상품DB/홍콩 마카오 카지노 시장동향(2013.11)

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제목	홍콩 마카오 카지노 시장동향(2013.11)
게시일	2015-11-13	국가	홍콩	작성자	오새봄(홍콩무역관)
품목	기타
품목코드	903149
작성일자: 2013.11.25 작성자: 홍콩 무역관 이범희 (bhlee@kotra.org.hk) 1. Macau: Country Profile   The economy recorded double-digit growth in 2010~2012 and healthy gains are expected in 2013. The gambling industry accounts for more than two-fifths of Macau’s GDP and more than three-quarters of all government revenue. The tourist sector is thriving and consumer demand remains strong. The rapid pace of development in recent years has put enormous strains on the city’s inadequate transport network. Unemployment is very low and competition for jobs is intense. □ Facts  ○ Area: 28.2 square kilometers  ○ Currency: Pataca (Pt = 100 avos), pegged to Hong Kong dollar at HK$1 = Pt 1.03  ○ Location: Macau(Macao) is a tiny territory at the mouth of the Pearl River in southern China. It is adjacent to Hong Kong, with which it has a ferry link. Consisting almost entirely of a port and two small islands, Taipa and Coloane, the entire country is only 28.2 square kilometers in size. Like Hong Kong, it was built to service Portugal's trade with China in the 19th century. ○ Capital: Macao □ Government  ○ Head of State: Xi Jinping (2013)  ○ Head of Government: Fernando Chui Sai On (2009)  ○ Ruling Party: Chinese Communist Party  ○ Political Structure: Macau was a Special Territory of Portugal but returned to Chinese rule in 1999, when it became the Chinese Special Administrative Region(SAR) of Macau. The city-state’s Legislative Assembly is a 27-member body comprising twelve directly elected members, ten appointed members representing functional constituencies and seven members appointed by the chief executive. The Assembly is responsible for general law-making and has the power to impeach the Chief Executive. It also has the power to amend the makeup of its successors after 2009.  ○ Last Elections: In December 2009, Chui was elected as head of government by the Election Committee, which is dominated by Beijing-appointed voters. Elections to the Legislative Assembly were held in September 2009. Only 12 seats are open to universal suffrage. The Assembly continues to be dominated by pro-Beijing politicians. However, four pro-democracy candidates also won office. Among the pro-business camp, five deputies were elected – the same number as in the previous election four of these officials are from the gaming industry.  ○ Political Stability and Risks: Many fear that Macau will struggle if Chinese authorities should allow rival gaming resorts on the mainland. Incidents of corruption and gang-related violence posed problems in the past. In response, the current administration strengthened laws against organised crime and stepped up police operations.  ○ International Issues: Washington argues that money laundering is a serious problem in the country. Macau has failed to implement several laws intended to prevent money laundering. □ Economy  ○ Economic Structure and Major Industries: Agriculture accounts for less than 1% of GDP and employs just 0.2% of the workforce.      Macau’s service sector accounts for 90% of GDP and 70% of employment. Foreign investors can conduct business on the same terms as nationals. Taxation is low and relatively efficient. Since opening up the gaming industry in 2002, Macau has attracted significant amounts of foreign investment. The number of casinos has increased from 11 in 2002 to about 30 today. The government has declared that the number of future casinos in Macau would not exceed 40. The gaming industry will soon face competition from other Asian countries including Singapore. Other growth areas include finance, insurance, and real estate.      Macau's principal industry is tourism, which attracts visitors from all over the world to its gambling centres. The real value of tourist receipts rose by 10.1% in 2012 and gains of 9.1% are expected in 2013. Over 80% of today’s visitors come from mainland China or Hong Kong. The number of visitors is approaching 30 million and it is estimated it will reach 45 million in the medium term. The rapid pace of development is putting enormous strains on the city’s tiny labour market and its inadequate transport network.      