengdu: ćhian 12

Yangzhou: ćhî̃ 12

Suzhou: zî 12

Wenzhou: ɦi 12

Changsha: ciẽ 12

Shuangfeng: ʒ́î̃ 12

Nanchang: ćhiɛn 12

Meixian: chiɛn 12

Guangzhou: čhin 12

Xiamen: cian 12 (lit.); cĩ 12; ĩ 12

Chaozhou: chĩ 12

Fuzhou: chieŋ 12

Shanghai: sî 3

Zhongyuan yinyun: chien 12

Radical: 167

Four-angle index: 6791

Karlgren code: 0155 j

Vietnamese reading: tiền

Jianchuan Bai: ce7

Dali Bai: che4

Tibetan: ãʒ́or, gźor hoe, grubbling-hoe, mattock, pick-axe.

Burmese: pŭ-ćhin axe.

일본어로 찐 이라고도 발음하며

ちんな話はなし  

진기한[재미있는] 이야기

それは珍ちんだ  

그것 재미있군

珍 めずらしい 메즈라시이 진귀하다 

たから [宝·財] 다까라 

1.보물; 보배. 2.[속어][お～] 돈.

Chinese: "珍" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *t[ǝ̆]r

Meaning: precious

Chinese: 珍 *tǝr precious thing, precious.

 

Character: 珍

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhēn

Preclassic Old Chinese: tǝr

Classic Old Chinese: tǝn

Western Han Chinese: tǝn

Eastern Han Chinese: ćǝn

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćin

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćin

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćin

Middle Chinese: ṭin

English meaning : precious thing, precious

Russian meaning[s]: 1) жемчужина; драгоценность, сокровище; драгоценный, редкий; 2) деликатес; 3) превосходный, прекрасный

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

 

Number: 801

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 珍

MC description : 臻開三平真知

ZIHUI: 3791 2049

Beijing: c̣ǝn 11

Jinan: c̣ẽ 11

Xi'an: c̣ẽ 11

Taiyuan: cǝŋ 1

Hankou: cǝn 11

Chengdu: cǝn 11

Yangzhou: cǝn 11

Suzhou: cǝn 11

Wenzhou: caŋ 11

Changsha: c̣ǝn 11

Shuangfeng: ćin 11

Nanchang: cǝn 11

Meixian: cǝn 11

Guangzhou: čam 11

Xiamen: cin 11; tin 11

Chaozhou: tieŋ 21

Fuzhou: tiŋ 11

Shanghai: cǝŋ 1

Zhongyuan yinyun: čiǝn 1

Radical: 96

Four-angle index: 4096

Karlgren code: 0453 i

Tibetan: gter treasure; a mineral vein, mine.

Burmese: tan be worth, be suitable, sufficient.

Kachin: dan¹ be worth (possibly from Burm.).

드러나 보이는 것이 진실이다.

드러난 들난 에서 r이 탈락 

pore 봐 보아 =examine 

드라비다어는 우리말 '봐'와 같다.

Meaning : "look" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Dravidian : *pār-

Meaning : to look at; sight

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *pār-

 

Proto-South Dravidian : *pār-

Meaning : to see, look

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : pār (-pp-, -tt-)

Tamil meaning : to see, look at, examine, inspect, know, look for, desire, search, look after

Tamil derivates : pārval looking; pārvai id., eye, appearance, etc.

Malayalam : pārkka

Malayalam meaning : to regard, behold, wait for

Malayalam derivates : pārppu considering, expectation

Kannada : pār

Kannada meaning : to look for, wait for, look after, consider, regard, desire

Kannada derivates : pār(u) looking to or after; pāraysu to desire; hārayisu, hāraysu to look for, get a longing after, desire; hārayke desire

Tulu : pāra

Tulu meaning : guard, custody, keeping

Number in DED : 4091

Proto-Telugu : *pār-

 

Proto-Telugu : *pār-

Meaning : sight, glance

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : pāruva

Number in DED : 4091

prove 증명하다

보여삐-->어원(보여버려의 경상도사투리)

verify 입증하다

보여삐-->어원(보여버려의 경상도사투리)

voucher 

voucher(바우처)는 "증서, 상품권, 할인권, 쿠폰"이란 뜻인데, 행정 분야에선

 정부가 제공하고자 하는 특정 상품(서비스)에 대한 지불 인증권을 의미한다.

