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Mortal Engines is the first of four novels in Philip Reeve's quartet of the same name. The book focuses on a futuristic, steampunk version of London, now a giant machine striving to survive on a world running out of resources. The book has won a Nestlé Smarties Book Prize and was shortlisted for the 2002 Whitbread Award.
Mortal Engines 은 필립 리브의 4개의 소설 중의 첫번째 책이다. 이 책은 런던의 미래 지향적steampunk 버전(신조어) 역사적 배경에 공상과학이나 판타지 요소를 적용하고 전자제품 대신 증기로 작동하는 기계가 등장하는 문학 장르 (steam-punk로도 표기함)으로, 이제 거대한 기계가 세계 자원의 고갈에서 살아남기 위해 노력하는데 초점을 맞춘다. 책은 2002년 화이트 브레드 상 최종 후보자 명단에 들어 있는 네슬레 Smarties 책 상을 수상했다.
The book is set in a post-apocalyptic world, ravaged by a "Sixty Minute War", which caused massive geological upheaval. To escape the earthquakes, volcanoes, and other instabilities, a Nomad leader called Nikola Quercus (known as god Nicholas Quirke by the time of the book) installed huge engines and wheels on London, and enabled it to dismantle (or eat) other cities for resources. The technology rapidly spread, and evolved into what is known as "Municipal Darwinism". Although the planet has since become stable, Municipal Darwinism has spread to most of the world except for Asia and parts of Africa. Much technological and scientific knowledge was lost during the war. Because scientific progress has almost completely halted, "Old Tech" is highly prized and recovered by scavengers and archaeologists. Europe, some of Asia, North Africa, Antarctica, and the Arctic are dominated by Traction Cities, whereas North America was so ravaged by the war that it is often identified as "the dead continent", and the rest of the world is the stronghold of the Anti-Traction League, which seeks to keep cities from moving and thus stop the intense consumption of the planet's remaining resources.
이 책은 거대한 지질학적 격변을 일으킨 "60분전쟁"으로 황폐화된 종말 이후의 세계를 배경으로 하고 있다. 지진, 화산, 그리고 다른 불안정성을 피하기 위해, 니콜라 쿠에르쿠스라고 불리는 유목민 지도자는 런던에 거대한 엔진과 바퀴를 설치했고, 자원을 위해 다른 도시들을 해체(또는 먹을 수 있게) 게 가능하게 했다. 이 기술은 빠르게 확산되었고, "도시 다윈주의"라고 알려진 것으로 진화했다. 비록 그 후 행성이 안정되었지만, 도시 다윈주의는 아시아와 아프리카의 일부를 제외한 세계 대부분으로 퍼져나갔다. 많은 기술적, 과학적 지식이 전쟁 중에 사라졌다. 과학적 진보가 거의 완전히 중단되었기 때문에, "올드 테크"는 매우 소중히 여겨지고 있고, 청소부들과 고고학자들에 의해 복구되었다. 유럽, 아시아, 북아프리카, 남극, 북극의 일부는 트랙션 시티가 지배하고 있는 반면, 북아메리카는 전쟁으로 황폐화되어 종종 "죽은 대륙"으로 식별되고, 나머지 지역은 도시들이 움직이지 못하게 하여 지구의 남은 자원에 대한 격렬한 소비를 멈추게 하려는 안티 트랙션 리그의 거점이다.
London is the principal Traction City in the novel, which has returned to a Victorian-era society. London's society is divided into four major and a number of minor Guilds. The Engineers are responsible for maintaining the machines necessary for the survival of London, many of which are found by the Guild of Historians. The Historians are in charge of collecting and preserving highly prized, often dangerous artifacts. The Navigators are responsible for steering and plotting the course of London. The Merchants are in charge of running London's economy. London is officially ruled by an elected Mayor. The Lord Mayor is Magnus Crome, who is also the head of the Guild of Engineers. Like most Traction Cities, London is built on a series of tiers. This encourages the system of social classes, with the wealthier nobles at the top of the city and the lower classes further down, closer to the noise and pollution of the city's massive engines. Atop the whole of London sits St Paul's Cathedral: the only building known to have survived the Sixty Minute War.
