주역 상편.2.重地坤(중지곤)-18(2)

I Ching(Book of Changes) First Volume.     2.重地坤(중지곤) : Hexagram 2 . Kun(The Receptive / Earth). ䷁  ......8        ▣Use Six : It is beneficial to be steadfast and persistent for a long time.           [Explanation]            [Use Six] means that the Way of Kun(Earth) must walk the path of righteousness for a long,             long time to achieve a successful and beautiful conclusion.            [Commentary]              The Way of Kun refers to endurance and perseverance.               That endurance is driven by continuous life-giving force(Sengseng-bulsik),               and it requires enduring perpetual hardship―even to the point of filtering out impure blood               through menstruation.               This is because one can only be revered as a great Holy Mother by properly nurturing                the seed  of Heaven.                Heaven demands that Kun faithfully and eternally walk the righteous path of womanhood                [Beneficial, Everlasting, Righteousness].                Perhaps this is why the character 'Jeong(貞,정 - virtue / correctness) in Kun contains                an incantation urgiiiing women to properly perform the 'cowrie shell divination'(貝,패 +卜,복).                Confucius commented with praise : "The Way of Kun, practiced with eternal righteousness,                serves to achieve a grand conclusion alongside the great Heaven[Xiang Chuan : 'Use Six and                be steadfast forever, thus achieving a great end'],"                thereby elevating the Way of Kun to a position equal to Heaven.                In the Zhou Li(Rites of Zhou) as well, it states :               "The substance of Kun(Earth) has no boundary[坤體無疆,곤체무강 -Kun-Ti-Wu-Jiang],                while the virtue of Qian(Heaven) never rests [乾德不息,건덕불식 - Qian-De-Bu-Xi].                Rhus, since it is unknown how long it will endure,                divination calls it 'Jeong'(貞,정 - steadfastness / virtue)."                This means that divining is done to see when Kun, being boundlessly strong,                 reaches a finite turning point, or when Qian, being unceasing, might come to a pause.                 Here, too, the Great Invoker(Dae-chuk) prays the everlasting steadfastness                (永貞,영정 - Yeong-jeong) of the royal sacrifice(Seong-saeng).                In the Nammyeong Spirit-Way Epitaph(Nammyeong Sindo-bi),                Yeong-jeong was interpreted as referring to the royal sacrifice(Seong-saeng).                Although the substance(體,체 -Ti) of Kun(Earth) is Yin(陰,음) and is thus gentle and yielding,                when it acts, it becomes Yang(陽,양) and beecomes strong(剛,강 -Gang).                For example, when the household is peaceful, a woman quietly maintains                her yielding substance(體,체 - Ti).                However, when facing hardship, she manifests a fierce maternal power to lead                and support the family even more firmly and strongly then a man.                This is what Dongpa(Su Shi) meant when he side, "The i Ching(Book of Changes)                 often uses small and large to represent Yin and Yang."                 In essence, Yin(陰,음) is Yang(陽,양), and  Yang(陽,양) is Yin(陰,음).                This is precisely what the Supreme Ultimate Diagram(Taikitu) signifies                  by "Yin within Yang" and "Yang within Yin."                 Becausee Yin and Yang coexist within my own mind,                  sorrow(Yin) and joy(Yang) continuously coexist in harminy(喜悲,희비 - Hui-hui)                 Furthemore, while it is said that Qian(Heaven) unceasingly practices self- improvement                 (自强不息,자강불식 - Ja-gang-bul-sik), Kun(Earth) possesses the virtue that encompasses                 even Qian(Heaven) to unify the as one[德合無疆,덕함무강 - De-He-Wu-Jiang].                 Kun(Earth) embraces not only Heaven, but also everything vast and boundless beneath                 the sky[含弘光大,함홍광대 - Han-Hong-Gwang-Dae].                 Thus, the 'Great War'(大戰,대전 - Dae-jae)  of Qian(Heaven) ends up melting                 into the 'Merciful War'(慈戰,자전 - Ji-jae) of Kun(Earth).                 In other words, if one uses 6(Yin) completely to the very end, it turns into 9 (Yang).                 This is why 6 and 9 become Yin and Yang, which in turn becomes                  the Great Ending(Dae-jong) of the Great War(Dae-jae).                 Therefore, one prays for the vast and magnificent embrace                  [含弘光大,함홍광대 - Han-Hong-Gwang-Dae] of the Great Earth.                 Seeing that Zhu Xi also remarked, "Use Six[六用,육용 - Yung-Yuk] refers to one who has                 obtained all Yin lines, "shows that he understood how the Kun hexagram(Kun-Gwae)                 transforms into the Qian hexagram(Qian-Gwae).                 This means that when Qian(Heaven) completely changes,                  it when Kun(Earth) completely changes, it becomes Qian(Heaven).                 Even hell changes into Yang as the Old Yin(No-Eum) moves;                 thus, if one obtains the Kun hexagram and all six lines are Old Yin,                 they transform to become the Qian hexagram.                              Dasan(Jeong Yak-yong) also states that when divining with yarrow stalks,                 if one undergoes 18 changes to obtain the number of Earth,                 all six lines have transformed, and this is precisely what is called 'Use Six"                 (六用,육용 - Yung-Yuk).