The Bhagavad Gita 바가바드 기타
- 삶이란 전쟁터에서 찾는 진리의 말씀
한글평역 : 푸른글
4342.10.25
Chapter 11: Vision of the Cosmic Form / The Universal Form The Yoga of the Vision of the Cosmic Form
제11장 : 우주적 형상의 광경 / 자재신(自在神)의 일체상(一切相)
* 요가 : 여기서의 요가는 인식할 수 없는 것에서 인식할 수 있는 것들을 창조해내는 힘 또는 방법이다. (7장25절과 9장 5절을 참조하라)
(앞부분에 이어서 계속)
Seeing Your mouths, with fearful teeth, glowing like fires of cosmic dissolution, I lose my sense of direction and find no comfort. Have mercy on me! O Lord of gods, refuge of the universe. (11.25) 당신의 입들과 두려운 이빨들을 보고 있노라면 제게는 그것이 마치 우주가 타오르는 멸망의 불길에 휩싸여 있는 것처럼 보이기에 저는 제가 가야할 방향감각을 잃어버리고 평안을 찾을 수가 없나이다. 그러하오니 오 신들의 주인이시며 우주의 의지처이신 주님이시여, 부디 제게 자비를 베풀어 주소서. O Lord of lords, O refuge of the worlds, please be gracious to me. I cannot keep my balance seeing thus Your blazing deathlike faces and awful teeth. In all directions I am bewildered. 25. Having seen Thy mouths, fearful with teeth, blazing like the fires of cosmic dissolution, I know not the four quarters, nor do I find peace. Have mercy, O Lord of the gods! O abode of the universe!
The sons of Dhritaraashtra along with the hosts of kings; Bheeshma, Drona, and Karna together with chief warriors on our side are also quickly entering into Your fearful mouths having terrible teeth. Some are seen caught in between the teeth with their heads crushed. (11.26-27) 저기에 왕들의 무리와 함께 줄지어 늘어서 있는 드리타라슈트라의 모든 왕자들, 그리고 자신들의 좌우에 정예병들을 거느리고 우리 쪽으로 서있는 비슈마, 드로다 그리고 카르나 장군, 역시 마찬가지로 끔찍한 이빨들을 가진 당신의 무시무시한 입들 속으로 하릴없이 빨려 들어가고 있나이다. 그리고 그들 중 더러는 당신의 이빨 사이에 끼여 머리통이 부서지는 것이 보이나이다. All the sons of Dhrtarastra, along with their allied kings, and Bhisma, Drona, Karna -- and our chief soldiers also -- are rushing into Your fearful mouths. And some I see trapped with heads smashed between Your teeth. (BG 11. 26-27) 26. All the sons of Dhritarashtra with the hosts of kings of the earth, Bhishma, Drona and Karna, with the chief among all our warriors, 27. They hurriedly enter into Thy mouths with terrible teeth and fearful to behold. Some are found sticking in the gaps between the teeth, with their heads crushed to powder.
As many torrents of the rivers rush toward the ocean, similarly, those warriors of the mortal world are entering Your blazing mouths. (11.28) 마치 수많은 급류들이 바다를 향해 돌진하듯이, 죽어야만 하는 운명을 가진 세상의 저 전사들도 그와 같이 불타고 있는 당신의 입들을 향해 뛰어들고 있나이다. As the many waves of the rivers flow into the ocean, so do all these great warriors enter blazing into Your mouths. 28. Verily, just as many torrents of rivers flow towards the ocean, even so these heroes of the world of men enter Thy flaming mouths.
COMMENTARY: Arjuna sees all the warriors, whom he did not wish to kill, rushing to death. He knows now that the Lord has already destroyed them, so why should he worry about the inevitable.
