수능찍기

[meca]

 

1유형.빈칸이 뒤에 있는 빈칸 추론

 해법:빈칸과 동일한 문장성분을 앞문장에서 찾아라.

  2001년27번.

  다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

A child will often ask for approval openly. "Look at my painting! Isn't it pretty?" But adults are generally less honest about their need for support. A grown-up who tried his or her best at something isn't like to ask, "Didn't I do a good job!" But the adult needs to hear it all the same. In other words, children and adults alike want to hear positive remarks. Therefore, don't forget to(          )  when they need support.

 ① send doctors      ② praise others  

 ③ draw paintings     ④ keep promises

 ⑤ blame them

therefore를 보니 이 문장은 결론이고,빈칸은 ~하는 것을 하지 말라는 얘기니까 목적어이다.그러면 앞문장에서 목적어를 찾아 보자.어른과 애들은 모두 긍정적인 말을 듣기를 원한다니까 목적어는 긍정적인 말,즉 칭찬으로 추론할 수있다.

명심할 사항:마지막 문장은 결론,요약이다.therefore,so,thus,in conclusion등이 있는 지를 살펴서 확인하도록 하라.

approval 승인  openly 공개적으로   positive 긍정적인   remark 논평  support 지원  praise 칭찬하다  blame  비난하다

 2000년 26번

  다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Buy Nothing Day is an international day for buying nothing at all. It asks us to think about what we buy and whether buying more actually increases our quality of life. Every product we buy has an effect on the environment. Even before we spend our money, making, advertising, and packaging what we buy can cost a lot in pure water, air, and soil. In short, our(              )can have considerable effects on the environment.

① raw materials                           ② quality control       

③ shopping habits                       ④ advertising media   

⑤ international business

일단 빈칸의 문장성분을 밝히는 것이 먼저입니다.주어 자리에 빈칸이 있으니,이제 앞 문장의 주어만 찾으면 됩니다.주어가 making, advertising, and packaging what we buy 니까 답이

shopping habits라고 추론할 수있죠.

명심할 사항:이런 유형에서 마지막 문장은 무조건 결론 아니면 요약이다.

 1999년 27번

   다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

The Ashanti people in Africa name their children according to the day of the week on which they are born. They believe that Monday boys are quiet and well-behaved. But Wednesday boys are said to easily get angry and upset. A recent report on the behavior of Ashanti children shows that it true. Monday boys are less frequently fighting than chance would have it, while Wednesday boy are more likely to quarrel. This finding suggests that names can have a powerful effect upon                      (             ) .

① weekly report    ② personal behavior    

③ nation pride      ④ local economy   

⑤ physical appearance

 이 문제는 이름이 무엇에 영향을끼치는 지 찾는 것인데 빈칸이 목적어이므로,앞 문장에서 목적어를 찾아야 하는데 목적어가 없다.그러면 대체수단으로 보어를 찾으면 앞 문장의 보어인 less frequently fighting과 more likely to quarrel과 의미가 가장 가까운 것으로 답을 하면 된다.월요일과 수요일에 태어난 아이들의 행동차이를 말했는데 갑자기 이름이 행동에 영향을 끼친다고 하니 이상하지 않습니까?태어난 요일이 아니고 웬이름?이렇게 확신이 않설땐 첫 문장을 읽어 보세요.

well-behaved 품행 바른  upset 열받은, 당혹해하는  behavior 행위  physical 물리적[육체적,물질적]인  appearance 인상,출현

  2002년25번

    다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  People all around the world spend an average of 1.1 hours on the road each day. Thousands of people are killed, and hundreds of thousands injured each day in car accidents. We are pumping huge quantities of CO₂ into the atmosphere, almost one-third of which comes from cars. We know that this gas causes a greenhouse effect. Our roads are crowded no matter how many we build, and building them destroys nature. Huge amounts of space arc given over to parking lots rather than to trees and birds. Thus, we know of many ways in which car use is __________.

① expensive but helpful         ② expensive but unavoidable

③ limited but effective         ④ cheap and convenient

⑤ costly and harmful

출제예상

 다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.-빈칸 앞문장만 일고 풀어보라.

 Parents begin to teach their children gender roles very early in life.In an experiment

 mothers were given a chance to hand a toy fish, a doll,or a toy train to a six-month-old infant. It was found that they more often handed the doll to the female

 and the train to the male infant.This means that the reaction of a mother differs according to the sex of the infant.Thus,we can conclude that grown-up people in our society show(       )to boys and girls.

① same interest          ② clear answers

③ clever questions      ④ different response

⑤ complete indifference

참고:결론을 유도하는 연결사

thus따라서  hence그러므로  accordingly따라서  in conclusion결론적으로  in short간단히 말하면  on the whole전체적으로  consequently결과적으로  in consequence결과적으로

in summary요약하면  finally마침내  in brief짧게말하면  in a word한마디로 말해

as a result결국  therefore그러므로  to sum up요약하면  lastly결국엔  briefly간단히말하면  to conclude결론적으로

2유형.빈칸이 중간에 있는 빈칸추론

 해법:앞문장에서 힌트를 얻고 뒤문장에서 확인하라.

