PART 5 // chapter 1-3

[모나리자]

"그러면 당신은 다른 사람의 테이블에 앉아서 그 사람과 당신을 초대한 사람들을 모욕할 것입니다. 에?" "모욕이 아니라 항의입니다. 좋은 목적으로 해야 합니다. 간접적으로 계몽과 선전의 대의를 도울 수 있습니다. 계몽과 선전을 위해 일하는 것은 모든 사람의 의무이며, 더 가혹할수록 더 좋을 것입니다. 나는 씨앗, 아이디어를 떨어뜨릴 수 있습니다... 그리고 그 씨앗에서 무언가가 자랄 수 있습니다.

어떻게 모욕해야 합니까? 처음에는 기분이 상할 수도 있지만 나중에는 내가 그들에게 도움이 되었다는 것을 알게 될 것입니다. 아시다시피, 테레비예바(지금은 지역 사회에 있음)는 비난을 받았습니다. 그녀는 가족을 떠나... 헌신하고... 아버지와 어머니에게 관습대로 살지 않고 자유 결혼을 한다고 편지를 썼고, 그것은 너무 가혹하다고 말했고, 그녀가 그들을 아끼고 더 친절하게 편지를 썼을 수도 있다고 말했습니다.

저는 그것이 모두 말도 안 되는 소리라고 생각하고 부드러울 필요가 없다고 생각합니다. 반대로, 필요한 것은 항의입니다. 바렌츠는 결혼한 지 7년 되었고, 두 자녀를 버렸습니다. 그녀는 남편에게 편지에서 직접 말했습니다. '나는 당신과 함께 행복할 수 없다는 것을 깨달았습니다. 당신이 공동체를 통해 다른 사회 조직이 있다는 것을 나에게 숨김으로써 나를 속인 것을 결코 용서할 수 없습니다. 나는 최근에야 내가 나 자신을 바치고 공동체를 세운 위대한 마음을 가진 사람에게서 그것을 배웠습니다.

나는 당신을 속이는 것이 부정직하다고 생각하기 때문에 솔직하게 말합니다. 당신이 가장 좋다고 생각하는 대로 하십시오. 나를 되찾기를 바라지 마십시오. 당신은 너무 늦었습니다. 당신이 행복하기를 바랍니다.' 그런 편지는 이렇게 써야 합니다!" "당신이 세 번째 자유 결혼을 했다고 말한 테레비예바가 맞습니까?" "아니요, 실제로는 두 번째일 뿐입니다! 하지만 네 번째라면, 열다섯 번째라면, 그건 다 헛소리입니다! 그리고 내가 아버지와 어머니의 죽음을 후회한다면, 지금이고, 가끔 부모님이 살아 계셨다면 얼마나 큰 항의를 했을지 생각해 봅니다! 나는 의도적으로 무언가를 했을 겁니다... 그들에게 보여줬을 겁니다! 그들을 놀라게 했을 겁니다! 아무도 없어서 정말 죄송합니다!”

“놀라게 하려고요! 하하하! 글쎄요, 당신이 원하는 대로 하세요.” 표트르 페트로비치가 말을 가로채며 말했다. “하지만 이렇게 말해 보세요. 죽은 사람의 딸을 아십니까? 그 섬세해 보이는 작은 녀석? 그녀에 대한 사람들의 말이 사실인가요?” “뭐라고요? 제 생각에는, 제 개인적인 확신으로는 이것이 여성의 정상적인 상태입니다. 왜 안 되겠어요? 제 말은, 차별이죠. 우리 사회에서는 의무적이기 때문에 전적으로 정상적이지 않지만, 미래 사회에서는 자발적이기 때문에 완벽하게 정상적일 것입니다.

그렇더라도, 그녀는 옳았습니다. 그녀는 고통받고 있었고, 그것이 그녀의 자산이었고, 말하자면 그녀의 자본이었고, 그녀는 그것을 처분할 완벽한 권리가 있었습니다. 물론 미래 사회에서는 자산이 필요 없을 것이지만, 그녀의 역할은

다른 의미를 가질 것입니다. 합리적이고 주변 환경과 조화를 이룹니다. 소피아 세묘노브나에 대해 개인적으로 말씀드리자면, 저는 그녀의 행동을 사회 조직에 대한 강력한 항의로 간주하고, 그녀를 깊이 존경합니다. 그녀를 볼 때 정말 기쁩니다!" "당신이 그녀를 이 숙소에서 쫓아냈다고 들었습니다." 레베지아트니코프는 격노했습니다.

