구라치다 구라까다의 어원,管 관 한자발음 상고음,hole,cave어원,우리말 골(구멍),굴의 어원,일본어 가라의 어원

[나비우스]

管 관

안이 비어있는 구멍이 있다.

管 [guǎn] 

1.(원통형의) 관. 호스. 2.관할하다. 3.관리하다. 지키다

관 [管, pipe]

管    

かん 음독 くだ 훈독 

캔 (can)  

缶かん.

から[空·虚]    

[명사]

빔; 공.

허공.

아무것도 갖고 있지 않음.

상고음 khwar  혹은 khawar

w가 생략되고 khar  khara  가라-->비어있는,구멍의 뜻 일본어가 된다.

우리말 고르 골 ,굴 cave 영어의 hole과 같은 어원이다.

고비사막 역시 같은 어원인데 텅빈 황량한 곳을 말한다.

크바르-->콰르-->콴-->관 

구라치다 구라까다 라고 많이 쓴다.

구라 구르 굴  동굴처럼 속이 없는 것이다.내용이 없다.곧 거짓.

뭐 우리말이라해도 상관이 없다.

빈 말 공허한 말을 뜻하는 것이다.

Chinese: "管" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Guaɫ

Meaning: think, consider

Chinese: 管 *kʷānʔ to manage.

 

Character: 管

Modern (Beijing) reading: guǎn

Preclassic Old Chinese: kʷānʔ

Classic Old Chinese: kwā́n

Western Han Chinese: kwā́n

Eastern Han Chinese: kwā́n

Early Postclassic Chinese: kwā́n

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kwā́n

Late Postclassic Chinese: kwā́n

Middle Chinese: kwấn

English meaning : flute, pipe

Russian meaning[s]: 1) заведовать, управлять; 2) заниматься, ведать; интересоваться; 3) трубка; дудка; флейта; 4) узкий, ограниченный; мой; 5) счетный суффикс кистей; 6) Гуань (фамилия)

Comments: = 筦 q.v. Also used for a homonymous *kʷānʔ 'to manage'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

 

Number: 1870

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 管

MC description : 山合一上緩見

ZIHUI: 4619 1958

Beijing: kuan 2

Jinan: kuã 2

Xi'an: kuã 2

Taiyuan: kuä̃ 2

Hankou: kuan 2

Chengdu: kuan 2

Yangzhou: kuo 2

Suzhou: kuö 2

Wenzhou: ky 21

Changsha: kõ 2

Shuangfeng: kuɛ̃ 2

Nanchang: kuɔn 2

Meixian: kuɔn 2

Guangzhou: kun 21

Xiamen: kuan 2

Chaozhou: kueŋ 21

Fuzhou: kuaŋ 2

Shanghai: kuö 3

Zhongyuan yinyun: kon 2

Radical: 118

Four-angle index: 1466

Karlgren code: 0157 h

Vietnamese reading: qua`n

Shijing occurrences: 42.2_

Kachin: gon² to consider.

Lushai: hual to mark or make mental note.

Proto-Altaic: *górà ( ~ -ŕ-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to starve, be empty

Russian meaning: голодать, быть пустым

Mongolian: *guri-

 

Proto-Mongolian: *guri-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hungry, starving

Russian meaning: голодный, умирающий от голода

Written Mongolian: ɣuriɣa, ɣuriɣu

Khalkha: guriad-

Buriat: gurinxa

Kalmuck: ɣuŕǟ, ɣoŕū, ɣoŕǖ

Comments: KW 151, 155.

Tungus-Manchu: *gure-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gure-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: free, spacious

Russian meaning: свободный, просторный

Negidal: gujexī

Ulcha: gure

Orok: gurei

Nanai: guxe (irreg. < *gure-ke ?)

Oroch: gure-ni

Comments: ТМС 1, 169.

Korean: *kòrh-

 

Proto-Korean: *kòrh-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be hungry; to be empty

Russian meaning: быть голодным; быть пустым

Modern Korean: kophɨ-, kol- [kolh-]

Middle Korean: kòr-phằ-, kòrh-

Comments: Nam 51, KED 152, 160.

Japanese: *kárà

 

Proto-Japanese: *kárà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: empty

Russian meaning: пустой

Middle Japanese: kara (in comp.)

Tokyo: kará

Kyoto: kàrá

Kagoshima: kárà

Comments: JLTT 438. The accent in Kyoto is irregular, but Tokyo and Kagoshima point more or less certainly to *kárà. Despite Martin (ibid.), the word should be probably distinguished from *kárà 'shell'.

Comments: Martin 231 (Kor.-Jpn.)