  2001년25번

  다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  .

   An old Greek myth tells the story of a farmer. The farmer sowed seeds and reaped what he sowed. But he was not content with his own crops, and he stole crops from nearby farmers. The Greek god, Zeus, was very angry at this. So he turned the farmer into an ant. However, the farmer's character(                  ). Like the farmer, the ant still went from field to field, storing up food for itself.

①  improved greatly       ②  become more honestly 

③ remained the same    ④  made the and angry

⑤  was fit for farming

앞문장을 보면 제우스신이 농부를 개미로 변하게 했다고 했는데 however가 있으니까 앞문장과 반대되는 얘기가 나와야한다는 것은 추론이 가능하다.그러니 농부의 특성은 변화가 없었다외에는 답이 될만한 것이 없다.좀더 확실하게 하기 위해서 문장 Like the farmer, the ant still went from field to field, storing up food for itself를 보면 정답이 정확하다는 것을 알수 있다.

Greek myth 그리스 신화     sow 뿌리다   seed 씨    reap 수확하다    be content with ~에 만족하다    crops  농작물    turn A  into  B  A를 B로 변화시키다    ant 개미    character 성격   store up 저정하다       improve 향상시키다      honestly 정직하게    be fit for ~에 적합하다

 2000년28번

 다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  Nawal was a joy to her mother, but also a terrible heartache. Her mom knew that she was so ill that she would die soon without expensive treatment. And Nawal's mom had no money.One evening,Nawal`s teacher came."Do your homework,Nawal,"the teacher said."You`ll be back in school soon."Nawal`s mom looked at him (                  ). "A friend of mine wrote an article about Nawal," explained the teacher. "One of his readers, doctor, has offered to treat her for free."

 Nawal's smile was so wide that it spread across all three faces.

 ① on time        ② in wonder     ③ out of fear  

 ④ for nothing   ⑤ with hunger

여기에는 연결어가 없지요.이런경우는 대개 사건을 시간순서대로 서술한 글이기 때문에 상황을 파악하는 것이 중요하다.앞부분을 보면 딸이 아파도 돈이 없어 수술을 못하고 있는 형편인데 선생님이 학교에 곧 나오게 될 거라고 말하고 있다.이런 상황이라면 엄마가 어떻게

쳐다본 걸까? 놀라서 쳐다 보았을 것이다.놀라서 쳐다 보니까 뒤 문장에서 바로 선생님이 이유를 설명해 주시고 있다.

 1999년28번

 다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  To keep a pleasant environment, employers cannot allow certain kinds of behaviors such as arriving late or bothering others. These behaviors may weaken the group work environment and decrease productivity. So employers always (           )  when they judge a worker's performance. They look for employees who support each other, take pride in their work, and encourage a pleasant working environment. Respect, good manners, and thoughtful behaviors are keys to successful teamwork. In fact, working well with others is one of the most important job skills.

① refuse offers     ② finish work      

③ value honesty    ④ consider teamwork 

⑤ recognize importance

 so(그래서)를 보면 빈칸이 있는 문장과 앞문장이 근거-결론이라는 것을 알 수 있고 함께 일하는 분위기와 생산성을 약화시키는 것을 방지할 수 있는 방법을 찾는 것이 고용주들이 취할 행동이라는 것은 쉽게 추론할 수있다.그리고 이어지는 문장에서 support each other, take pride in their work, and encourage a pleasant working environment를 보면 정답이 teamwork과 관련돼 있다는 것을 확신할 수있다.

employ 고용하다  bother 귀찮게[짜증나게]하다 weaken 약화시키다  decrease 감소시키다  productivity 생산성  performance 수행,공연  take pride in 자부심을 느끼다 encourage 격려하다, 용기를 북돋다

 2002년27번

 다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  An eighteenth-century scholar said, "Water, which is essential for life, costs nothing. On the other hand, diamonds, which are essential for nothing, cost a lot." Unfortunately, the world has changed considerably since that remark was made. What was true over two hundred years ago is certainly no longer the case. What is still true, however, is a writer's comment, "__________" That is, we ignore it when we have it―unless we have too much of it, of course. Once there is a threat to its supply, however, water can quickly become the only thing that matters. We know only too well that, without it, there can be no life.

① Still waters run deep.

② It never rains but it pours.

③ It's the nature of water to run downhill..

④ Water is best but diamonds shine like stars.

⑤ When the well's dry, we know the worth of water.

출제예상

 다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.-빈칸 앞뒤문장만 읽고 풀어보자.

 The tomato is very popular in America today.But it didn`t become a popular food until just about a century ago.In those days,people believed that a raw tomato was poisonous.So people were afraid to eat tomatoes until 1830,when Robert Johnson dared eat an uncooked tomato in front of many people.People,watching this,expected Johnson(        ).When he didn`t,people realized that the tomato was harmless,and it became popular in the country.