이 소설에서 런던은 빅토리아 시대의 사회로 돌아온 주요 도시다. 런던 사회는 4개 주요한 길드와 다수의 소수 길드로 나뉜다. 기술자들은 런던의 생존을 위해 필요한 기계들을 유지할 책임이 있으며, 그 중 다수는 역사학 조합에 의해 발견된다. 역사가들은 매우 귀중하고 종종 위험한 유물들을 수집하고 보존하는 일을 맡고 있다. 네비게이터들은 런던의 항로를 조종하고 계획할 책임이 있다. 상인들은 런던의 경제를 경영하는 책임을 맡고 있다. 런던은 공식적으로 선출된 시장의 지배를 받는다. 마그너스 크롬 경은 엔지니어 길드의 우두머리이기도 하다. 대부분의 트랙션 시티들처럼, 런던은 일련의 계층 위에 지어진다. 이는 도시의 상층부에 있는 부유한 귀족들과 더 낮은 계급들이 도시의 거대한 엔진의 소음과 오염에 더 가까이 있는 사회 계층의 체계를 장려한다. 런던 전체 꼭대기에는 60분 전쟁에서 살아남은 것으로 알려진 유일한 건물인 세인트 폴 대성당이 자리잡고 있다.
The title is a quotation from Act III, Scene iii of William Shakespeare's play Othello ("Othello: And O you mortal engines whose rude throats/Th'immortal Jove's dread clamors counterfeit..." – Line 352). It refers to the fact that the society of Municipal Darwinism is not sustainable living and that the cities' engines are indeed mortal.
제목은 윌리엄 셰익스피어의 희곡 오델로의 3막 ("Othello: And O you mortal engines whose rude throats/Th'immortal Jove's dread clamors counterfeit..." – Line 352).에서 인용한 것이다. 그것은 도시 다윈주의의 사회가 지속가능한 삶이 아니라는 사실과 도시의 엔진은 정말로 언젠간 반드시 멈추리라는 사실을 말한다.
The book starts with the traction city of London chasing and catching a small mining town called Salthook. Tom Natsworthy, a teenage Apprentice Historian, is sent to the "Gut" of London, where towns are stripped for resources, after he skips a chore. Tom incidentally meets the Head of the Guild of Historians, Thaddeus Valentine, along with his daughter, Katherine. One of Salthook's residents, teenager Hester Shaw, attempts to assassinate Valentine, but Tom interferes and chases her. She reveals a disfiguring scar on her face and claims Valentine caused it, before escaping the London police through a chute. When Tom informs Valentine of her name, Valentine pushes him down into the chute. Tom and Hester recover outside of London within the Hunting Ground, and after an argument start following the city's tracks to reboard it.
The pair eventually boards a small town called Speedwell, where the owner Orme Wreyland drugs them and plans to sell the pair as slaves for profit at a trading cluster. Tom and Hester escape from Wreyland, meeting a friendly airship pilot called Anna Fang, who takes them in her airship the Jenny Haniver to the neutral flying city of Airhaven where they can find passage to London. At Airhaven, they are then attacked by a cyborg "Stalker" called Shrike, who was sent after them by the London Mayor Magnus Crome to kill them and bring their bodies to him.
Tom and Hester escape by stealing a hot-air balloon and drift over the Hunting Ground. Hester reveals that when she was a child, her parents were killed by Valentine as they would not give up an Ancient machine. Valentine then injured her and believed that she was dead. Hester escaped, and Shrike took care of her for most of her childhood. Despite the fact that Shrike was not supposed to have feelings, he developed a father-like bond with her. Wanting to avenge her parents, Hester left Shrike despite his pleas for her to stay and travelled to London. Shrike followed her, reaching London first, but was captured by Crome and used to create more Stalkers for London.
