우리말 말 의 발음변천변화에 대하여 prattle,word 어원

[나비우스]

말 어디서 부터 시작되었나?

팥-->받-->말

터키어는 밭-->앝 

순경음 ㅂ 즉 v발음 탈락하였다.

prattle 마구 지껄이다.

(시)부렸을 불렀을 

r은 생략이 잘되므로 어근 팥 에 해당한다.

word 바르드-->마라다(말하다)

w는 과거 v발음 

말을 잘하는 것을 fluent 유창하다고 한다.

흐르니드-->어원

 물이 흘러가듯 굴러가듯 거침없이 잘 나오는 것이다.

혀를 잘 굴리는 것을 말한다. 

flow 흐름

흘러-->어원 

Meaning : "chat" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Dravidian : *vadar_-

Meaning : to chatter, prattle

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

 

Eurasiatic: *watV

Meaning: to speak

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *wed- (WP 1, 251)

 

Proto-IE: *wod- (Gr w-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to speak, to sing, to scold, etc.

Hittite: uttar n. (r/n) 'Wort' (Friedrich 237 - but cf. also *wāt- 1214)

Tokharian: A wätk-, B watk- `befehlen'

Old Indian: vádati, ptc. uditá- `to speak, say, utter, tell'; vāditra- n. `musical instrument, music', vāda- `speaking of or about', m. `speech, discourse, talk'; vándati, -te `to praise, laud, extol'

Old Greek: hüdéō, hǘdō `besingen, verherrlichen', hǘdä = phḗmē, ōidḗ Theognost.; hǘdǟs, ḕ poiētḗs Hsch.; *wodáō: godā̂n = klaíein Hsch., *wodó-: godón = góēta Hsch; ? au̯dǟ́ f. `(menschliche) Stimme, Laut, Rede'

Slavic: *vā́dā, *vā́dītī

Baltic: ? *wad-in̂-, *wad-ī̂- vb. (some forms)

Russ. meaning: говорить, петь, ругать etc.

References: WP I 251 f

Altaic: *ót`e (~-t-)

 

Proto-Altaic: *ŏ́t`è (~-t-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: sound

Russian meaning: звук, звучать

Turkic: *öt-

 

Proto-Turkic: *öt-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to sing (of birds) 2 to say 3 to ask, request

Russian meaning: 1 петь (о птицах) 2 сказать, говорить 3 просить

Old Turkic: öt- 1 (OUygh.), ötün- 3 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: öt- 1, ötün- 3 (MK)

Turkish: öt- 1

Tatar: üten- 3

Middle Turkic: öt- 2 (Pav. C.)

Uighur: ötün- 3

Turkmen: ötün- 3

Chuvash: avъt- 1

Yakut: et- 2

Dolgan: et- 2

Tuva: e't- 1

Tofalar: e't- 1

Salar: edi- 2

Comments: VEWT 52, ЭСТЯ 1, 556, 557-558, EDT 39, 62, Егоров 21, Stachowski 48. The Chuv. form is somewhat aberrant phonetically: it is possible that the actual Chuv. reflex of this root is vitǝn- `to ask' - while Chuv. avъt- (together with avtan, atan `cock', Tat. ätäč `cock') goes back to a separate PT root *ebt-, possibly going back to PA *ip`i (~-p-,-e) `to say, speak' q. v.

Mongolian: *öči-

 

Proto-Mongolian: *öči-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to report; to pray 2 to sing a song

Russian meaning: 1 докладывать, сообщать; молиться 2 петь песню

Written Mongolian: öči- 1

Middle Mongolian: oči- (SH, HYt) 1

Khalkha: öč- 1

Kalmuck: öčǝ- 1

Ordos: öčö- 'réciter à haute voix (prière)'

Dagur: učule- 2 (Тод. Даг. 172)

Comments: KW 302. Mong. (cf. the Dag. form) > Man. učule- 'sing', Man., Sol. učun 'song' (see ТМС 2, 297).

Tungus-Manchu: *(x)ot-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *(x)ot-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to shout, cry

Russian meaning: кричать

Evenki: otutka-

Comments: ТМС 2, 29. Attested only in Evk., but having probable external parallels.

Japanese: *ǝ́tǝ̀

 

Proto-Japanese: *ǝ́tǝ̀

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sound

Russian meaning: звук

Old Japanese: oto

Middle Japanese: ótò

Tokyo: otó

Kyoto: ótò

Kagoshima: óto

Comments: JLTT 513.

Comments: KW 302, Владимирцов 323, Poppe 51, АПиПЯЯ 286. Despite TMN 2, 134, not borrowed in Mong. < Turk.

