제1장.上經(상경) 21訓(훈) 157事(사)
Chapter 1. Upper Classic : 21 Teachings, 157 Deeds.
제 4강령 濟(제)......일(구제)......第146事
The 4th Principle : Salvation / Relief(濟,제)... Work(Rescue)... Case 146.
제 3규 序(서)......순서......第164事
Section 3 : Seo(序,서)... Order / Sequence... Item No. 164
제 19모 衆寡(중과)......많고 적음......第168事
Clause 19 : Junggwa(衆寡,중과)... The Many and the Few... Case No. 168
천사람 중에서 팔분의 일이 곤란하고, 백사람 중에서 십분의 일이 곤란하면
많은 사람의 곤란함이 적의 수의 곤란함보다 앞선다.
If one-eighth of a thousand people are in distress,
and one-tenth of a hundred people are in distress,
the hardship of the larger group takes precedence over the hardship of the smaller group.
십분의 일이 팔분의 일보다 수가 많으나 그 둘을 모두 구제하려면
Although one-tenth(in terms of proportion / scale in other contexts) or the various degrees
of distress differ, if you intend to rescue both groups completely,
많은 수의 사람은 덕으로 구제하고 적은 수의 사람은 은혜로서 구제한다.
you must relieve the larger multitude through systemic virtue(Deak),
and relieve the smaller few through targeted benevolence(Eunhye).
[Original Text, 원문]
千人이 八分其困하고 百人이 十分其困이라 (천인이 팔분기곤하고 백인이 십분기곤이라)
If one-eighth of a thousand people are in disstress,
and one-tenth of a hundred people are in distress,
其困而衆困을 勝寡困하며 (기곤이중곤을 승과곤하며)
the distress of the larger multitude outweighs the distress of the fewer number;
十分이 多八分이나 (십분이 다팔분이나)
and though a fraction of one-tenth may seem greater than one-eighth(in a different proportional context),
其雙成者는 濟衆以德하며 濟寡以惠니라 (기쌍성자는 제중이덕하며 제과이해니라.)
to successfully accomplish the rescue of both groups,
one must relieve the large multitude through systemic virtue(Deok),
and relieve the small number of people through targeted benevolence(Eunhye).