"그건 또 다른 중상모략입니다." 그는 소리쳤습니다. "전혀 그렇지 않았어요! 그것은 모두 카테리나 이바노브나가 만들어낸 것이었습니다. 그녀는 이해하지 못했기 때문입니다! 그리고 저는 소피아 세묘노브나와 사랑을 나누지 않았습니다! 저는 그녀를 완전히 무관심하게 개발하고, 그녀가 항의하도록 일으키려고 했습니다.... 제가 원했던 것은 그녀의 항의뿐이었고, 소피아 세묘노브나는 어차피 여기 머물 수 없었을 것입니다!" "당신은 그녀에게 당신의 공동체에 합류하라고 요청했습니까?" "당신은 계속 웃고 있고, 매우 부적절합니다. 제가 말씀드리겠습니다. 당신은 이해하지 못합니다! 커뮤니티에는 그런 역할이 없습니다. 커뮤니티는 그런 역할이 없어야 한다는 것을 확립했습니다. 커뮤니티에서 그런 역할은 본질적으로 변형되고, 여기서 어리석은 것이 저기에서 현명해지고, 현재 상황에서 부자연스러운 것이 커뮤니티에서 완벽하게 자연스러워집니다. 그것은 모두 환경에 달려 있습니다.

그것은 모두 환경이고 인간 자체는 아무것도 아닙니다. 그리고 저는 오늘날까지 소피아 세묘노브나와 좋은 관계를 유지하고 있는데, 그것은 그녀가 저를 그녀에게 잘못한 것으로 여기지 않았다는 증거입니다. 저는 지금 그녀를 커뮤니티로 끌어들이려고 노력하고 있지만, 아주, 아주 다른 입장에서 말입니다. 당신은 무엇을 비웃고 있습니까? 우리는 더 넓은 기반에서 우리만의 특별한 커뮤니티를 만들려고 노력하고 있습니다. 우리는 우리의 신념에서 더 나아갔습니다. 우리는 더 많은 것을 거부합니다! 그동안 저는 여전히 소피아 세묘노브나를 개발하고 있습니다.

그녀는 아름답고 아름다운 성격을 가지고 있어요!" "그리고 당신은 그녀의 훌륭한 성격을 이용하고 있죠, 응? 하하하!" "아니, 아니! 오, 아니! 그 반대예요." "오, 그 반대예요! 하하하하! 이상한 말이에요!" "저를 믿으세요! 왜 제가 그것을 감추어야 하죠? 사실, 그녀가 저에게 얼마나 소심하고, 순결하고, 현대적이냐는 게 제 자신도 이상하게 느껴져요!" "그리고 당신은 물론 그녀를 개발하고 있어요... 하하하! 그녀에게 그 모든 겸손이 말도 안 된다는 걸 증명하려고 하죠?"

"전혀 아니에요, 전혀 아니에요! 얼마나 거칠고, 얼마나 멍청하게—실례합니다—개발이라는 단어를 오해하고 있어요! 세상에, 당신은 여전히 ​​얼마나... 거칠어요!

우리는 여성의 자유를 위해 노력하고 있고 당신은 머릿속에 단 하나의 생각만 가지고 있어요... 순결에 대한 일반적인 질문과 여성적 겸손이 그 자체로는 쓸모없고 실제로 편견이라는 것을 제쳐두고, 저는 그녀의 순결을 전적으로 받아들입니다. 왜냐하면 그것은 그녀가 결정할 일이기 때문입니다. 물론 그녀가 나를 원한다고 직접 말한다면, 나는 매우 운이 좋다고 생각할 것이다. 왜냐하면 나는 그 소녀를 매우 좋아하기 때문이다. 하지만 지금으로선, 아무도 나보다 그녀를 더 정중하게 대하고, 그녀의 존엄성을 더 존중한 적이 없다...

나는 그저 희망을 품고 기다릴 뿐이다!" "그녀에게 뭔가 선물을 주는 게 낫겠지. 넌 그런 생각을 한 적이 없을 거야." "이해하지 못하겠지, 내가 이미 말했잖아! 물론 그녀는 그런 처지에 있지만, 그건 또 다른 문제야. 완전히 다른 문제야! 너는 그저 그녀를 멸시할 뿐이야. 네가 실수로 경멸받을 만한 사실을 보고, 동료 생명체에 대한 인도적인 관점을 취하는 것을 거부하는 거야.

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6752p

“Then you would sit down at another man’s table and insult it and those who invited you. Eh?” “Certainly not insult, but protest. I should do it with a good object. I might indirectly assist the cause of enlightenment and propaganda. It’s a duty of every man to work for enlightenment and propaganda and the more harshly, perhaps, the better. I might drop a seed, an idea.... And something might grow up from that seed.