보여줘-->어원

warrant 

1. (체포・수색 등을 허락하는) 영장   2. 보증서   3. 근거, 이유

w는 과거 v발음

봐란니드  봐라했니드 보라고 했습니다 의 경상도사투리

혹은 보연니드-->보였니드(보였습니다의 경상도사투리)

watch 주의하다 지켜보다 시계

봤지-->어원

개런티 역시 눈 보다와 관련된 어원이다.

영어사전

guaranty 

1. 보증; 보증 계약   2. 보증물, 담보   3. 담보인, 보증인

guara라는 어근은 알타이어 kara-라는 말과 같은 것이다.어원이 같다.

한자로는 볼,간 看 과 볼,견 見이다.

가르다 가른 깐 깨다 깬 깨닫다 r탈락으로 만들어진 한자발음이다. 

Proto-Altaic: *kara ( ~ -u)

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *karV

Meaning: to observe, wake

Indo-European: *ger-

 

Altaic: *kara ( ~ -u)

Meaning: to look, observe

Russian meaning: смотреть, наблюдать

Turkic: *Karak

 

Proto-Turkic: *Karak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 eye-ball 2 eye 3 a gentle address ("my dear")

Russian meaning: 1 зрачок 2 глаз 3 ласковое обращение

Old Turkic: qaraq 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qaraq 2 (MK, KB)

Turkish: köz karasɨ 1, Osm. (XV) qaraq 2

Middle Turkic: qaraq (Pav. C., Бор. Бад., Sangl.) 1, (Abush.) 2

Uzbek: qɔrɛčiq 1

Uighur: qar(i)čuq 1

Azerbaidzhan: göz Garasɨ 1

Turkmen: Garaq 1

Khakassian: xarax 2, dial. xaračɨ 1

Shor: qaraq 2

Oyrat: qaraq 1, 2

Chuvash: koś xori 1

Yakut: xarax 2

Dolgan: karak 2

Tuva: qaraq 2

Tofalar: qaraq 2

Kirghiz: qaraq 3, dial. qareq 1, 2

Kazakh: qaraq 3, qarašɨq 1

Noghai: qarašɨq 1

Karakalpak: qaraq 3, qarašɨq 1

Comments: VEWT 235-236, TMN 3, 434-436, EDT 652, ЭСТЯ 5, 295-296, Ашм. VII, 36, Лексика 210, Stachowski 138. Deriving *Karak from *Kara 'black' (see also TMN 1, 401) is highly dubious both for semantic and morphological reasons; forms like Tur. göz karasɨ result from secondary reanalysis. Cf. also the forms *Kara-la- 'to stare' (Az. qarala-, Uygh. qarala-, see ЭСТЯ 5, 289), *Karaj- 'to watch, preserve' (Yak. xaraj-, Dolg. karaj-; Yak. xarɨs 'care, wariness', Dolg. karɨstā- 'to care, beware', see Stachowski 138, 140) - which, in contrast to qara- 'look' ( < Mong.) are unlikely to be borrowed.

Mongolian: *kara-

 

Proto-Mongolian: *kara-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to look 2 patrol, watch

Russian meaning: 1 смотреть 2 патруль, караул

Written Mongolian: qara- 1, qaraɣul 2 (L 932, 933)

Middle Mongolian: qara- 1, qara'ul (SH) 2, qara- (MA, HYt) 1

Khalkha: xara- 1, xarūl 2

Buriat: xara- 1

Kalmuck: xarǝ- 1

Ordos: xara- 1

Dagur: xarāla- 1 (Тод. Даг. 174), xarōl 2

Shary-Yoghur: χarūl 2, χarǝmul 'sight'

Monguor: xarụ̄la- (SM 164), xarǝ- 1; xarǝmul 'sight'

Mogol: qara- 1 (Ramstedt 1906)

Comments: KW 169, MGCD 329, 331, 334. Mong. > Chag. etc. qara-, qarawul (see TMN 1, 401, Щербак 1997, 208; a backloan from Turkic is probably ZM qarawol (8-6a) 'vanguard'), ЭСТЯ 5, 288-289, 290-291.