Hester sees that a London-built scoutship is following them and lowers the balloon onto the Hunting Ground. The scoutship, with Shrike on board, finds the pair and the Stalker confronts them. Before he can explain why he wants Hester to die, two chasing towns run over him, and Tom and Hester manage to board the second of these, a pirate town called Tunbridge Wheels. The mayor, Chrysler Peavy, who knows Hester from her days with Shrike, frees Tom as he is a resident of London and Peavy wishes to learn etiquette worthy of a Londoner gentleman. Tom convinces him to free Hester, and Peavy informs them that he plans to consume the downed Airhaven. While charging at it over shallow water, Tunbridge Wheels beaches on a coral reef, sinking it whilst the survivors escape inland with Tom and Hester. Whilst attempting to feebly retake Airhaven, Peavy gets stuck in a bog and his pirate subordinates shoot him, then attempt to execute Tom and Hester, but Shrike intervenes and kills the remaining pirates. Shrike explains to Hester that Crome had agreed to resurrect her as a Stalker similar to him after he brings back her body. She agrees to this, but Tom intervenes by stabbing Shrike in the chest, shutting him down and saving her life.
Valentine is sent away by Crome on a "secret mission", much to Katherine's dismay. Suspicious of her father, Katherine begins investigating events in London with the help of Apprentice Engineer Bevis Pod, whom she befriends after discovering he witnessed Tom chasing Hester. They discover that Valentine salvaged a monstrous ancient weapon called MEDUSA for London, and that the Guild of Engineers have reassembled it inside St Paul's Cathedral. The Cathedral's dome splits open to reveal MEDUSA, which is then used to destroy a much larger city pursuing London.
이 책은 런던의 트랙션 시티가 Salthook이라는 작은 광산 마을을 쫓고 잡는 것으로 시작한다. 10대 견습생 역사학자인 톰 나츠워시는 잡일을 거른 후, 마을들이 자원들을 빼앗긴 런던의 "굿Gut"으로 보내진다. 탐은 우연히 그의 딸 캐서린과 함께 역사학자 조합의 우두머리인 타드데우스 발렌타인Thaddeus Valentine을 만난다. 살숙의 주민 중 한 명인 10대 헤스터 쇼는 발렌타인을 암살하려 하지만, 톰은 그녀를 방해하고 쫓는다. 그녀는 얼굴에 흉터를 드러내며 발렌타인이 그것을 일으켰다고 주장한다. 톰이 발렌타인에게 그녀의 이름을 알리자, 발렌타인은 그를 밀고 내려가게 된다. 톰과 헤스터는 런던 외곽에서 헌팅 그라운드 안에서 회복하고, 말다툼이 있은 후, 런던을 다시 타기 위해 도시의 선로를 따라오기 시작한다.
이 커플은 결국 스피드웰Speedwell이라는 작은 마을에 입주하게 되는데, 이 곳에서 소유주인 오름 레이랜드Orme Wreyland가 약을 지어주고 이 커플을 무역 클러스터에서 이윤을 위해 노예로 팔 계획이다. 톰과 헤스터는 레이랜드에서 탈출하여, 애나 팽Anna Fang이라는 친근한 비행선 조종사를 만났는데, 애나 팽은 그들을 그녀의 비행선에 태우고 런던으로 가는 중립 비행 도시인 에어헤븐Airhaven으로 간다. 에어헤븐에서 그들은 슈라이크Shrike라고 불리는 사이보그 "Stalker"의 공격을 받는다. 슈라이크는 그들을 죽이고 그들의 시체를 그에게 가져다 주기 위해 런던 시장 Magnus Crome에 의해 그들을 쫓아 보내진 사이보그이다.