① to be punished    ② to be famous     

③ to look healthy   ④ to die immediately 

⑤ to make much money

구조파악에 도움이 되는 연결사

 because왜냐하면  so that을 위해  owing to 때문에  for the purpose of할목적으로

 by reason of라는 이유로   so as to을 위해  similarly마찬가지로  in contrast반대로

 alike똑같이  unlike와 달리  likewise비슷하게  while반면에  in other words다시말해서

 in addition또한  namely즉  besides게다가  that is즉  moreover더욱이

 유형3.주제찾기

  해법:처음 두문장의 주어+동사의 내용을 하나로 묶어라.

  2001년41번

 다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  It would be costly not to use language properly. Your language influences others, and their reactions to you may be determined by it. For example, your language use affects your teachers' attitudes toward you. I affects your parents' responses to your requests. It also affect your friends' understanding of you and their feelings toward you. It may even determine your ability to get a particular job or move to a higher position in your workplace.

 ① means of mass communication      

 ② how to become a teacher

 ③ the importance of language use  

 ④ understanding one's own feelings

 ⑤ the theory of language development

 주제란 `화제+필자의 주장하는바`라 할수있다.화제는 주어에 주장하는 바는 동사에 나타나

주어인 not to use your language,your language를 보면 이 글이 언어에 대한 글이고

 would be costly와 influences others등을 보면 언어를 사용하는 것이 중요하다고 추정할 수있다.그래도 혹시 시간이 남으면 주어만 찾아서 추적해 보면 정답에 대한 확신이 더 생길 것이다.

costly 값비싼    properly 적절히  influence 영향, 영향을 미치다  reaction 반응  determine 결정하다, 결론 짖다  affect 영향을 미치다  attitude 자세, 관점  response  대답, 반응

 2000년35번

 다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오

 Social change for the better happens when groups of citizens try to bring it about. Today, such groups can take on many tasks once performed by governments. These so-called non-governmental organizations deliver social services. They are active in various areas from law to medicine. They watch and influence what governments do at home or abroad. What is more, they often work better than governments. This is because they are able to use people from all walks of life.

  ① 민간 기업의 합병                       ② 민․관 협력 방안        

 ③ 정부의 개혁 의지                       ④ 비정부 기구의 역할   

 ⑤ 정부의 구조와 기능

  처음 두문장의 주어는 Social change for the better,groups of citizens,such groups이고 try to bring it about,take on many tasks once performed by governments등을 요약하면 시민단체가 어떤 역할을 한다고 추론할 수있고 가장가까운 답을 찾을 수있고 셋째문장의 주어인 These so-called non-governmental organizations를 보면 잘아는 NGOdirlsl 정답이 틀림없다는 것을 확신할 수있다.

 1999년 39번

 다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오

  People are happy with developments in medicine. Then they worry about the increased number of births. Scientists make great advances in agricultural chemistry, greatly increasing our food supply. Then our rivers become so polluted that we cannot even swim in them. We are happy with the developments in air transportation and impressed by the great  airplanes. Then we are frightened by the horrors of air crash or air war. We are excited by the fact that space can now be entered. But we will undoubtedly see the other side there, too.

① 의학 연구의 역사        ② 우주 탐사의 불가피성

③ 최신 무기의 폐해        ④ 기술 개발의 저해 요인

⑤ 과학 발전의 양면성

 이것은 추론적이해에 해당하는 어려운 문제이다.주어는 모두they이니까 문제가 없고 동사부분이 의학의 발달에 대해서 are happy했다가 출산율의 증가에 대해서 worry한다고 했으니 줏대개 없어 보이지만 양면성이라는 선택지가 있으므로 답이 된다

명심할 사항:만약에 처음 두문장에 but,yet,however등 역접이 있으면 재수가 없으니

마지막 두문장을 읽어라.

medicine 약  agricultural 농업의 chemistry 화학  pollute 오염시키다  frighten 겁먹게 하다  horror 공포

 2002년37번-38번

  다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오

37.Poetry moves us to sympathize with the emotions of the poet himself or with those of the persons whom his imagination has created. We witness their struggles, triumphs and failures. We feel their loves and losses, their joys and sorrows, hopes and fears, somewhat as if they were our own. Though we sometimes suffer along with their anxieties and sorrows, we receive a pleasure from the experience. Poetry provides us with what is missing in our own lives―the experience of imaginative pleasure. That is why we appreciate poetry in everyday life.

① 시 감상의 즐거움            ② 시 창작의 요령

③ 시 창작의 중요성            ④ 시적 상상력의 중요성

⑤ 시 습작의 즐거움과 어려움

38. Will cyber schools replace traditional schools some day? In spite of their problems, traditional classrooms hold many advantages over online classes. First of all, traditional classrooms are a place where students may relate to one another face to face. That is, a keyboard will never be able to replace the warmth of a handshake, or a monitor the smile of another student. In traditional schools, students may also take part in team sports, club activities, and school festivals-choices not available to students who learn through computers.