As moths rush with great speed into the blazing flame for destruction, similarly all these people are rapidly rushing into Your mouths for destruction. (11.29) 부나비들이 타오르는 파멸의 불 속으로 뛰어들 듯이, 그처럼 저 모든 사람들 또한 파멸이 기다리는 당신의 입 속으로 하릴없이 돌진하고 있나이다. I see all people rushing full speed into Your mouths, as moths dash to destruction in a blazing fi
re. 29. As moths hurriedly rush into a blazing fire for (their own) destruction, so also these creatures hurriedly rush into Thy mouths for (their own) destruction.
You are licking up all the worlds with Your flaming mouths, swallowing them from all sides. Your powerful radiance is burning the entire universe, and filling it with splendor, O Krishna. (11.30) 오 비쉬누의 모습을 하신 크리슈나 신이시여, 당신께서는 불타는 당신의 입들로 천지사방에 있는 온 세계들을 씹어 삼키나이다. 당신의 맹렬한 광휘가 온 우주를 불태워 우주를 장려함으로 채우고 있나이다. O Visnu, I see You devouring all people from all sides with Your flaming mouths. Covering all the universe with Your effulgence, You are manifest with terrible, scorching rays. 30. Thou lickest up, devouring all the worlds on every side with Thy flaming mouths. Thy fierce rays, filling the whole world with radiance, are burning, O Vishnu!
Tell me who are You in such a fierce form? My salutations to You, O best of gods, be merciful! I wish to understand You, the primal Being, because I do not know Your mission. (11.31) 오 신들 중 최고의 신이시여, 저의 구원을 당신께 의탁하오니 부디 제게 자비를 베푸시어, 그토록 무서운 형상을 하고 계시는 당신은 누구인지를 말씀해 주옵소서. 저는 근원의 존재이신 당신을 이해하기를 원하옵니다. 그것은 제가 당신이 하시고자 하는 바 그 뜻을 모르기 때문이옵니다.
O Lord of lords, so fierce of form, please tell me who You are. I offer my obeisances unto You; please be gracious to me. You are the primal Lord. I want to know about You, for I do not know what Your mission is. 31. Tell me, who Thou art, so fierce in form. Salutations to Thee, O God Supreme! Have mercy; I desire to know Thee, the original Being. I know not indeed Thy doing.
The Supreme Lord said: I am death, the mighty destroyer of the world, out to destroy. Even without your participation all the warriors standing arrayed in the opposing armies shall cease to exist. (11.32) 지고의 주님께서 말씀하시기를 : 나는 파괴[時間]를 통해 이 세상에 죽음을 가져다 주는 강력한 파괴자이니라. 그러므로 너의 관여함이 없더라도 나에게 대항하여 줄지어 늘어서 있는 저 모든 전사들은 죽음을 면하지 못할 것이니라. The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: Time I am, the great destroyer of the worlds, and I have come here to destroy all people. With the exception of you [the Pandavas], all the soldiers here on both sides will be slain. 32. I am the mighty world-destroying Time, now engaged in destroying the worlds. Even without thee, none of the warriors arrayed in the hostile armies shall live.
Therefore, you get up and attain glory. Conquer your enemies and enjoy a prosperous kingdom. All these (warriors) have already been destroyed by Me. You are only an instrument, O Arjuna. (11.33) 그러므로 너는 일어나 승리를 쟁취하라. 너의 적들을 정복하여 왕국의 번영을 누릴지어다. 저 모든 전사들은 이미 나에 의해 죽기로 결정되어 있느니라. 오 아르쥬나여, 너는 단지 도구에 불과할 뿐이니라.
Therefore get up. Prepare to fight and win glory. Conquer your enemies and enjoy a flourishing kingdom. They are already put to death by My arrangement, and you, O Savyasaci, can be but an instrument in the fight. 33. Therefore, stand up and obtain fame. Conquer the enemies and enjoy the unrivalled kingdom. Verily, they have already been slain by Me; be thou a mere instrument, O Arjuna!