Proto-Altaic: *gúpu ( ~ -o-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *gop`a

Meaning: hole, empty

Borean: Borean

 

Borean (approx.) : KVPV

Meaning : hole, empty

Eurasiatic : *gop`a

Afroasiatic : *kahVp- ~ *kVpVḥ- 'hole' 1533; *gub- 'hole, well' 1542

Austric : *kVp

Reference : Definitely more than 1 root. ОСНЯ 1, 232-233. [ND 586 *gobV 'plain' compares SH *g(ʷ)ab- 'earth, field' [1213] with Mong. *gobi; perhaps both < *'empty']; ND 651, 911.

Indo-European: *geup-, *kūp-

 

Proto-IE: *geup-, *gūp-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: cave, den, dug-out, mines

Old Greek: gǖ́pǟ 'vulture's nest' Hsch., = koílōma gē̂s, thalámē, gōnía Hsch.

Slavic: *žū́pā `соляная копь; могила; округ, семья, община'; *gъpnъ/*žūpānъ

Germanic: *kub-an- m.

Russ. meaning: пещера, копь, нора, землянка

References: WP I 555 f

Altaic: *kobu, *gupu (268)

Uralic: *koppa

 

Number: 357

Proto: *koppa

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: hollow, cavity

German meaning: etwas Gehöhltes, Gewölbtes

Finnish: koppa 'etw. Gehöhltes, Gewölbtes; Vorderteil des Kopfschädels; Korb, Schale' ? [also kopera 'hohl, gebogen', kope, gen. koppeen 'etwas Ausgehöhltes' - rejected by Redei]

Estonian: kopp (dial., gen. kopa) 'Schale, kleines Gefäß' ? ( < Schw.?)

Saam (Lapp): vī̊šne-kī̊ppe, -ki̊øppe (T) 'Hirnschale, Schädel', uejv-kuehp (Not.) 'Hirnschale' ? [also N goppe -b- ~ -v- 'hollow; round-shaped bottom' - rejected by Redei]

Mordovian: prea-kopaška 'Hirnschale' ? [also kopońä 'runde Schöpfkelle' - rejected by Redei]

Mari (Cheremis): (wuj-koprak 'Hirnschädel' - rejected by Redei)

Khanty (Ostyak): χopǝ (Sav.) 'Schädel'

Mansi (Vogul): lɛ̮jǝl-kapē̮ (TJ) 'Fußblatt', päŋk-kop (P), puŋk-χopi 'Schädel' ?

Hungarian: (hoporcs 'Aufwölbung; Erdscholle' - rejected by Redei)

Yukaghir parallels: +!

Kartvelian: *kwab-

 

Proto-Kartvelian: *kwab-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: пещера

English meaning: cave

Georgian: kwab-

Georgian meaning (Rus.): пещера, котел

Georgian meaning (Engl.): cave

Megrel: kwib-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): яма, котловина

Megrel meaning (Eng.): pit, pan

Svan: kwaba-

Svan meaning (Rus.): пещера ( < груз.?)

Svan meaning (Eng.): cave (< Georg.?)

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 197. Иллич-Свитыч (ОСНЯ 1, 232-233) сравнивает с ПИЕ *geup- 'полость, яма', урал. *koppa 'полый, пустой', алт. *goba/-i- 'полый, пустой' (следует: *kopu) и восстанавливает ностр. *gop`a 'полый, пустой'; однако с учетом картв. формы и исправленной алтайской следует восстанавливать *kop`V.

Dravidian: ?? Sdr. koppam (DEDR 2103); SDR *gav-i 'cave' (1176)

References: ОСНЯ 1, 232-233, МССНЯ 358; ND 651 *go(w)ṗ[ü] 'hollow, empty, hole', 911 *kohṗE 'cave, pit' (indeed more than one root, but have to be sorted out).

Meaning: empty, hollow

Russian meaning: пустой, полый

Mongolian: *gobi-

 

Proto-Mongolian: *gobi-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 chute 2 empty place, desert

Russian meaning: 1 желоб 2 пустое место, пустыня

Written Mongolian: ɣobil 1, ɣobi, ɣobija 2 (L 357)

Khalkha: govil 1, gov́ 2

Buriat: gobil 1, gubi 2

Kalmuck: ɣoẃl 1, ɣuẃ, ɣoẃǝ, ɣöẃǝ, ɣowi 2 КРС 164.

Ordos: Guwil, Guwi 2

Dongxian: gobi

Baoan: gǝbi

Dagur: gobi, gob́ (Тод. Даг. 132) 2

Shary-Yoghur: gobi

Comments: KW 152, MGCD 296. Mong. > Evk. gowi, Man. gobi, see Doerfer MT 102, Rozycki 90. Forms like Kaz. qobɨ, Oyr. qobɨ etc. (ЭСТЯ 6, 6-7) are also most likely < Mong.

Tungus-Manchu: *gub-

 

Japanese: *kùp-

 

Comments: An expressive root; not quite reliable because of scanty reflexation in TM and possible contaminations with *gĕbo et al. On a possible reflex in Turk. see under *kŏ́bú.