Uralic: *wa[t]V 'word' (Sam.: Castrén Verz. 304); ? att3 'sagen' (ug.; 1747)

Dravidian: *vadar_- (+ SDr *ōd- 'read, recite')

Eskimo-Aleut: *atǝʁ, *atRiʁ-

References: МССНЯ 336; ND 2547 *wot(Vʔ)E 'to speak, utter sounds' (w/o Ur.), 2553 *wAṭVrV 'speak'.

Proto-South Dravidian: *vadar_-

 

Proto-South Dravidian : *vadar_-

Meaning : to chatter

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : vatar_u (vatar_i-)

Tamil meaning : to chatter, prate, be talkative, lisp, abuse

Kannada : odar_u

Kannada meaning : to sound, cry aloud, shout, shriek, howl

Kannada derivates : caus. odar_isu; odar_uvike sounding, crying aloud

Tulu : badaritana

Tulu meaning : defamation

Number in DED : 5244

Proto-Telugu : *vadar-

 

Proto-Telugu : *vadar-

Meaning : to prattle, prate, babble, chatter, jabber

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : vadaru

Telugu (Krishnamurti) : vaduru

Additional forms : Also vadarũbōtu prattler, babbler; (K) odaru to prattle, prate, abuse

Number in DED : 5244

우리말 혀 에 대한 어원을 찾아보았다.

kele 

ㅎ은 과거 kh발음이고 l은 반모음 이으 

 과거음 켜 에 가까운 발음.

케르 헤르 헬 몽골어에서는 헬 이라고 한다.

언어,말이라는 뜻이다.

ㅎ과 ㅅ호환으로 헤 세 혀 셔 등 다양한 발음이 나온다.

셔 북경어 

새 나 세 는 혀의 경상도사투리 발음 

서르 설 舌 한자발음 

Meaning: "tongue" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Altaic: *k`i̯ăli

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: tongue

Russian meaning: язык

Turkic: *kele-

 

Proto-Turkic: *kele-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to speak 2 talk, conversation

Russian meaning: 1 говорить 2 речь, слово

Old Turkic: kele-čü 2

Turkish: dial. keleǯi 2

Middle Turkic: keleči 2 (Houts.), keleče 2 (MA)

Chuvash: kala- 1

Kirghiz: keleč-söz 2

Comments: VEWT 248, ЭСТЯ 5, 32-33, EDT 716 (Clauson considers the word to be a foreign loan which is dubious, see Clark 1977, 136-138). It is also worth mentioning Tur. kelime, Az. kälmä 'word', Turkm. keleme 'sacred words of Qur'an pronounced for protection' - usually regarded as Arabisms, but with some peculiarities (front vocalism, final -e) that could actually indicate Turkic origin, with a secondary merger with the Arabic loan.

Mongolian: *kele-

 

Proto-Mongolian: *kele-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to say 2 tongue, language

Russian meaning: 1 сказать, говорить 2 язык

Written Mongolian: kele- 1, kele 2 (L 447)

Middle Mongolian: kele(n), (SH), kelen (HY 45) 2, kele- 1 (SH, HYt), kele- (IM), kä̆lä̆-, kilä̆n 1 (MA)

Khalkha: xele- 1, xel 2

Buriat: xele- 1, xele(n) 2

Kalmuck: kelǝ- 1, kelṇ 2

Ordos: kele- 1, kele 2

Dongxian: kielie- 1, kielien 2

Baoan: kele- 1, kelaŋ (MGCD kalaŋ) 2

Dagur: xele- 1, xeli, xeĺ 2 (Тод. Даг. 175), hele- 1, heli 2 (MD 159)

Shary-Yoghur: kelen 2

Monguor: kile- 1, kile 2 (SM 203)

Mogol: kelä- 1, (Weiers), kelän 2; ZM kelä (2-4b) 2

Comments: KW 223, 224, MGCD 340. Mong. > Evk. kele etc., see Doerfer MT 131, Rozycki 104.

Tungus-Manchu: *xilŋü

Korean: *kằró-

 

Proto-Korean: *kằró-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to say (a defective verb)

Russian meaning: говорить (глагол, вводящий прямую речь)

Modern Korean: kalodwe

Middle Korean: kằródắi

Comments: Nam 11, KED 12.

Comments: EAS 47, KW 223, ОСНЯ 1, 346, TMN 1, 471-472 ("altes indoeur. Lw." - ?), АПиПЯЯ 57-58, 292. Despite the latter source, Kor. hjǝ́ 'tongue' is to be separated - see a discussion in Miller 1998, who has (following Shiratori), instead compared Kor. kăro- (but, quite unjustly, separated PTM *xilŋü). The Korean reflex remains, however, questionable, since the word can also - following Martin 1996, 75 - be compared with Jpn. *kátár- 'tell', and thus derived from *k`ēro q. v.

Proto-Altaic: *tilV