Kill Drona, Bheeshma, Jayadratha, Karna, and other great warriors who are already killed by Me. Do not fear. You will certainly conquer the enemies in the battle, therefore, fight! (11.34) 그러니 너는 두려워하지 말고 드로나, 비슈마, 자야드라다, 카르나 장군과 나에 의해 이미 죽기로 결정되어져 있는 다른 위대한 전사들도 죽이도록 하라. 너는 이 전쟁터에서 반드시 그 적들을 정복하게 될 것이니라. 그러니 싸우도록 하라. Drona, Bhisma, Jayadratha, Karna and the other great warriors have already been destroyed by Me. Therefore, kill them and do not be disturbed. Simply fight, and you will vanquish your enemies in battle. 34. Drona, Bhishma, Jayadratha, Karna and all the other courageous warriors - these have already been slain by me; kill; be not distressed with fear; fight and you shall conquer your enemies in battle.
Sanjaya said: Having heard these words of Krishna; the crowned Arjuna, trembling with folded hands, prostrated with fear and spoke to Krishna in a choked voice. (11.35) 산자야가 드리타라슈트라 왕에게 말하기를 : 크리슈나의 이러한 말들을 들은 제왕인 아르쥬나는 합장을 한 채로 꿇어 엎드리고서 두려움에 떨었다. 그리고 목이 메인 목소리로 크리슈나를 향해 이렇게 말했다. Sanjaya said to Dhrtarastra: O King, after hearing these words from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the trembling Arjuna offered obeisances with folded hands again and again. He fearfully spoke to Lord Krsna in a faltering voice, as follows.
35. Having heard that speech of Lord Krishna, the crowned one (Arjuna), with joined palms, trembling, prostrating himself, again addressed Krishna, in a choked voice, bowing down, overwhelmed with fear.
Arjuna said: Rightly, O Krishna, the world delights and rejoices in glorifying You. Terrified demons flee in all directions. The hosts of Siddhas bow to You in adoration. (11.36) 아르쥬나가 말하기를 : 오 크리슈나이시여, 당신의 영광을 찬양하는 것 속에서 세상이 환희와 기쁨을 누리는 것이 지당하옵나이다. 겁에 질린 악마들은 온 사방으로 달아났고, 완전한 경지에 이른 성자들은 당신께 공경의 절을 올리나이다. Arjuna said: O master of the senses, the world becomes joyful upon hearing Your name, and thus everyone becomes attached to You. Although the perfected beings offer You their respectful homage, the demons are afraid, and they flee here and there. All this is rightly done. Arjuna said: 36. It is meet, O Krishna, that the world delights and rejoices in Thy praise; demons fly in fear to all quarters and the hosts of the perfected ones bow to Thee!
Why should they not, O great soul, bow to You, the original creator who is even greater than Brahmaa - O infinite Lord, O God of gods, O abode of the universe, You are both Sat and Asat, and the imperishable Brahman that is beyond both (Sat and Asat). (11.37) 오, 창조의 신인 '브라흐마'보다도 위대하신, 창조의 근원이신 위대한 영(靈)이시여, 그들이 어찌 당신께 경배를 올리지 않을 수 있겠나이까? 오 무한의 주님이시고, 신들 중의 신이시며 우주를 지켜보는 자이신 당신께서는 있음과 없음 그 둘 모두이시며, 있음과 없음 그 둘 모두를 넘어서 존재하시는 영원불멸의 '브라흐만'이십니다. O great one, greater even than Brahma, You are the original creator. Why then should they not offer their respectful obeisances unto You? O limitless one, God of gods, refuge of the universe! You are the invincible source, the cause of all causes, transcendental to this material manifestation. 37. And why should they not, O great soul, bow to Thee who art greater (than all else), the primal cause even of (Brahma) the creator, O Infinite Being! O Lord of the gods! O abode of the universe! Thou art the imperishable, the Being, the non-being and That which is the supreme (that which is beyond the Being and non-being).
COMMENTARY: The Lord is Mahatma. He is greater than all else. He is the imperishable, so He is the proper object of worship, love and delight. 마하트마[聖靈, 大聖]가 주님이며, 그는 다른 무엇보다도 위대하다. 그런 주님은 영원불멸이기에 사랑과 기쁨으로 숭배하기에 적절한 대상이다.