톰과 헤스터는 열기구를 훔쳐 달아나서 사냥터 위를 표류한다. 헤스터는 그녀가 어렸을 때 그녀의 부모님이 발렌타인에 의해 죽임을 당했다고 밝혔다. 그들이 고대의 기계를 포기하지 않았기 때문이다. 그리고 나서 발렌타인은 그녀를 다치게 했고 그녀가 죽었다고 믿었다. 헤스터는 탈출했고, 슈라이크는 그녀의 어린 시절 대부분을 그녀를 돌보았다. 슈리케는 감정이 없어야 한다는 사실에도 불구하고 그녀와 아버지 같은 유대감을 형성했다. 헤스터는 부모님의 원수를 갚고자 슈라이크를 떠나 그녀가 머물기를 간청하고 런던으로 여행을 떠났다. 슈라이크는 그녀를 따라 먼저 런던에 도착했지만 크롬에게 붙잡혀 런던을 위해 더 많은 스토커를 만들곤 했다.
헤스터는 런던에서 건설된 정찰선이 그들을 따라 사냥터로 향하는 것을 보고 풍선을 내린다. 슈라이크가 탑승한 정찰선은 그 쌍을 발견하고 스토커가 그들과 맞선다. 그가 헤스터가 왜 죽기를 원하는지 설명하기도 전에 두 개의 쫓는 마을이 그를 덮쳤고, 톰과 헤스터는 이 중 두 번째 마을인 툰브리지 휠스Tunbridge Wheels라는 해적 마을에 가까스로 승선했다. 헤스터가 슈라이크와 함께 있을 때부터 알고 있던 크라이슬러 피비Chrysler Peavy 시장은 톰이 런던 거주자였기 때문에 그를 자유롭게 하고 페이비는 런던 신사에 걸맞은 예절을 배우고 싶어 한다. 톰은 그에게 헤스터를 석방하라고 설득하고, 라비는 그들에게 그가 쓰러진 에어헤븐을 소비할 계획이라고 알려준다. Tunbridge Wheels는 얕은 물에서 물을 마시면서 산호초를 타고 해변을 따라 내려가며 생존자들은 톰과 헤스터와 함께 내륙으로 탈출한다. 에어헤이븐을 힘없이 되받아치려다가 피비는 늪에 빠져 해적 부하들이 그를 사살한 다음 톰과 헤스터를 처형하려 하지만 슈라이크가 개입해 나머지 해적들을 살해한다. 슈라이크는 헤스터에게 크롬이 그녀의 시체를 가져온 후 그녀를 자신과 비슷한 스토커로 부활시키기로 동의했다고 설명한다. 그녀는 이에 동의하지만 톰은 슈라이크의 가슴을 찌르고, 그를 폐쇄하고 그녀의 생명을 구하면서 개입한다.
발렌타인은 크롬에 의해 "비밀 임무"로 보내지고, 캐서린Katherine은 매우 실망했다. 캐서린은 아버지를 의심하며 톰이 헤스터를 뒤쫓는 것을 목격했다는 것을 알고 친구였던 어프렌티스 엔지니어 베비스 팟Bevis Pod의 도움으로 런던에서 일어난 사건들을 조사하기 시작한다. 그들은 발렌타인이 런던을 위해 MEDUSA라는 거대한 고대 무기를 살렸고, 공병조합이 그것을 성 바울 대성당 안에서 다시 조립했다는 것을 발견한다. 성당의 돔이 갈라지면서 MEDUSA가 드러나는데, MEDUSA는 런던을 쫓는 훨씬 더 큰 도시를 파괴하는 데 사용되는 무기이다.
