스크랩 딸꾹질 hiccough어원,순우리말 감기의 어원,기침 cough의 어원은 순우리말을 알면 쉽게 알 수가 있다.

[김판우]

cough 기침

1. 기침하다   2. (기침을 하여 무엇을) 토하다   3. 털털거리다

프랑스어사전

cough  

1. 기침

에센스 영어사전 참고하면

기침나는 병 -->감기

아래 어원자료를 보면 기침이 

감기는 한자어다.

그러면 감기를 순우리말로 뭔가?

고뿔

고풀 고프르 고프 코프

고뿔을 코에 불난다고 엉터리 해석하는 사람이 있는데 

이런 사람들 때문에 우리말 어원 다 조진다. 

비교언어학적으로 풀어야 한다.

터키어 코

burun  

명사 코; 물건의 앞부분이나 뾰족한 부분; 곧, 갑; 거만, 오만

(코)푸는 혹은 푸네

코푼다는 것은 호흡과 관련되는 것이다.

h발음과 p가 발음호환관계다.ㅍ<-->ㅎ 호환

Proto-Altaic: *p`úńe

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: nose; smell, to smell

Russian meaning: нос; запах, пахнуть

Mongolian: *hünir

Tungus-Manchu: *puń-

Japanese: *páná

Comments: EAS 55, Цинциус 1984, 61, АПиПЯЯ 78, 277, Rozycki 82. Despite Doerfer MT 80, TM cannot be borrowed from Mong. Initial *p`- (not *p-) is reconstructed because of *h- in Mong. and high pitch in Jpn. Cf. *póńe.

풀은-->어원

기본형 (코)풀다

터키어 숨이 곧 코(nose) 인 것이다.

Proto-Altaic: *suma

Meaning: nose, part of nose

Russian meaning: нос, часть носа

Turkic: *sum-

 

Proto-Turkic: *sum-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: nose

Russian meaning: нос

Chuvash: sъʷmza

Comments: VEWT 399, Егоров 181, Федотов 2, 24 (but not to tumšuk!). An isolated Chuvash form with possible external parallels.

Mongolian: *samsaɣa

Tungus-Manchu: *soŋgi-

Comments: A Western isogloss. Rather sparsely represented and not quite reliable.

코 어원

곧 곶 튀어나온 것 

간절곶,호미곶

딸꾹질은 영어로 hiccough라고 한다.

인도 드라비다어에 어원이 나와 있다.

h는 ㅎ<-->ㅍ<-->ㅂ 발음호환이다.

Proto-Nilgiri : *vik- (*p-)

드라비다어에는 ㅂ발음이 나온다.

숨이 막히는 것을 말한다.

고뿔 역시 호흡과 관계된다는 사실을 알수가 있다.

코프르(코풀어)--->어원 r탈락 

cough 기침 

Indo-European: *kʷās-

w가 v발음임을 생각하면

(숨이,호흡이)가빴어--->어원2

국어사전

가쁘다  

[형용사] 1. 숨이 몹시 차다. 2. 힘에 겹다. 3. 몹시 급하거나 빠르다.

영어사전

가쁘다 

breathless, out of breath, short of breath

cough에서 gh는 f발음이다.

플다-->풀다

플다-->블다-->불다  blow one's nose코를 풀다 

기침 역시 호흡이 문제다.

meaning 1 cough 2 to sneeze(1. 재채기하다   2. 재채기)

영어단어의 sn-,sm-계열은 흥 킁 승 힝 등 코를 킁킁 거리는 소리를 뜻한다.

Proto-Altaic: *pĭ́rò (~ b-)

Meaning: beak, nose

Russian meaning: клюв, нос

Turkic: *burun (*burɨn)

Korean: *pūrì

 

Japanese: *kútí-(n)-pírù

Comments: Whitman 1985, 191, АПиПЯЯ 283, Лексика 215. Turk. 

*bur- must be a secondary assimilation < *bɨr-.

반사적으로 일어나는 격한 호기. 비점막의 자극,  비강 내의 이물을

 배제하려는 반사작용이다. 