① demand for online classes

② advantages of cyber schools

③ benefits of traditional schools

④ origins of computer use in schools

⑤ limitations of face-to-face interaction

출제예상

다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오-앞의 두문장만 읽고 풀자.

 A new structure began to be built in London in 1863.The government was looking for a way to reduce traffic problems of London by building a new transportation system,the subway.London was crowded and there were lots of problem caused by overpopulation.

The city officials were interested in trying to make it possible for workers to live outside of London and travel easily to work each day.If people had a cheap and convenient way to get to and from work,they would move their homes outside of the city.From these problems,the first subway system was born.

① birth of the subway

② problems of big cities

③ function of the subway

④ problem of overpopulation

⑤ various types of transportation

 유형4.제목 찾기

   해법:첫문장과 마지막문장의 공통점을 찾아라.

  2001년31번

  다음글의 제목으로 가정 적절한 것을 고르시오.

   .

  For their own benefit, companies have various ways of offering lower prices. One way of doing this is a trade discount. It  is offered to the shops or business that buy goods on a large scale and sell them. There is  also a quantity discount, which is offered to individuals who order large quantities of a product. The company gives a price break to these buyers because they help cut the costs of selling, storing, shipping, and billing. Finally, a cash discount is a lower price offered to people who pay in cash.

① Types of Discount Pricing   

② Ways to Improve Products 

③  How to Buy Products in Cash   

④  Locations of Discount Stores

⑤  How to Start a Business

cjtanswkdrhk 마지막문장에 offering lower prices와 a cash discount,그리고 various ways와 Finally를 보니 다 읽어보지않아도 물건을 싸게 제공하는 것이란 추론이 가능하다.게다가 부안해서 둘째문장의 주어를 보니 One way 가 보이니 고민끝.

benefit 이익,혜택    trade discount 동종 업자 할인   on a large scale 대규모로  quantity 양  individual 개인의    storing 저장  shipping 선적,운반    billing 계산서발행   Improve 향상시키다   Location 위치,입지

  1999년41번

  다음글의 제목으로 가정 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  Every form of art is good for everyone. It is felt, enjoyed, and experienced. The appreciation of art results in a happier feeling and deeper understanding of other people and the world. Art enriches our spirit. Reading stories and poetry, for instance, can help us to understand and improve our own situations. In other words, art is a creation that lifts our human spirit. Because of art, our lives are better. The painter, the writer, the musician -- all artists contribute to a better life for everyone.

① Art for a Better Life       ② Reading for Pleasure

③ Difficulty of Literature    ④ Creativity of the Writer

⑤ Effects of Deeper Thought

 주어인 Every form of art와 The painter, the writer, the musician -- all artists그리고,동사구인 is good for everyone,contribute to a better life for everyone을 통해서 예술이 삶의 질을 향상시킨다는 내용임을 추론할 수있지요.

appreciation 감상 enrich 풍요롭게 하다 spirit 정신 contribute 기여[공헌]하다

 2001년30번

 다음글의 제목으로 가정 적절한 것을 고르시오.

 It is surprising how many times our feelings of despair and anger can be eased if we act instead of just thinking  over problems. Play and work are health actions, relieving the tensions produced by our emotional upsets. Play is physically restful and relieves tensions as we share our emotions with others. Work, too, is an effective means of working off anger and using overflowing energy. Sometimes, ideas come as we begin to act. Action relieves tensions and sets us free.

① Result of Emotional Upsets   

② Difference between Anger  and Upsets

③ Sources of Despair and Anger 

④ Positive Effects of Action

⑤  Need for Positive Thinking

첫 문장이 아주 복잡하네요.구조조정에 들어가서  It is surprising은 떼고 몸통만 보면 행동을 하면 절망과 감정이 줄어든다.또 마지막 문장이 행동은 긴장을 줄여서 우리를 자유롭게 해준다.대충 이런 뜻이니까 합해서 요약하면 추론이 가능하지요.

명심할 상항:복잡해서 뭐가 뭔지 모를대는 반복되는 어구를 모으세요.

despair 절망   anger 화,화내다   ease 경감하다, 완화시키다   instead of ~대신에   relieve 안도시키다   tension 긴장  emotional 정서적  upset 엉망, 언짢음    physically 물질적,물리적,육체적으로  restful  휴식의  effective효과적인   overflowing 넘쳐 흐르는   set free 석방하다, 풀어주다     Source 원천   Positive 긍정적인  Effect 효과,영향,결과

 2002년 [33～34] 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

33. Each of us has probably wanted to live another life, even if only for a brief time. It is not a matter of being dissatisfied with our own lives, but it is more a curiosity about the road not traveled. Of course, one way of satisfying this curiosity is through travel. Just as we may dream of being an actor on a stage, travel allows us to experience a different world. Whether we dream of sitting in a cafe in Paris or on the back of an elephant in Southeast Asia, travel gives us the chance to do things we have only imagined.

