Political divide greater than wealth gap 정치적 분열이 부의 격차보다 사회적 갈등의 더 큰 원천

[김우정]

우리사회의 갈등원인으로 부의 격차보다 정치적 분열 이 더 크다는 보고서가 나왔습니다.
"우리와 그들" 이라는 이분법적인 사고가 우리나라 뿐아니고 미국 등 전세계에 팽배합니다.
통계청 자료에 의하면 보수와 진보의 갈등이 소득격차와 노사갈등보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났습니다.
대화와 타협을 중시하는 정치인들은 다 어디 갔을까요?
 
Political divide greater source of social conflict than wealth gap: report
정치적 분열이 부의 격차보다 사회적 갈등의 더 큰 원천: 보고서

By Lee Kyung-min 이경민 기자
Posted : 2024-03-26 16:24 Updated : 2024-03-26 16:26
Korea Times

Over half of foreign residents aged 20-39
20-39세 외국인 거주자의 절반 이상

Gettyimagesbank 게티 이미지뱅크

More than four in five Koreans said conflict between the political left and right is the greatest threat to social cohesion, whereas about three in four cited socioeconomic inequality as the source of an irreconcilable rift, data showed Tuesday.
한국 국민 5명 중 4명 이상이 정치적 좌파와 우파 간의 갈등이 사회 통합에 가장 큰 위협이라고 응답한 반면 4명 중 3명은 사회 경제적 불평등을 화해할 수 없는 균열의 원인으로 꼽았다.

Propelling the ideology-perpetuated divide is the failure of politics, as illustrated by growing hate-filled rhetoric of “us vs. them,” embraced by most politicians and pundits.
대부분의 정치인과 전문가들이 수용하는 "우리 대 그들"의 증오로 가득 찬 수사가 증가하는 것에서 알 수 있듯이, 이념으로 지속되는 분열을 촉진하는 것은 정치의 실패이다.

Their respective short-term objectives of winning a National Assembly seat and expanding their online followings almost always come at the expense of voters, who are more attuned to the voices of fearmongering than of unity before the elections.
국회의원을 얻고 온라인 팔로워를 늘리겠다는 그들의 단기적인 목표는 거의 항상 선거전에 통합보다는 공포의 목소리에 더 적응하는 유권자들의 희생 위에 놓인다.

Experts say continued discussion-oriented efforts to bolstering social capital will be the only solution. Otherwise, bigoted violence would prevail in the grip of destructive and vile political discourse.
전문가들은 사회적 자본을 강화하기 위한 논의 중심의 노력을 계속하는 것만이 유일한 해결책이라고 말한다. 그렇지 않으면 파괴적이고 비열한 정치적 담론의 손아귀에서 편협한 폭력이 만연할 것이다.

According to a survey from Statistics Korea of 8,000 men and women aged 19 and older, the most widespread social conflict cited last year was the one between conservatives and liberals (82.9 percent). It was followed by the income gap (76.1 percent) and management-workers conflicts (68.9 percent).
통계청이 19세 이상 남녀 8,000명을 대상으로 조사한 결과 지난해 가장 많이 꼽힌 사회적 갈등은 보수와 진보 사이의 갈등(82.9%)이었다. 이어 소득격차(76.1%), 경영-근로자 갈등(68.9%) 순이었다.

Gender divide was the least pronounced source of conflict, with 42.2 percent of the respondents agreeing, followed by religion (42.3 percent) and generation gap (55.2 percent).
갈등의 원인으로는 성별 구분이 42.2%로 가장 적었고 종교(42.3%), 세대 차이(55.2%) 등이 뒤를 이었다.

Kim Tae-gi, a former economics professor at Dankook University, said politics should be a vehicle for unity, not divisiveness.
김태기 전 단국대 경제학과 교수는 정치는 분열이 아닌 통합의 매개체가 돼야 한다고 말했다

“Politicians and online political commentators resort to a concerning degree of vitriol, fully capitalizing on their influence over their voter bases and viewerships,” he said.
그는 "정치인들과 온라인 정치평론가들은 유권자층과 시청률에 미치는 영향력을 충분히 이용해 우려되는 수준의 독설에 의존한다"고 말했다.

Fear or hatred can be a far greater driver for turning up at the polls than indifference or a sense of mild disappointment, he added.
그는 "두려움이나 증오는 무관심이나 가벼운 실망감보다 투표장에 나타나는 훨씬 더 큰 원동력이 될 수 있다"고 덧붙였다.