Manufacturing employs 6.9% of the workforce. There are a number of manufacturing companies making textiles and high-technology goods. Mechanised textile manufacturers presently account for more than 70% of Macau’s merchandise exports. The manufacture of textiles and garments has virtually disappeared as many of these firms have moved across the border to mainland China. Efforts to diversify have spawned other small industries such as toys and artificial flowers. A huge land reclamation project, funded with mainland money, will double the amount of acreage available to Macau.  ○ Overview of the Economy: Investment in resort and entertainment projects and related infrastructure has transformed Macau’s small economy into one of the world’s leading tourism destinations. Real GDP rose by 13.8% in 2012 – the third consecutive year of double-digit growth.      Inflation was 6.1% in 2012 and the pace should slow in 2013 when prices rise by 3.9%.      Gambling taxes account for more than three-quarters of all government revenue. Macau typically records a fiscal surplus. It has enjoyed a rapid rise in the number of visitors from mainland China in recent years after Beijing eased restrictions on travel.      The real value of private final consumption soared by 8.1% in 2012.      Competition for jobs is intense. Unemployment is only 2.6%, exerting fierce upward pressure on wages. Meanwhile, Macau’s total workforce exceeds 350,000. The neighbouring economic zone of Zhuhai has a workforce six times that of Macau's and the average pay is only a sixth of the rate in the city-state. Chinese officials hope to turn Macau into a service hub for the southern part of the Pearl River Delta. 2. Macau Gaming Industry □  Introduction  ○ 지난 300년간 마카오는 ‘Monte Carlo of the Orient’ 및 ‘Las Vegas of the East’으로 불리며 게임산업이 발달하였으며 최근에는 게임산업이 국가의 기간산업으로 여겨지고 있음.  ○ The Statistics and Census Service and the Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau의 통계 조사에 따르면 게임산업에 대한 조세수입(Tax Revenue)은 매년 새로운 기록을 갱신하고 있으며 2011년 99.656 billion patacas 에서 2012년 전년 대비 13.76% 상승한 113.378 billion patacas을 기록  ○ 게임산업의 총 소득(Gross Income) 역시 2011년 260.958 billion patacas에서 2012년 전년 대비 16.97% 상승한 305.235 billion patacas를 기록  ○ 특히 최근 마카오 게임산업의 총 수입(Gross Gaming Revenue)은 Las Vegas Strip 를 앞질렀으며 전 세계 최고의 게임도시가 되었음. □ Gaming Liberalization  ○ 중국에 주권이 반환되기 전인 1999년 마카오는 게임산업 자유화 및 실용성에 대해 서로 다른 관점에서 많은 논의와 연구가 진행됐음.  ○ 포르투갈 마카오 정부는 게임산업의 독점 지배 체제에 대해 고려하였으나 1999년 중국 반환 이후 초대 행정부장관인 Mr. Edmund Ho Hau Wah는 마카오 게임산업에 외국계 컨설턴트 회사를 초대하여 다각도의 방향에서 연구를 제안  ○ 2000년 7월 ‘Macao Gaming Committee’가 설립되었고 2001년 8월 ‘Legal Framework for the Operations of Casino Games of Fortune’ (Law No. 16/2001) 이라는 법률을 제정하여 게임산업에 대한 법률적 기초를 마련  ○ 마카오 정부는 게임산업 육성을 위해 아래의 정책을 발표 “Tourism, Gaming, Conventions and Exhibitions as the ‘head’, and the Service Industry as the ‘body’, driving the overall development of other industries.”  ○ 2001년 11월 2일 카지노 설립에 대한 공개 입찰을 시작하여 2002년 2월 8일 사업건은 Sociedade de Jogos de Macau(‘SJM’), a subsidiary of STDM, Galaxy Casino, S.A.(‘Galaxy’) 및 Wynn Resorts (Macao) S.A.(‘Wynn’)에게 낙찰  ○ 2004년 5월 2일, 미국 업체가 최초로 아시아에 Gaming Investment Project로 진행한 Venetian가 문을 열었으며 같은 해 Galaxy의 새로운 프로젝트 ‘Casino Waldo’가 진행됨.  ○ Wynn의 Casino Hotel은 2006년에 오픈됐으며 Casino Crown 및 MGM은 2007년 영업 시작  ○ 2012년 말까지, 총 35개의 카지노가 마카오에 설립됐으며 그 중 23개는 마카오 반도에, 12개는 Taipa 섬에 위치  ○ Sociedade de Jogos de Macau (‘SJM’)이 20개의 카지노를 운영하고 있으며 Galaxy는 6개, Venetian은 4 casinos, Melco Crown은 3 casinos, Wynn과 MGM은 각각 하나의 카지노를 운영 중 □ Outlook  ○ Cotai Strip 지역에 대한 신규 카지노 프로젝트를 시작하면 마카오의 게임 및 관광산업은 새로운 전기를 맞을 것이라 예상  ○ 보다 건강하고 지속 가능한 게임산업 진흥을 위하여 마카오 정부는 ‘moderate supervision, monitoring and control and healthy growth’ 이라는 정책을 수립하여 게임산업에 대한 규제강화 및 표준안을 제시하고 있으며 궁극적으로 지역 관광, 레저, 게임 및 전시산업을 육성하기 위해 노력하고 있음.   □ 통계자료 (Source: DICJ)  ○ The Contribution of Casino Gaming to Macao’s Gross Gaming Revenue during 2012 (Unit: Billion Patacas)  ○ Gross Revenues of Different Types of Casino Gaming during 2012 (Unit: Billion Patacas)