① Life After Death

② What Is Travel For?

③ Traveling Asian Countries

④ How Can We Travel Safely?

⑤ Tourist Attractions in Europe

34. Ethics begins with our being conscious that we choose how we behave. For instance, we can either tell the truth or tell a lie. These two possibilities are presented to us as options. We are capable of doing either one because we can control our actions, A stone, however, does not face these kinds of options because it cannot distinguish between different courses of action. A stone can behave only in the way an outside force makes it behave. Unlike a stone, a person can start an action by himself or herself. The difference, then, is that a stone is not conscious of possibilities, whereas human beings are conscious that they face genuine alternatives. [2점]

① How to Present Alternatives

② Influences of Outside Forces

③ Differences in Valuable Stones

④ Being Human: Awareness of Choice

⑤ Opposing Forces: Human Beings and Nature

 출제예상

 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.-처음과 끝만 보고 풀자

 The most notorious election in hostory took place in Liberia in 1927.In this election,after all the voting was over,it was announced that President Charles King won the election by a vote of 234,000.The problem with this was that there was only 15,096voters in the country who were legally able to vote at that time.President King won a number of votes 15times greater than the number of people who had the right to vote in the whole country.

① Types of Election

② Methods of Voting

③ An Obvious Illegal Election

④ A Clear Victory in Election

⑤ Election in Under-developed Countries

 유형5.요지 찾기

  해법:마지막 문장을 요약하라.

  2001년46번

 다음글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

    How often are we introduced to someone only to forget his or her manes moments later? In fact, many times we never knew the name. Today introductions are made in an unclear manner so that it is very hard to remember other's names. Forgetting people's names often means we do not really care about them. When we know their names, we are saying, "You are important. I remember you." A clear introduction should be made, therefore, if you want to build good social relationships with others.

① 항상 겸손하자             ② 시간을 잘 지키자  

③  소개를 명확히 하자    ④  기회를 놓치지 말자

⑤ 나쁜 일은 빨리 잊자.

therefore가 숨어있다는 것을 알수있다.그럼 마지막 문장이 결론이니까 앞문장 않봐도 요지이다.문장이 길어서 해석안되는 사람은 선택지를 잘 활용하라.선택지는 우리말로 되어 있잖아요.여기 introduction이 소개라는 것을 모르는 사람은 없지요.

명심할 사항:마지막 문장의should,have to,must뒤에 이어지는 내용에 주의하는 것도 한 방법이다.

only to 단지(결국) ~하다   introduction 소개   in an manner ~방식으로   unclear 애매한, 분명하지 않은    care about 염려하다   therefore 다라서  social relationship 사회적 관계

 2000년45번

 다음글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

  Suppose two friends of mine are sitting in my room. One is 165cm tall and the other is 175cm tall. Which do you think is a man and which is a woman? In the absence of other information, you probably conclude that the shorter one is a woman while the taller one is a man. Where does this conclusion come from? Your experience tells you that men tend to be taller than women. So, From the particular men and women you have known, you draw a conclusion about men and women as a whole. In this way, many of your day-to-day judgments and guesses depend on your experience.

  ① 성격이 자신감을 좌우한다          

 ② 현대에는 남녀 차별이 없다.

 ③ 친구 사이의 우정은 소중하다.  

 ④ 판단은 흔히 경험에 바탕을 둔다.

 ⑤ 대체로 남자가 여자보다 키가 크다

 in this way(이런식으로)라.앞에 무슨 구질 구질한 설명이 있을 것이고 결론은 뒷부분에 있다.그런데 주어와 문장이 너무 긴네.머리는 잘라서 튀기고 꼬리는 곰탕을 만들면

 judgments and guesses depend on your experience밖에 남지 않으니 정답은 추론이 가능하지요.

 1999년30번

  다음글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

  It is so easy to be reactive! You get caught up in the moment. You say things you don't mean. You do things you regret later. And you think, "Oh, if only I had stopped to think about it, I would never have reacted that way!" Clearly, our lives would be better if we acted based on our deepest values instead of reacting to the feelings of the moment. What we all need is a 'pause button' - something that enables us to stop between what happens to us and our response to it.

① 자기 감정을 표현하라.  ② 원대한 목표를 세워라.

③ 순간을 소중히 여겨라.  ④ 매사에 최선을 다하라

⑤ 행동에 앞서 생각하라.

 what all we need.이간 마지막 문장이 결론이라는 것을 암시하는데요.pause button이라.아 게임을 하다가 짬깐 멈출 때 클릭하는 것.왜 하지?그런데 뒤에 stop이라는 단어가 보이므로

그 뒷부분이 뭐인지 해석하고 추론하면 정답 끝.

reactive 반응의  react 반응하다  pause 잠시멈춤

2002년 [45~46] 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

45. Babies experience anxiety when they see strangers. Children aged 2 through 6 show anxiety about things not based in reality such as ghosts. Kids aged 7 through 12 often fear real situations that may happen to them, such as injuries or accidents. As a child grows, fears may disappear. For example, a child who couldn't sleep with the light off at age 5 may enjoy a ghost story years later. And some fears may extend only to one kind, as in the example of the child who wants to pet a lion at the zoo but wouldn't dream of petting the neighbor's dog.