“They ride on the collective outcome of emotionally charged thinking tied closely to the act of voting. They gain popularity mostly because they say what their voters or viewers want to hear. More efforts are needed to make political discourse about promoting social cohesion,” he said.
그는 "이들은 투표 행위와 밀접하게 결부된 감정적으로 충전된 사고의 집단적 결과에 편승한다"며 "이들은 대부분 유권자나 시청자가 듣고 싶어하는 것을 말하기 때문에 인기를 얻는다"고 말했다. 그는 "사회 통합을 촉진하는 정치적 담론을 만들기 위해서는 더 많은 노력이 필요하다"고 말했다.

Gettyimagesbank 게티 이미지뱅크

The divisive nature also undermines the growth of the economy, as evidenced by Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry data on causal relationships between trust-based social capital and expansion of businesses.
대한상공회의소가 신뢰 기반의 사회적 자본과 기업의 확장 사이의 인과관계를 분석한 자료에서 알 수 있듯이, 분열적 성격은 경제의 성장을 저해하기도 한다.

The stronger the basis for mutual trust in a society, the lower the degree of regulations, the data showed. This in turn fortifies the business environment to be more conducive to stable long-term investments, a key factor for robust economic growth.
한 사회에서 상호 신뢰의 기초가 튼튼할수록 규제의 정도가 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 다시 기업환경을 견고한 경제성장의 핵심요소인 안정적인 장기투자에 보다 유리하도록 강화하는 것이다.

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) data on 29 member states in the period between 2009 and 2013 showed per capita GDP of a country had a negative correlation with the degree of social conflict.
2009~2013년 29개 회원국을 대상으로 한 경제협력개발기구(OECD) 자료에 따르면 한 국가의 1인당 GDP는 사회적 갈등 정도와 음의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

The Statistics Korea survey also showed that less than three in four Koreans said they were satisfied with their lives, down 1.3 percentage points from a year earlier when the figure came to 75.4 percent.
통계청 조사에서도 '삶에 만족한다'고 답한 국민은 4명 중 3명 미만으로 75.4%로 1년 전보다 1.3%포인트 감소했다.

Over two-thirds, or 68.4 percent, said they found their work meaningful, down 4.2 percentage points from 72.6 percent the previous year. The figure falling below 70 percent was a first since 2020.
3분의 2 이상인 68.4%는 자신들의 일이 의미가 있다고 생각한다고 답했는데, 이는 전년도 72.6%보다 4.2% 포인트 하락한 수치다. 70% 이하로 떨어진 것은 2020년 이후 처음이다.

The number of foreign residents is inching up, a noteworthy development in a country defined by the world’s lowest fertility rate of 0.72 last year. It was down further from 0.78 a year earlier and an all-time low in the related data the agency has been compiling since 1970.
외국인 거주자의 수는 점점 증가하고 있는데, 이는 작년에 세계에서 가장 낮은 출산율인 0.72명으로 정의된 나라에서 주목할 만한 발전이다. 이는 전년도의 0.78명보다 더 하락한 것이며, 이 기관이 1970년부터 집계하고 있는 관련 자료에서 사상 최저치이다.

The number of newborns came to 230,000 last year, half of 2012’s 485,000.
지난해 신생아수는 23만 명으로 2012년(48만5천 명)의 절반 수준이었다.

The study showed almost one in two citizens is expected to be aged 65 and older in 2072.
이 연구는 시민 2명 중 1명은 2072년에 65세 이상이 될 것으로 예상된다는 것을 보여주었다.

The number of foreign nationals staying on long-term visas stood at 1.69 million as of 2022. The figure was an increase from 1.57 million in 2021 and 1.61 million in 2020.
장기 비자로 체류 중인 외국인 수는 2022년 기준 169만 명이다. 2021년 157만 명, 2020년 161만 명에 비해 증가한 수치이다.

The number of registered foreign residents totaled 1.19 million last year. The figures between 2020 and 2021 were limited to 1.09 million, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
지난해 등록된 외국인 주민수는 119만 명으로 집계됐다. 2020~2021년 수치는 코로나19 대유행으로 109만 명으로 제한됐다.

All age groups saw increases in the number of registered foreign residents except the 50-59 age group.
50~59세 연령층을 제외한 모든 연령층에서 외국인 주민등록자 수가 증가하였다.

The 20-29 age group added 350,000 foreign residents, while the number for the 30-39 age group came to 339,000.
20~29세는 외국인 거주자가 35만 명, 30~39세는 33만9000명으로 집계됐다.

#Politicaldivide정치적분열 #Socialconflict사회적갈등 #Socioeconomicinequality사회경제적불평등 #Rhetoric수사 #Unity통합 #Sourceofconflict갈등의원인 #Generationgap세대차이 #Expansionofbusinesses기업의확장 #PercapitaGDP1인당GDP #Fertilityrate출산율