https://youtu.be/sFhK1hWXovE?si=vJtrLGLIG7XsAbNi
The black item in the images is a motor run capacitor (specifically a CBB61 type).
These are very common components found in household appliances that use AC motors, particularly electric fans (ceiling, floor, and exhaust fans) and air conditioning units.
Key Details and Function
Purpose: It provides the necessary "kick" or phase shift to start the motor and keep it running in the correct direction. Without a functioning capacitor, a fan motor might just hum and vibrate without actually spinning.
Identification: The "CBB61" designation is a standard for these rectangular, plastic-encased capacitors. They are usually rated by their capacitance (measured in microfarads, or \mu F) and their voltage (typically 250V to 450V AC).
Context: In your screenshot, the capacitor is shown next to a motor stator (the copper wire coils). If you are looking at a tutorial for converting a fan into a generator or repairing a motor, this is the component that handles the electrical load for the motor's auxiliary winding.
Signs of Failure
If you are troubleshooting a device, these black boxes are often the first thing to fail. Common signs include:
The fan needs a manual "push" to start spinning.
The fan spins much slower than it used to.
The casing of the black box looks swollen or has a burnt smell.
Safety Note: Capacitors can store an electrical charge even after the power is turned off. If you are handling this one, ensure it is discharged before touching the bare wire leads to avoid a shock.