① 두려움은 나이에 따라 변한다.

② 불면증은 불안감에서 생긴다.

③ 정서 불안은 사고의 원인이 된다.

④ 아동기의 경험은 평생 기억에 남는다.

⑤ 공포 영화는 정서적 안정을 방해한다.

46. The post-cold war world is a very different place. Power is moving from Western countries to other areas of the world. Global politics, as a result, has become more complex, involving countries from many civilizations. In this new world, both differences and similarities in culture determine partners and enemies. These factors have caused political and economic differences among countries. Moreover, these differences often cause local conflicts to grow into larger wars. Thus, the most important issue facing these countries is understanding the differences among cultures.

① 탈냉전 시대에는 문화적 차이가 소멸된다.

② 국제 권력이 서양에서 동양으로 이동하고 있다.

③ 국제 정치에서 문화 차이의 이해가 중요하다.

④ 국제 사회에서 국가 간의 분쟁은 필연적이다.

⑤ 문명 간 충돌이 전쟁의 원인이 될 수는 없다.

출제 예상

다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?-마지막 문장만 읽고 풀어보자

Hanshaking customs vary from country to country and sometimes get us in trouble.For example,the French shake hands on entering and leaving a room,while the Germans pump hands one time only.On the other hand,some Africans snap their fingers after each handshakes to signify freedom.If we don`t understand these things beforehand,we might have some unexpected problems.So,whatever the situation,find out the local customs about handshaking for your successful business.

 ① 외국인들과 자주 접촉하라   ② 외국어 학습을 열심히 하자

③ 상대방의 입장을 배려해주자  ④ 다른 나라의 악수 관습을 미리 익혀라

⑤ 외국인에 대한 편견을 버려라

잘나오는 속담

Hunger is the best sauce:배고픔이 최고의 반찬이다.

Ignorance is bliss:모르는 게 약이다.

First come,first served:먼저 오는 자가 먼저 대접 받는다.

 유형6.지칭 추론

   해법:that/it가 있는 문장의 동사+목적어에서 공통점을 찾아라.

   2000년 20번

   다음 글에서 밑줄 친 they가 뜻하는 것은?

  They sometimes They sometimes work for large department stores and draw pictures of the stores' latest fashions. They must picture the dress on the model -- in the mood and setting that will make it seem most attractive. They often work for advertising agencies, where they create striking pictures and tasteful designs. In this way, they will attract public attention and show the product to be advertised in a good light. Newspapers carry many examples of their art. Indeed, instances of it are all around us.

① store clerks        ② art designers        

③ fashion models   ④ newspaper reporters  

⑤ computer programmers

they가 나오는 문장에 등장하는 표현은  work for large department stores , draw pictures of the stores' latest fashions, picture the dress on the model, work for advertising agencies,create striking pictures and tasteful designs등등 귀찮을 정도로 많으니깐 충분한 추론이 가능할 것이다.

 1999년20번

 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 they가 뜻하는 것은?

 They prepare their ship with water, food and equipment. Then they set out to sea and travel to the right area. They start work with their underwater metal detectors in the areas marked on the old maps they have. Sometimes they can spend days without locating the wreck, a sunken ship. Then one day they suddenly see something on the metal detector's screen: the wreck! Immediately they stop the boat and go down to look at the wreck. Sometimes they find old boxes full of gold coins or silver cups or jewelry.

① 선박 수리공     ② 귀금속 상인    ③ 지질 조사단 

④ 보물선 탐사대  ⑤ 해난 구조대

equipment 장비  set out 출발하다  detector 탐지기 locate 찾아내다  sunken 가라앉은 wreck 난파선  jewelry 보석류

 they 가 나오는 prepare their ship with water, food and equipment,work with their underwater metal detectors in the areas marked on the old maps they have,go down to look at the wreck,find old boxes full of gold coins or silver cups or jewelry을 종합하면 답이 나오겠지요.

명심할 사항:지시어구가 있는 문장의 반복되는 표현을 찾자.

 2001년21번

 다음 글에서 밑줄친 something이 뜻하는 것은?

 According to legend, a storm hit a large tree in northwestern English in the mid-1500s, and a mysterious black substance was discovered among its roots. The shepherds who found the substance were curious about it softness. It did not feel like stone, clay, or dirt. They thought it was a type of lead, and so did others. They were very pleased to see that it made a dark and dry line where it was rubbed over paper. The problems related with wet ink could now be avoided, and the need for something better was finally answered.