콧물 ·한기 ·악취 등이 자극이 되는 외에, 돌연한..

1. 코와 입을 통해서 세차게 경련적으로 공기를 배출하다. 

2. 코와 입을 통해서 공기를 불수의적(不隨意的)으로 갑자기 소리를 내서 배출하는 것.

기관지가 달라붙어 좁아져 호흡이 힘들다.

감기걸리면 이런 증상이 심해진다.

Meaning: "cough" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Altaic: *ki̯uču

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *KU[z]V

Meaning: cough

Indo-European: *kʷās-

 

Proto-IE: *kʷās-

Meaning: to cough

Tokharian: B kosi n. 'cough' (Adams 207)

Old Indian: kāsate `to cough', kās- f., kāsa- m. `cough'

Slavic: *kā́slātī, *kā́šljǭ; *kā́šljь

Baltic: *kā̂s-ē̂- (kā̂s-meî) (1) vb., *kā̂s-ā̂ (1) f., -ia- (1) c., *kā̂s-l-a- (1) c.

Germanic: *xwōs-t-an- m., -ōn- f.; *xwōs-t-ō- vb.

Celtic: *kʷǝsto- > MIr casachtach `Husten', Cymr pas, Corn pāz, Bret pas 'Husten'

Albanian: koɫɛ f. `Husten', koɫem `Huste'

Russ. meaning: кашлять

References: WP I 506

Altaic: *ki̯uču

Uralic: *kuse

 

Number: 436

Proto: *kuse

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: cough; to cough

German meaning: Husten; husten

Saam (Lapp): gǫssâ -s- (N) 'cough', kåsså- (L) 'husten', kōsse- (Kld.) 'husten', koss (T) 'Rotz', kōss (Kld. Not.) 'Husten'

Mordovian: koz (E M) 'Husten', kozo- 'husten'

Udmurt (Votyak): ki̮ź-, kiź- (S), kǝ̑ź- (K), (URS) ki̮zi̮-

Komi (Zyrian): ki̮z- (S) 'husten', ki̮ze̮t- (P) 'id., харкать', køzø^.t- (PO) 'кашлять'

Khanty (Ostyak): kol (V), χol (O), χut (DN) 'Husten', koli̮m- (V) 'einmal husten', χutes- (DN), χolǝtli- (O) 'husten, sich räuspern'

Nenets (Yurak): hoʔ (O), kot (Nj.) 'Husten', hodor- (O) 'husten'

Enets (Yen): kuʔ (c̣ɦ.), koʔ (B), koruŋa- (Ch.), koduŋa- (B) 'husten'

Nganasan (Tawgi): kuʔ 'Husten', kutâdandu- 'husten'

Selkup: kotarna- (Ta.) 'husten', k͔ŏt, k͔oot (Ke.), kŏt (NP), k͔ot, k͔ŏt (N) 'Husten'

Kamass: kuʔd, kuʔn id., kuʔ- 'husten'

Janhunen's version: (44) *kosi6(-)

Sammalahti's version: *kosi6(-)

Addenda: Koib. кўтла 'кашель'; Mot. кодоргомъ

Kartvelian: *qweź-

 

Proto-Kartvelian: *qweź-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: кашлять, кашель

English meaning: to cough, cough (n.)

Georgian: xvel-, Old Georg. qwel-

Megrel: xval-

Svan: qweš, qwäš 'cough (n.)', li-qš-un- 'to cough'

Laz: xval-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 265, EWK 565.

Comments: Expected *-ǯ- in Alt.

References: Hegedűs 1990, 97; ND 1944 *q̇u(ʔ)sE 'to belch, vomit, cough' (w/o Kartv.; some confusion with *ḳUsV 'exhale'; very dub. SH).

