Vitamin D and risk of future hypertension: meta-analysis of 283,537 participants.

<p><br></p><div style="font: 13px/17.99px arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"></div><div style="font: 13px/17.99px arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div><span class="nowrap" id="result_sel" style="white-space: nowrap;"></span></div></div><div class="empty" id="messagearea" style="font: 13px/17.99px arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; clear: both; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"></div><div class="rprt_all" style="font: 13px/17.99px arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 845.82px; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div class="rprt abstract" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px 0px 0.5em; height: auto !important; overflow: hidden; clear: both; display: block; -ms-zoom: 1; min-height: 40px;"><div class="cit" style="line-height: 1.45em; font-size: 0.84em;"><span role="menubar"><a title="European journal of epidemiology." role="menuitem" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); text-decoration: underline; border-bottom-width: 0px;" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23456138#" alterm="Eur J Epidemiol." alsec="jour" abstractlink="yes">Eur J Epidemiol.</a></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>2013 Mar;28(3):205-21. doi: 10.1007/s10654-013-9790-2. Epub 2013 Mar 2.</div><h1 style="margin: 0.37em 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.12em; font-size: 1.23em; font-weight: bold;">Vitamin D and risk of future hypertension: meta-analysis of 283,537 participants.</h1><div class="auths" style="font-size: 0.92em;"><a style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); text-decoration: underline; border-bottom-width: 0px;" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kunutsor%20SK%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23456138">Kunutsor SK</a><sup style="top: -0.5em; line-height: 1.63em; font-size: 0.84em; vertical-align: baseline; position: relative;">1</sup>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); text-decoration: underline; border-bottom-width: 0px;" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Apekey%20TA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23456138">Apekey TA</a>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); text-decoration: underline; border-bottom-width: 0px;" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Steur%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=23456138">Steur M</a>.</div><div class="afflist" style="-ms-zoom: 1;"><h3 style="margin: 0.5em 0em; color: rgb(114, 65, 40); line-height: 1.2857; font-size: 1.07em; -ms-zoom: 1;"><a title="Open/close author information list" class="jig-ncbitoggler ui-widget ui-ncbitoggler-open" id="ui-ncbitoggler-2" role="button" aria-expanded="true" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); padding-left: 16px; font-family: arial, sans-serif !important; font-size: 13.99px; text-decoration: none !important; border-bottom-width: 0px; display: block; position: relative;" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23456138#"><span class="ui-ncbitoggler-master-text">Author information</span><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-triangle-1-s" style='background: url("//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4114362/img/3974597") no-repeat 0px 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; left: 0px; top: 3px; width: 16px; height: 16px; right: 0px; text-indent: -99999px; overflow: hidden; display: inline; position: absolute; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px;'></span></a></h3><div class="ui-helper-reset" aria-live="assertive" style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px currentColor; border-image: none; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;"><ul class="ui-ncbi-toggler-slave ui-ncbitoggler ui-ncbitoggler-slave-open" aria-hidden="false" style="margin: 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; display: block; list-style-type: none;"><li><sup style="top: -0.5em; line-height: 1.63em; font-size: 0.84em; vertical-align: baseline; position: relative;">1</sup>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK. skk31@cantab.net</li></ul></div></div><div class="abstr" style="margin: 1em auto auto;"><h3 style="margin: 0px; color: rgb(152, 87, 53); line-height: 1.2857; font-size: 1.07em; font-weight: bold; display: inline;">Abstract</h3><div><p style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; line-height: 1.46em;"><abstracttext>The evidence on the association between baseline vitamin D status and risk of incident hypertension in general populations is limited and has not been reliably quantified. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published prospective studies eval‎uating the associations of baseline vitamin D status (circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and dietary vitamin D intake) with risk of hypertension. Eligible studies were identified in a literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to November 2012. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random effects models. Generalized least-squares trend estimation was used to assess dose-response relationships. Of the 2,432 articles reviewed for eligibility, eight unique prospective cohorts with aggregate data on 283,537 non-overlapping participants and 55,816 incident hypertension cases were included. The RRs (95% CIs) for hypertension in a comparison of extreme thirds of baseline levels of vitamin D were 0.70 (0.58, 0.86) for seven studies that measured blood 25(OH) D levels and 1.00 (0.95, 1.05) for four studies that assessed dietary vitamin D intake. The pooled RR of incident hypertension per 10 ng/mL increment in baseline 25(OH)D levels was 0.88 (0.81, 0.97) in dose-response analysis. Evidence was lacking of heterogeneity among studies that measured blood 25(OH) D levels and those that assessed dietary vitamin D status. Studies are needed to determine whether the association of vitamin D with hypertension represents a causal association and also to determine whether vitamin D therapy may be beneficial in the prevention or the treatment of hypertension.</abstracttext></p></div></div><div class="err" style="margin: 1.1em auto 0px;"><h3 style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.2857; font-size: 1.07em; display: block;">Comment in</h3><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; list-style-type: none;"><li class="comments" style="display: block;"><a style="color: rgb(20, 55, 108); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 0px;" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23821243" ref="ncbi_uid=23456138&link_uid=23821243&commcorr_type=commentin">Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and hypertension risk.</a><span class="source" style="color: rgb(119, 119, 119); padding-left: 0.3em;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Eur J Epidemiol. 2013]</span></li></ul></div><div class="aux" style="margin: 1.2em auto auto; line-height: 1.4em; font-size: inherit;"><div class="resc" style="color: rgb(87, 87, 87);"><dl class="rprtid" style="margin: 0px 15px 0px 0px; color: rgb(87, 87, 87); line-height: 1.4em; font-size: 0.84em; display: inline;"><dt style="padding: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px !important; display: inline; white-space: nowrap;">PMID:</dt><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><dd style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline; white-space: nowrap;">23456138</dd><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><dd style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline; white-space: nowrap;">[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]</dd></dl></div></div></div></div><p><br></p><p><strong><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 127);">해당 FullText 바로 이용하기</span></strong></p><p><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 127);"><font color="#333333">☞ <a href="http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=66fba5e4-6c30-4095-9392-c1d035e1232f%40sessionmgr107&vid=3&hid=115">http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=66fba5e4-6c30-4095-9392-c1d035e1232f%40sessionmgr107&vid=3&hid=115</a><br></font></span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 127);"><strong></strong></span></p><p><strong><br></strong></p><p><strong>European Journal of Epidemiology</strong></p><p>☞ <a href="http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=mdc&jid=G8O&scope=site">http://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=mdc&jid=G8O&scope=site</a></p><p>    <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 127);"><strong>MED COM </strong></span>2005년 ~ 최근, 엠바고 1Year</p><div style="font: 13px/17.99px arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"></div><div style="font: 13px/17.99px arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div><span class="nowrap" id="result_sel" style="white-space: nowrap;"></span></div></div><div class="empty" id="messagearea" style="font: 13px/17.99px arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; border: currentColor; border-image: none; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; clear: both; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"></div><div class="rprt_all" style="font: 13px/17.99px arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 845.82px; text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"></div><p><br></p>