Tom and Hester are rescued by Fang, who is revealed to be an Anti-Traction League agent, and takes them to the Shield Wall of Batmunkh Gompa which protects the nation-state of the League. Fang suspects that the weapon that London has reassembled will be used to destroy the Shield Wall, and warns League Governor Khan of MEDUSA. Khan is skeptical that London will attack, but Fang insists that they should bomb London to destroy the weapon. Convinced that the League will kill innocent people and angry at the idea of destroying his home, Tom storms out and discovers Valentine has infiltrated Batmunkh Gompa as a monk. Tom raises the alarm, but Valentine successfully cripples the League's entire fleet of airships. Valentine duels and kills Fang by stabbing her in the neck, before escaping in his own airship the 13th Floor Elevator. Tom and Hester take the Jenny Haniver and fly it back to London in the hope of stopping Valentine and MEDUSA themselves.
With MEDUSA finally launched, Crome begins guiding London east towards the Anti-Traction League's base behind the Shield Wall of Batmunkh Gompa in order to destroy their defenses and devour all of their settlements. After Valentine returns, Katherine learns that MEDUSA was originally found by Hester's mother Pandora, and that he had killed her to steal it for London. He also admits that Katherine was likely Hester's half sister. Disillusioned, and horrified by the destructive power of the weapon, Katherine and Bevis conspire to plant a bomb to destroy MEDUSA, but are caught in their attempt.
The Guild of Historians, led by Tom's boss Chudleigh Pomeroy, come to their aid, and battle with the Engineers. Katherine travels up to the Top Tier to Saint Paul's Cathedral, with Bevis disguised as her captor. Tom and Hester arrive, and Hester attempts to fight her way to Valentine to avenge her parents. Tom is attacked by the 13th Floor Elevator above London and shoots it down. Bevis is killed when the airship crushes him, but Katherine is able to reach Saint Paul's Cathedral. Inside, she sees Hester brought before Valentine. When he attempts to kill her, Katherine jumps in her father's way and is fatally wounded. She falls onto a keyboard, interrupting the firing sequence of MEDUSA, and causing it to malfunction. Valentine and Hester, briefly putting aside their differences, try to take Katherine to Tom to get help, but she dies before they can reach him.
Hester leaves with Tom in the airship, while Valentine chooses to stay behind in London. MEDUSA finally misfires, obliterating most of the city and killing Valentine. Hester tries to comfort a grief-stricken Tom as they fly away in the Jenny Haniver, apparently the only survivors of the incident, and make their way to the Bird Roads.
Philip Reeve has stated that his plans to write a science fiction novel were laid in the late 1980s.[2]
The original drafts were intended to be an adult novel but after several rejections, Scholastic said they might be interested in Mortal Engines as a children's story. In the refactoring the story was simplified, removing several characters and much content such as the city politics that Reeve thought would not be interesting to children.[3]
The Mortal Engines world was originally written as an alternative universe set in the early 1900s, but Reeve says this turned out to require just too much explaining as how and where history could have diverged. He was inspired to start then due to The War of the Worlds. [3]
On Goodreads, ''Mortal Engines'' has a score of 3.92 out of 5.[4]
Publishers Weekly praised the book, calling it "staggering feat of engineering ... [that] ... offers new wonders at every turn" [5]
Mortal Engines was followed by three sequels: Predator's Gold (2003), Infernal Devices (2005), and A Darkling Plain (2006).[6] which together form the Mortal Engines Quartet.
This was followed by the Fever Crumb prequel series: Fever Crumb (2009), A Web of Air (2010), and Scrivener's Moon (2011), which depict events many years prior to those of Mortal Engines.
During one of the reviews of the 2018 film, a possible sprawling television series adaptation of the Mortal Engines Quartet was hinted.] There was one pitch for such a project on Netflix.
A film adaptation by Peter Jackson was announced in 2009. In October 2016, Jackson announced that the film would be his next project as producer and co-writer, alongside long-time collaborators Fran Walsh and Philippa Boyens. The film was directed by Jackson's long-time collaborator Christian Rivers. The film premiered on November 27, 2018. It was released in the United Kingdom on 7 December 2018, and on 14 December 2018 in the US, received mixed reviews and was a commercial failure.
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