① 그림 물감     ② 장난감   ③ 장식품   ④ 공책    ⑤ 필기구

이 문제는 they나 it으로 시작 않하는 변종이다.마지막 자체 문장을 가지고 추론하면 정답은 여기에 있다.젖은 잉크 때문에 생긴 문제를 피할 수 있었다.그래서 좀 더 나은 **에 대한 욕구가 마침내 해결되었다.**은 무엇인가?잉크와 같은 필기구지요.다시 한번 검토 하면 잉크보다 더 나은**를 원했고 그것이 해결된 거니까 **에 들어갈 말은 필기구이지 않습니까.

 According to ~에 따르면   legend 전설   storm 폭풍우   mysterious 신기한, 미스테리한   substance 물질 shepherd 목동    curious 호기심 많은, 신기해 하는   softness 부드러움    clay 찰흙   dirt 더러운 것 lead 납, 연    rub 문지르다  (be) related with  ~과 관계 있는   wet 젖은, 축축한   avoid 피하다

 2002년18-19번

18. 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 they가 가리키는 것은?

  When they appeared for the first time in the nineteenth century, they were blank. Soon, pictures were added. They had room for only the briefest of messages―words had to be written on the same side as the picture, leaving the back for an address and a stamp. Later, however, restrictions were lifted. The back was divided to contain room enough for a message, an address, and a stamp. This meant the publishers were free to explore a wide range of subjects. As a result, one of the first popular hobbies of the twentieth century was born.

① 전보                   ② 동화책

③ 편지 봉투            ④ 화보집

⑤ 그림 엽서

19. 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 anything이 가리키는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? [2점]

  If you suffer from long-lasting aches and pains in your lower back, it may be small comfort to know you are not alone. More than two-thirds of all adults experience lower-back pain at some time during their lives. In fact, it is second only to the common cold as a cause of lost workdays among those under age 45. The good news is that most cases are not serious and can be easily treated with medicine. But for some people, the condition lasts longer, forcing them to try anything.

① 치료 방법             ② 구조 수난

③ 감기 예방 조치        ④ 건강 보험 대책

⑤ 의료 사고 예방

 출제예상

 다음 글에서 밑줄친 they가 뜻하는 것은?-지시어구가 있는 문장만 읽고 풀어보자.

 They drive state-owned  cars up and down the highways.the cars they drive usually have a flashing light.Their job and responsibility is to make the highways safer.they also provide help for travelers who are having problems or emergencies.Issuing tickets is sometimes thought to be their most important part of their jobs.So,drivers who have the habit of breaking the speed limit usually don`t like them.

① 트럭기사             ② 소방수

③ 교통경찰              ④ 인명구조원

⑤ 환경미화원

1유형.빈칸이 뒤에 있는 빈칸 추론

 해법:빈칸과 동일한 문장성분을 앞문장에서 찾아라.

  2001년27번.

  다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

A child will often ask for approval openly. "Look at my painting! Isn't it pretty?" But adults are generally less honest about their need for support. A grown-up who tried his or her best at something isn't like to ask, "Didn't I do a good job!" But the adult needs to hear it all the same. In other words, children and adults alike want to hear positive remarks. Therefore, don't forget to(          )  when they need support.

 ① send doctors      ② praise others  

 ③ draw paintings     ④ keep promises

 ⑤ blame them

therefore를 보니 이 문장은 결론이고,빈칸은 ~하는 것을 하지 말라는 얘기니까 목적어이다.그러면 앞문장에서 목적어를 찾아 보자.어른과 애들은 모두 긍정적인 말을 듣기를 원한다니까 목적어는 긍정적인 말,즉 칭찬으로 추론할 수있다.

명심할 사항:마지막 문장은 결론,요약이다.therefore,so,thus,in conclusion등이 있는 지를 살펴서 확인하도록 하라.

approval 승인  openly 공개적으로   positive 긍정적인   remark 논평  support 지원  praise 칭찬하다  blame  비난하다

 2000년 26번

  다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Buy Nothing Day is an international day for buying nothing at all. It asks us to think about what we buy and whether buying more actually increases our quality of life. Every product we buy has an effect on the environment. Even before we spend our money, making, advertising, and packaging what we buy can cost a lot in pure water, air, and soil. In short, our(              )can have considerable effects on the environment.

① raw materials                           ② quality control       

③ shopping habits                       ④ advertising media   

⑤ international business

일단 빈칸의 문장성분을 밝히는 것이 먼저입니다.주어 자리에 빈칸이 있으니,이제 앞 문장의 주어만 찾으면 됩니다.주어가 making, advertising, and packaging what we buy 니까 답이

shopping habits라고 추론할 수있죠.

명심할 사항:이런 유형에서 마지막 문장은 무조건 결론 아니면 요약이다.

 1999년 27번

   다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

The Ashanti people in Africa name their children according to the day of the week on which they are born. They believe that Monday boys are quiet and well-behaved. But Wednesday boys are said to easily get angry and upset. A recent report on the behavior of Ashanti children shows that it true. Monday boys are less frequently fighting than chance would have it, while Wednesday boy are more likely to quarrel. This finding suggests that names can have a powerful effect upon                      (             ) .