You are the primal God, the most ancient Person. You are the ultimate resort of all the universe. You are the knower, the object of knowledge, and the supreme abode. The entire universe is pervaded by You, O Lord of the infinite form. (11.38) 당신께서는 근원이신 하나님이시며, 가장 오래된 참사람이시옵니다. 당신께서는 온 우주의 궁극적 안식처이옵니다. 당신께서는 아는 분이시며, 지혜의 대상이시며, 주시하는 자이신 지고의 자성(自性)이옵니다. 오 무한한 형상의 주님이시여, 온 우주는 당신에 의해 넘쳐납니다. You are the original Personality of Godhead, the oldest, the ultimate sanctuary of this manifested cosmic world. You are the knower of everything, and You are all that is knowable. You are the supreme refuge, above the material modes. O limitless form! This whole cosmic manifestation is pervaded by You!
당신께서는 신성(神性)의 근원인 참다운 실재성(實在性)이시며, 가장 오래되었으며, 이 현현(顯現)된 광대무변한 세계의 최종 목적지인 신성한 사원이옵니다. 당신께서는 모든 것을 아시는 자이시며, 인식되어 질 수 있는 모든 것이시며, 형상을 넘어선 지고의 의지처이옵니다. 오 무한한 모습을 가지신 이여, 이 온 우주적 현시(顯示)가 당신의 나투심에 의한 것임을. 38. Thou art the primal God, the ancient Purusha, the supreme refuge of this universe, the knower, the knowable and the supreme abode. By Thee is the universe pervaded, O Being of infinite forms!
You are Vaayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, Shashaanka, and Brahmaa as well as the father of Brahmaa. Salutations to You a thousand times, and again and again salutations to You. (11.39) 당신은 바람의 신인 '바유'이시며, 죽음의 임금인 '야마'이시며, 불의 신인 '아그니'이시며, 물의 신인 '바루나'이시며, 달의 신인 '샤샹카'이시며, 창조주 '브하흐마'의 아버지이시면서 마찬가지로 창조주 '브라흐마'이기도 합니다. 당신께 절을 올리고 또 절을 올리고 수천 번 절을 올리며, 당신께 다시 한번 거듭하여 절을 올리나이다.
You are air, and You are the supreme controller! You are fire, You are water, and You are the moon! You are Brahma, the first living creature, and You are the great-grandfather. I therefore offer my respectful obeisances unto You a thousand times, and again and yet again! 39. Thou art Vayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the moon, the creator, and the great-grandfather. Salutations, salutations unto Thee, a thousand times, and again salutations, salutations unto Thee!
My salutations to You from front and from behind. O Lord, my obeisances to You from all sides. You are infinite valor and the boundless might. You pervade everything, and therefore You are everywhere and in everything. (11.40) 오 주님, 당신의 앞에서 당신의 뒤에서 당신께 절을 올리나이다. 일체의 방향에서 당신께 존경의 절을 올리나이다. 당신의 무한한 능력과 강대한 힘은 한이 없나이다. 당신께서 모든 것에 두루 충만하게 하시기에, 그러므로 당신은 어디에나 계시는 분이시며 모든 것들 속에 계시는 분이시옵니다. Obeisances to You from the front, from behind and from all sides! O unbounded power, You are the master of limitless might! You are all-pervading, and thus You are everything!
40. Salutations to Thee from front and from behind! Salutations to Thee on every side! O All! Thou infinite in power and prowess, pervadest all; wherefore Thou art all.