Tungus-Manchu: *kara-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kara-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to guard, protect 2 to watch

Russian meaning: 1 беречь, защищать 2 наблюдать

Evenki: karama-, karma- 1, kara-m-na- 'to envy'

Even: qarɣụs- 1 (Arm.), qarqị- 'to wait'

Spoken Manchu: qarmǝ- (797) 1

Literary Manchu: qarma- 1 (perhaps also χarša-, ТМС 1, 380)

Ulcha: qarGa-čụ- 2

Orok: qarGa- 2

Nanai: qarGa-čị- 2

Comments: ТМС 1, 381-382. The Evk. form kar(a)ma- is cited from Lee 1958 (quoting Shirokogoroff 1944 which was unavailable to us).

Korean: *kàrm-

 

Comments: KW 169, VEWT 235 (the TM forms in ТМС 1,380 - Man. qara-, qarun etc. - are obviously borrowed from Mongolian, see Doerfer MT 51, 138, Rozycki 135), Lee 1958, 114, АПиПЯЯ 287.

Chinese: "見" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *qēn

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

 

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=Hā́rq̇Vn

Meaning: to see

North Caucasian: *=Hārq̇_V(n)

Sino-Tibetan: *qēn

Burushaski: *-ɣán

Basque: *e=ku-śi

Comments and references : WFR 120.

Meaning: see, look, know

Chinese: 見 *kēns see, apprehend (cf. also gēns appear).

 

Character: 見

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: kēns

Classic Old Chinese: kēnh

Western Han Chinese: kjānh

Eastern Han Chinese: kiānh

Early Postclassic Chinese: kiḕn

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kiḕn

Late Postclassic Chinese: kiḕn

Middle Chinese: kìen

English meaning : to see, look at; see someone, have an audience; receive in audience

Russian meaning[s]: 1) видеть, увидеть, заметить; воспринимать, ощущать (органами зрения, слуха и обоняния); 2) навестить, посетить; принять (гостя); 3) взгляды, воззрения; мнение, понимание, концепция; 4) быть замеченным, быть в поле зрения; 5) оказаться, очутиться; 6) формант пассива; 7) стать; дойти до...; пойти на...; постепенно становиться; [xiàn] появиться; обнаружить(ся), показать(ся), проявить(ся); быть налицо; теперь, ныне, вм. 現

Shuowen gloss: 視也.從目几.凡見之屬皆從見. [407]

Comments: Also read *gēns (see 現). Viet. kén 'to choose, select' ( < 'to look'?) is possibly an early loan; regular Sino-Viet. is kiến.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

 

Number: 450

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 見

MC description : 山開四去霰見

ZIHUI: 6015 1856

Beijing: ćian 3

Jinan: ćiã 3

Xi'an: ćiã 3

Taiyuan: ćiɛ 3

Hankou: ćian 3

Chengdu: ćian 3

Yangzhou: ćî̃ 3

Suzhou: ćî 31

Wenzhou: ći 31

Changsha: ćiẽ 31

Shuangfeng: ćî̃ 31

Nanchang: ćiɛn 31

Meixian: kian 3

Guangzhou: kin 31

Xiamen: kian 31 (lit.); kĩ 31

Chaozhou: kĩ 31

Fuzhou: kieŋ 31

Shanghai: ćî 3

Zhongyuan yinyun: kien 3

Radical: 147

Four-angle index: 7411

Karlgren code: 0241 a-d

Vietnamese reading: kén

Jianchuan Bai: -kẽ2

Shijing occurrences: 10.1, 10.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 42.1, 58.1

Tibetan: mkhjen to know, understand.

Lushai: en to look, look at, glance.

Comments: Cf. PAA *KVń 'think'.

Chinese: "看" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *khān (~ *gh-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

 

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=alg[w]Ăn (?)

Meaning: to know, ask

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *=alg[w]Ăn

Sino-Tibetan: *khān (~ *gh-)

Meaning: see, look, know

Chinese: 看 *khān(s) look, see, regard.