How should I be insulting them? They might be offended at first, but afterwards they’d see I’d done them a service. You know, Terebyeva (who is in the community now) was blamed because when she left her family and... devoted... herself, she wrote to her father and mother that she wouldn’t go on living conventionally and was entering on a free marriage and it was said that that was too harsh, that she might have spared them and have written more kindly.

I think that’s all nonsense and there’s no need of softness; on the contrary, what’s wanted is protest. Varents had been married seven years, she abandoned her two children, she told her husband straight out in a letter: ‘I have realised that I cannot be happy with you. I can never forgive you that you have deceived me by concealing from me that there is another organisation of society by means of the communities. I have only lately learned it from a great-hearted man to whom I have given myself and with whom I am establishing a community.

I speak plainly because I consider it dishonest to deceive you. Do as you think best. Do not hope to get me back, you are too late. I hope you will be happy.’ That’s how letters like that ought to be written!” “Is that Terebyeva the one you said had made a third free marriage?” “No, it’s only the second, really! But what if it were the fourth, what if it were the fifteenth, that’s all nonsense! And if ever I regretted the death of my father and mother, it is now, and I sometimes think if my parents were living what a protest I would have aimed at them! I would have done something on purpose... I would have shown them! I would have astonished them! I am really sorry there is no one!”

“To surprise! He-he! Well, be that as you will,” Pyotr Petrovitch interrupted, “but tell me this; do you know the dead man’s daughter, the delicate-looking little thing? It’s true what they say about her, isn’t it?” “What of it? I think, that is, it is my own personal conviction that this is the normal condition of women. Why not? I mean, distinguons. In our present society it is not altogether normal, because it is compulsory, but in the future society it will be perfectly normal, because it will be voluntary.

Even as it is, she was quite right: she was suffering and that was her asset, so to speak, her capital which she had a perfect right to dispose of. Of course, in the future society there will be no need of assets, but her part will have

another significance, rational and in harmony with her environment. As to Sofya Semyonovna personally, I regard her action as a vigorous protest against the organisation of society, and I respect her deeply for it; I rejoice indeed when I look at her!” “I was told that you got her turned out of these lodgings.” Lebeziatnikov was enraged.

“That’s another slander,” he yelled. “It was not so at all! That was all Katerina Ivanovna’s invention, for she did not understand! And I never made love to Sofya Semyonovna! I was simply developing her, entirely disinterestedly, trying to rouse her to protest.... All I wanted was her protest and Sofya Semyonovna could not have remained here anyway!” “Have you asked her to join your community?” “You keep on laughing and very inappropriately, allow me to tell you. You don’t understand! There is no such rôle in a community. The community is established that there should be no such rôles. In a community, such a rôle is essentially transformed and what is stupid here is sensible there, what, under present conditions, is unnatural becomes perfectly natural in the community. It all depends on the environment.

It’s all the environment and man himself is nothing. And I am on good terms with Sofya Semyonovna to this day, which is a proof that she never regarded me as having wronged her. I am trying now to attract her to the community, but on quite, quite a different footing. What are you laughing at? We are trying to establish a community of our own, a special one, on a broader basis. We have gone further in our convictions. We reject more! And meanwhile I’m still developing Sofya Semyonovna.

She has a beautiful, beautiful character!” “And you take advantage of her fine character, eh? He-he!” “No, no! Oh, no! On the contrary.” “Oh, on the contrary! He-he-he! A queer thing to say!” “Believe me! Why should I disguise it? In fact, I feel it strange myself how timid, chaste and modern she is with me!” “And you, of course, are developing her... he-he! trying to prove to her that all that modesty is nonsense?”

“Not at all, not at all! How coarsely, how stupidly—excuse me saying so—you misunderstand the word development! Good heavens, how... crude you still are!

We are striving for the freedom of women and you have only one idea in your head.... Setting aside the general question of chastity and feminine modesty as useless in themselves and indeed prejudices, I fully accept her chastity with me, because that’s for her to decide. Of course if she were to tell me herself that she wanted me, I should think myself very lucky, because I like the girl very much; but as it is, no one has ever treated her more courteously than I, with more respect for her dignity...

I wait in hopes, that’s all!” “You had much better make her a present of something. I bet you never thought of that.” “You don’t understand, as I’ve told you already! Of course, she is in such a position, but it’s another question. Quite another question! You simply despise her. Seeing a fact which you mistakenly consider deserving of contempt, you refuse to take a humane view of a fellow creature.