Considering You merely as a friend, not knowing Your greatness, I have inadvertently addressed You as O Krishna, O Yadava, O friend; merely out of affection or carelessness. (11.41) 그동안 저는 경솔하게도 당신의 위대하심을 모르고서, 당신을 그저 친구로만 알아 왔기에, 부주의하게 혹은 다만 친근함의 표현으로 당신을 '오 크리슈나여, 오 야두(Yadu)의 후손인 야다바[역자주:크리슈나의 다른 이름]여, 오 친구여' 하고 당신을 지칭해 왔나이다. 41. Whatever I have presumptuously uttered from love or carelessness, addressing Thee as O Krishna! O Yadava! O Friend! regarding Thee merely as a friend, unknowing of this, Thy greatness,
In whatever way I may have insulted You in jokes; while playing, reposing in bed, sitting, or at meals; when alone, or in front of others; O Krishna, I implore You for forgiveness. (11.42) 그리고 농담으로, 놀면서, 자리에 들어 쉬면서, 앉아서 혹은 밥을 먹으면서, 단 둘이 있을 때나 혹은 다른 사람들 앞에서 당신을 여러 가지 방법으로 모독하였나이다. 오 크리슈나이시여, 당신께 간청하오니 부디 저를 용서하시옵소서. Thinking of You as my friend, I have rashly addressed You "O Krsna," "O Yadava," "O my friend," not knowing Your glories. Please forgive whatever I may have done in madness or in love. I have dishonored You many times, jesting as we relaxed, lay on the same bed, or sat or ate together, sometimes alone and sometimes in front of many friends. O infallible one, please excuse me for all those offenses.(BG 11. 41-42) 42. In whatever way I may have insulted you for the sake of fun while at play, reposing, sitting or at meals, when alone (with you), Achyuta, or in company - that I implore you, immeasurable one, to forgive!
You are the father of this animate and inanimate world, and the greatest guru to be worshipped. No one is even equal to You in the three worlds; how can there be one greater than You? O Being of Incomparable Glory. (11.43) 당신께서는 생명을 가진 것들의 생명을 가지지 못한 것들의 아버지이시며 세상 모든 것들의 아버지이시며, 내내 경배를 받아오셨던 가장 위대한 스승이십니다. 오 그 무엇과도 비길 수 없는 광영(光榮)의 존재이시여, 삼계(三界) 속에 존재하는 그 누가 당신과 감히 동등할 수 있으며, 당신보다 더 크신 이가 그 어디에 있을 수 있나이까?
You are the father of this complete cosmic manifestation, of the moving and the nonmoving. You are its worshipable chief, the supreme spiritual master. No one is equal to You, nor can anyone be one with You. How then could there be anyone greater than You within the three worlds, O Lord of immeasurable power? 43. You are the Father of this world, unmoving and moving. You are to be adored by this world. You are the greatest Guru; (for) none there exists who is equal to you; how then can there be another superior to you in the three worlds, Being of unequalled power?
Therefore, O adorable Lord, I seek Your grace by bowing down and prostrating my body before You. Bear with me as a father to his son, as a friend to a friend, and as a husband to his wife, O Lord. (11.44) 오 찬양을 바칠만한 자격을 갖추신 주님이시여, 그러므로 저는 당신 앞에 꿇어 엎드려 절하며 당신의 자비를 구하나이다. 오 주님, 부디 아버지가 그 아들에게 하듯이, 친구가 친구에게 하듯이, 지아비가 지어미에게 하듯이 저를 용서하여 주시옵소서. You are the Supreme Lord, to be worshiped by every living being. Thus I fall down to offer You my respectful obeisances and ask Your mercy. As a father tolerates the impudence of his son, or a friend tolerates the impertinence of a friend, or a wife tolerates the familiarity of her partner, please tolerate the wrongs I may have done You. 44. Therefore, bowing down, prostrating my body, I crave Thy forgiveness, O adorable Lord! As a father forgives his son, a friend his (dear) friend, a lover his beloved, even so shouldst Thou forgive me, O God!
여기서 역자인 푸른글이 번역한 판본은 별도의 설명이 없는 한 원본에 가장 충실한 영역이라고 생각되는 http://vedabase.net/bg/ 사이트에서 가져온 것을 번역한 것이며 해석의 차이가 별로 없다고 생각될 때는 따로 번역하지 않고 깊게 공부할 사람들을 위해 영어 원문만 인용하였다.
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