페르시아에서 중앙아시아를 거쳐온 한자음 私사사로울,사

[조피디]

아프가니스탄 다리어
개인 shakhs 私사사로울,사

페르시아어
شخص [shakhs] 
1.(복수 اشخاص) (نفر، فرد، آدم) 사람, 개인, 개체, 실체, 인격, 품성

2.언어 인칭

받침 연구개음 kh가 약화되어 생략이 되었다.
샥 샤 사 발음변화 한국어 한자음 탄생 축하합니다.


우즈벡어
shaxs
1. 사람2. 인간3. 놈
발음 [ 셰아흐스 ]
뜻풀이부
1. 명사 사람(개인으로서의), 인간, (경멸적) 놈, 녀석

터키어
şahıs 
명사 사람, 개인

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *śǝj

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *[č]V ( ~ št-)

Meaning: self

North Caucasian: *č[ŭ] ( < *d-š[ŭ], cf. Nakh *ša?)

Proto-North Caucasian: *č[ŭ]

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: self, oneself (3d-4th class)

Proto-Lak: cu

Lak root: cu

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: self, oneself

Lak form: cu

Comments: Cf. Khosr. cu id. Lak. has stems cu (pl. ci-w) and ca- (gen./erg. ca-l).

Proto-Dargwa: *če- / ču-

Proto-Dargwa: *če- / ču-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: (one)self (reflex. pronoun)

Akusha: ču-

Chiragh: čej

Comments: Cf. also Chir. gen. čin-na. In lit. Dargwa the stem is used only in plural (erg. ču-li, gen. ču-la, dat. ču-s); in singular a morpheme sa(j) (of obscure origin) is used.

Proto-Lezghian: *-ič(ʷ)

Proto-West Caucasian: *čʷǝ

Proto-West-Caucasian: *čʷǝ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: for oneself (prefix of the subject version)

Abkhaz: č(ǝ)-

Abaza: č(ǝ)-

Comments: PAT *čǝ-.

Notes: The opposition of *ʒ́ĭ 'self' (1-2 cl., animated) : *čŭ 'self' (3-4th cl., unanimated) is well preserved in PL. Most other languages have preserved only one of these roots.

    The development *č- > c- in Lak. is irregular (typical for pronominal morphemes, cf. *čwi 'who, what' > Lak. cu-, ci-). It is unclear also, whether we should relate here PN *šā '(one)self' (Chech. šā, Ing. še, Bacb. ša-jrwa) - phonetically absolutely irregular [perhaps it should be rather compared with PL *šä- 'demonstr. pronoun, that']. The semantics of the PAT subject version is well explained if we assume its origin from a pronoun; the phonetic side is quite satisfactory.

Sino-Tibetan: *śǝj

Basque: *-če

Proto-Basque: *-če

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: emphatic suffix on demonstratives and adverbs

Bizkaian: -txe, -xe

Gipuzkoan: -txe, -xe

High Navarrese: -txe, -xe

Low Navarrese: -txe, -xe

Lapurdian: -txe, -xe

Zuberoan: -txe, -xe

Roncalese: -txe, -xe

Comments: *-če after consonants, *-še after vowels: hor-txe 'right there', hau-xe 'this one', handi-xe 'a little too big', aita-xe 'grandfather', etc. (Trask 1995: 67).

Meaning: private, oneself

Chinese: 私 *sǝj private, oneself

Character: 私

Modern (Beijing) reading: sī

Preclassic Old Chinese: sǝj

Classic Old Chinese: sǝj

Western Han Chinese: sǝj

Eastern Han Chinese: sjǝj

Early Postclassic Chinese: sjij

Middle Postclassic Chinese: sjij

Late Postclassic Chinese: sji

Middle Chinese: sji

English meaning : be private; to turn into one's own, keep for oneself; sister's husband

Russian meaning[s]: 1) частный, личный; 2) тайный, скрываемый; контрабандный; контрабанда; 3) тайная любовная связь; вступить во внебрачную связь; 4) частный (не публичный); неофициальный; домашний; 5) эгоистичный; корыстный; порок; порочный; 6) мочиться; 7) половые органы; 8) древн. домашняя одежда; 9) жить частной жизнью; 10) фаворит(ка); 11) мелочь, безделица

Shuowen gloss: 禾也.從禾.**聲.北道名禾主人曰私主人. [321]

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Number: 439

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 私

MC description : 止開三平脂心

ZIHUI: 4424 0426

Beijing: si_ 11

Jinan: si_ 11

Xi'an: si_ 11

Taiyuan: si_ 1

Hankou: si_ 11

Chengdu: si_ 11

Yangzhou: si_ 11

Suzhou: si_ 11

Wenzhou: si_ 11

Changsha: si_ 11

Shuangfeng: si_ 11

Nanchang: si_ 11

Meixian: si_ 11

Guangzhou: ši 11

Xiamen: su 11

Chaozhou: si_ 11

Fuzhou: sy 11

Shanghai: si_ 1

Zhongyuan yinyun: si_ 1

Radical: 115

Four-angle index: 8624

Karlgren code: 0557 b

Shijing occurrences: 2.3_, 57.1_

Tibetan: śe, śe-dag, śa-sdag for oneself only, only, privately