Meaning: to cry, cough

Russian meaning: кричать, кашлять

Turkic: *Kɨč-gɨr-

 

Mongolian: *kuča-

 

Tungus-Manchu: *kusi-

 

Korean: *kìčhɨ́-m

 

Proto-Korean: *kìčhɨ́-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 cough 2 to sneeze

Russian meaning: 1 кашель 2 чихать

Modern Korean: kičhim 1, kičhi- 2

Middle Korean: kìčhɨ́-m 1

Comments: Nam 79, KED 275.

Japanese: *kusam-

 

Proto-Japanese: *kusam-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sneeze

Russian meaning: чихание

Middle Japanese: kusame

Tokyo: kushámi

Kyoto: kúshàmì

Kagoshima: kushámi

Comments: Accent reconstruction is unclear. Cf. also OJ kutut- 'to snore'.

Comments: An onomatopoeic root, but seems to be well reconstructable for PA.

Meaning : "cough" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Dravidian : *vek-

Meaning : to hiccough

Proto-South Dravidian: *vik-

 

Proto-South Dravidian : *vik-

Meaning : to hiccup

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : vikku (vikki-)

Tamil meaning : to hiccup, be superabundant, chokeful; n. hiccup

Tamil derivates : vikkal, vikkuḷ, vikkiḷ hiccup

Malayalam : vikkuka

Malayalam meaning : to stammer, rise in the throat

Malayalam derivates : vikku impediment in speech; vikkam stammering; mikkuka to stammer

Kannada : bikku

Kannada meaning : to pant, sob, hiccup, stammer; n. sob, hiccup, etc.

Kannada derivates : bikkaḷike hiccup; bikkuḷi throwing up or vomiting; bikkuḷisu to throw up, vomit, eject; bikkuḷu sobbing

Tulu : bikkuni

Tulu meaning : to hold one's breath

Tulu derivates : bikkụ holding one's breath, sob

Proto-Nilgiri : *vik- (*p-)

 

Proto-Nilgiri : *vik- (*p-)

Meaning : to cough

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Toda : pɨk- (pɨky-)

Number in DED : 5383

Number in DED : 5383

Proto-Telugu : *vekk-

 

Proto-Telugu : *vekk-

Meaning : to hiccough, sob

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : vekku

Dialectal forms (1) : vegacu

Additional forms : Also vekkili hiccough, sobbing

Number in DED : 5383

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *vek-

 

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *vek-

Meaning : to hiccup

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kolami : veksi "(Pat.) hiccup"

Number in DED : 5383

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *vek-

 

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *vek-

Meaning : to hiccough

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *vek-

한자어 감기는 알타이어 터키어 발음을 차용했다고 본다.

Proto-Altaic: *k`i̯ŏŋa

Japanese: *kan-k-

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)aŋ-(ɨr)-

Proto-Korean: *kìčhɨ́-

감<-->캉  호환되므로

킁킁거리는 소리를 나타낸다.

ŋ은 ng발음이므로 g가 ir에 연결되면 캉기르-->캄기 (r탈락)

캉크-->캄키-->감기 

결국은 터키어가 열쇠다.

터키어 발음을 차용하여 한자를 이용하여 쓴 것이다.

Meaning: "nose" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Altaic: *k`i̯ŏŋa

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *ḳVŋV

Meaning: nose

Borean: Borean

 

Altaic: *k`i̯ŏŋa

Uralic: Ngan. kǝmu 'переносица'

Kartvelian: Georg. q̇nos- 'to smell'; Svan. qān- 'to smell'

Eskimo-Aleut: *qǝŋa-

Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *hinŋǝ (~ *q-) нос

Meaning: nose

Russian meaning: нос

Turkic: *K(i)aŋ-(ɨr)-

 

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)aŋ-(ɨr)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 nose 2 to snuffle 3 beak, snout 4 parched nose (phras.) 5 nose bridge

Russian meaning: 1 нос 2 гнусавить 3 клюв, морда 4 пересохший (о носе) 5 переносица

Karakhanid: qaŋraq `palate' (MK - ДТС)

Sary-Yughur: qaŋrɨq, qãrq 1

Turkmen: Gaŋšɨravuq 'nasal cavity', Goŋursa- 'to reek'

Oyrat: qaŋɨrɨq (Tel.) (R II, 82); qoŋɨr 5 (R II 521), Tel. (Верб.)