 

Character: 看

Modern (Beijing) reading: kàn

Preclassic Old Chinese: khāns (~ -rs)

Classic Old Chinese: khānh

Western Han Chinese: khānh

Eastern Han Chinese: khānh

Early Postclassic Chinese: khā̀n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khā̀n

Late Postclassic Chinese: khā̀n

Middle Chinese: khần

English meaning : to inquire, investigate; to see,look [Han]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) смотреть; просматривать, читать (про себя); 2) навещать; зайти, заглянуть; 3) обходиться как с...; принимать за...; 4) попробовать; посмотрим; 5) думать, считать, полагать; 6) зависеть от...; в зависимости от...; 7) предупредить, уберечься от...; 8) как кажется; как будто; 9) подойти с (чьей-л.) точки зрения; [kān] 1) следить за...; присматривать; ухаживать за (больным, ребенком); 2) охранять, взять под надзор; задержать, арестовать

Comments: Also read *khān (~-r), MC khân, Mand. kān 'to guard, preserve' [Sui].

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

 

Number: 815

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 看

MC description : 山開一去翰溪

ZIHUI: 4170 1752

Beijing: khan 3

Jinan: khã 3

Xi'an: khã 3

Taiyuan: khä̃ 3

Hankou: khan 3

Chengdu: khan 3

Yangzhou: khɛ̃ 3

Suzhou: khö 31

Wenzhou: khö 31

Changsha: khan 31

Shuangfeng: khiɛ̃ 31

Nanchang: khɔn 2

Meixian: khɔn 3

Guangzhou: hɔn 31

Xiamen: khan 31

Chaozhou: thoĩ 21

Fuzhou: khaŋ 31

Shanghai: khö 3

Zhongyuan yinyun: khan 3

Radical: 109

Four-angle index: 1684

Karlgren code: 0142 a

Vietnamese reading: khán

Jianchuan Bai: xã4, ?ã1

Dali Bai: xa4

Bijiang Bai: ?e1

Tibetan: mkhan teacher, professor, mkhas ( < *mkhan-s ?) skilled, skillful, wise, scholar.

Kiranti: *ʔkǝŋ (/-k) (?)

Comments: Rodong khan, Waling khaŋ`. Sh. 146.

영어사전

guarantee 

1. 굳은 약속, 확약   2. (제품의) 품질 보증서   3. 보장(하는 것)

국어사전

개런티 (guarantee) 

[명사] 출연할 때에 계약에 따라 받는 금액. ‘출연료’로 순화.

Meaning: "true" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-IE: *wēr- (Gr w-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: true, benevolent

Old Greek: ē̂ra phérẹ̄n, epì ē̂ra phérẹ̄n `jmdm. einen Gefallen tun', epí-ēro- `gefällig, angenehm, willkommen'

Slavic: *vḗrā

Germanic: *wēr-a- adj., *wēr-ia- adj.; *wḗr-ō f., *wēr-an- m., *war-ō(n-) f.

Latin: vērus, -a `wahr'; sevērus, -a `ernsthaft, gesetzt, streng, grausam'

Celtic: Ir fīr `wahr'; Cymr cywir `recht, treu, aufrichtig, wahr', gwir `wahr'

Russ. meaning: верный, благосклонный

References: WP I 286 f

Meaning: "true" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *[ti]n / *[ti]ŋ

Meaning: true

Chinese: 真 *tin true, real.

 

Character: 真

Modern (Beijing) reading: zhēn

Preclassic Old Chinese: tin

Classic Old Chinese: tin

Western Han Chinese: tjǝn

Eastern Han Chinese: ćǝn

Early Postclassic Chinese: ćin

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ćin

Late Postclassic Chinese: ćin

Middle Chinese: ćin

English meaning : true, real, sincere [LZ]

Russian meaning[s]: 1) настоящий, истинный; фактический, подлинный; достоверный; правда, истина, действительность; по правде, в самом деле, фактически; 2) искренний, правдивый; 3) 11-е число (в телеграммах); 4) Чжэнь (фамилия)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 12

Four-angle index: 7900

Karlgren code: 0375 a

Vietnamese reading: chân

Jianchuan Bai: cɛ̃4

Dali Bai: ci5

Bijiang Bai: čẽr4

Tibetan: bden be true.

Kachin: teŋ² be true.

Comments: Simon 21.