Yakut: xaŋɨnaj- 2; xoŋurū, xaŋɨrɨ̄ 5 (Пек.)

Tuva: xāj 3, xā̃š 'nasal', qoŋzaŋ 'crook-nosed'

Tofalar: xāj 1, 3

Kirghiz: qaŋɨrɨq 4, qoŋursu- 'to reek'

Bashkir: qaŋɣɨrɨq (dial.) 'hard palate'

Comments: The root is no doubt archaic, although not widely attested. On its modern reflexes see VEWT 232, Лексика 215-216 (some of the listed forms are < Mong., but certainly not all.), ЭСТЯ 6, 66.

Mongolian: *ka[m]ar

 

Proto-Mongolian: *ka[m]ar

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: nose

Russian meaning: нос

Written Mongolian: qabar, qamar (L 895)

Middle Mongolian: qabar (HY 45, SH), qabar (MA), qabar (LH)

Khalkha: xamar

Buriat: xamar

Kalmuck: xamṛ

Ordos: xamar

Dongxian: qava

Baoan: xor

Dagur: xamar (Тод. Даг. 173), hamere, hamare (MD 156)

Shary-Yoghur: xawar

Monguor: xawar (SM 165), xavar

Mogol: qabar; ZM qabar (2-3b)

Comments: KW 164, MGCD 322. Mong. > Oyr. qamur. There are numerous indications that the root was *kaŋ- (*kaŋ-bar > qabar / qamar). Cf. *koŋ-si- / *kaŋ-si (WMong. qaŋsiɣar, qoŋsijar 'beak, nose' (KW 167, 186, MGCD 365, Mongr. xaŋšar (157); > Uzb. qanšar etc., see ЭСТЯ 5, 256-258); > Man. qaŋsari / qaŋsiri, haŋšara (see Rozycki 102, 132) ); WMong. qaŋqul- / qaŋɣul- 'to smell'; MMong. (SH) qoŋši'ut 'reek', WMong. quŋsi- 'to reek, smell' ( > Oyr. quŋsu- etc., see KW 197, VEWT 280); WMong. qaurɣasun, Kalm. xūrɣǝsn, xuɣǝrsn 'nose gristle' (KW 195, 201). .

Tungus-Manchu: *xoŋa-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xoŋa-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 nose 2 front part (of boat) 3 nose bridge

Russian meaning: 1 нос 2 нос (лодки) 3 переносица

Evenki: oŋokto 1

Even: oŋъ̣t 1

Negidal: oŋokto 1

Spoken Manchu: xoŋqǝ 2 (1272)

Literary Manchu: χoŋqo 2

Ulcha: χoŋqo 2

Nanai: qoŋtoro 1, χondaχa 3, χōŋqo 2

Oroch: xoŋko 2 (possibly < Manchu)

Solon: onokto 1

Comments: ТМС 1, 413, 470; 2, 22. There is some variation of *x- and *k- (cf. the Nanai and Manchu reflexes; cf. also Neg. koŋtopkī. "nose (of a deer, elk, bear)"; but it is hardly possible to separate these variants.

Korean: *kóh

 

Proto-Korean: *kóh

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: nose

Russian meaning: нос

Modern Korean: kho

Middle Korean: kó (kóh-)

Comments: Nam 45, KED 1673.

Japanese: *kan-k-

 

Proto-Japanese: *kan-k-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to smell

Russian meaning: нюхать, обонять

Old Japanese: kag-

Middle Japanese: kág-

Tokyo: kàg-

Kyoto: kàg-

Kagoshima: kág-

Comments: JLTT 701. Kyoto points to *kàNk-, but other dialects and RJ - to *káNk-.

Comments: KW 186, 190, Владимирцов 251, Martin 242, Poppe 1974, 132, АПиПЯЯ 43-44, 80, 286, Ozawa 191, Цинциус 1984, 84, Дыбо 4, Лексика 216.