① weekly report    ② personal behavior    

③ nation pride      ④ local economy   

⑤ physical appearance

 이 문제는 이름이 무엇에 영향을끼치는 지 찾는 것인데 빈칸이 목적어이므로,앞 문장에서 목적어를 찾아야 하는데 목적어가 없다.그러면 대체수단으로 보어를 찾으면 앞 문장의 보어인 less frequently fighting과 more likely to quarrel과 의미가 가장 가까운 것으로 답을 하면 된다.월요일과 수요일에 태어난 아이들의 행동차이를 말했는데 갑자기 이름이 행동에 영향을 끼친다고 하니 이상하지 않습니까?태어난 요일이 아니고 웬이름?이렇게 확신이 않설땐 첫 문장을 읽어 보세요.

well-behaved 품행 바른  upset 열받은, 당혹해하는  behavior 행위  physical 물리적[육체적,물질적]인  appearance 인상,출현

  2002년25번

    다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  People all around the world spend an average of 1.1 hours on the road each day. Thousands of people are killed, and hundreds of thousands injured each day in car accidents. We are pumping huge quantities of CO₂ into the atmosphere, almost one-third of which comes from cars. We know that this gas causes a greenhouse effect. Our roads are crowded no matter how many we build, and building them destroys nature. Huge amounts of space arc given over to parking lots rather than to trees and birds. Thus, we know of many ways in which car use is __________.

① expensive but helpful         ② expensive but unavoidable

③ limited but effective         ④ cheap and convenient

⑤ costly and harmful

출제예상

 다음 글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.-빈칸 앞문장만 일고 풀어보라.

 Parents begin to teach their children gender roles very early in life.In an experiment

 mothers were given a chance to hand a toy fish, a doll,or a toy train to a six-month-old infant. It was found that they more often handed the doll to the female

 and the train to the male infant.This means that the reaction of a mother differs according to the sex of the infant.Thus,we can conclude that grown-up people in our society show(       )to boys and girls.

① same interest          ② clear answers

③ clever questions      ④ different response

⑤ complete indifference

참고:결론을 유도하는 연결사

thus따라서  hence그러므로  accordingly따라서  in conclusion결론적으로  in short간단히 말하면  on the whole전체적으로  consequently결과적으로  in consequence결과적으로

in summary요약하면  finally마침내  in brief짧게말하면  in a word한마디로 말해

as a result결국  therefore그러므로  to sum up요약하면  lastly결국엔  briefly간단히말하면  to conclude결론적으로

2유형.빈칸이 중간에 있는 빈칸추론

 해법:앞문장에서 힌트를 얻고 뒤문장에서 확인하라.

  2001년25번

  다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  .

   An old Greek myth tells the story of a farmer. The farmer sowed seeds and reaped what he sowed. But he was not content with his own crops, and he stole crops from nearby farmers. The Greek god, Zeus, was very angry at this. So he turned the farmer into an ant. However, the farmer's character(                  ). Like the farmer, the ant still went from field to field, storing up food for itself.

①  improved greatly       ②  become more honestly 

③ remained the same    ④  made the and angry

⑤  was fit for farming

앞문장을 보면 제우스신이 농부를 개미로 변하게 했다고 했는데 however가 있으니까 앞문장과 반대되는 얘기가 나와야한다는 것은 추론이 가능하다.그러니 농부의 특성은 변화가 없었다외에는 답이 될만한 것이 없다.좀더 확실하게 하기 위해서 문장 Like the farmer, the ant still went from field to field, storing up food for itself를 보면 정답이 정확하다는 것을 알수 있다.

Greek myth 그리스 신화     sow 뿌리다   seed 씨    reap 수확하다    be content with ~에 만족하다    crops  농작물    turn A  into  B  A를 B로 변화시키다    ant 개미    character 성격   store up 저정하다       improve 향상시키다      honestly 정직하게    be fit for ~에 적합하다

 2000년28번

 다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  Nawal was a joy to her mother, but also a terrible heartache. Her mom knew that she was so ill that she would die soon without expensive treatment. And Nawal's mom had no money.One evening,Nawal`s teacher came."Do your homework,Nawal,"the teacher said."You`ll be back in school soon."Nawal`s mom looked at him (                  ). "A friend of mine wrote an article about Nawal," explained the teacher. "One of his readers, doctor, has offered to treat her for free."

 Nawal's smile was so wide that it spread across all three faces.

 ① on time        ② in wonder     ③ out of fear  

 ④ for nothing   ⑤ with hunger

여기에는 연결어가 없지요.이런경우는 대개 사건을 시간순서대로 서술한 글이기 때문에 상황을 파악하는 것이 중요하다.앞부분을 보면 딸이 아파도 돈이 없어 수술을 못하고 있는 형편인데 선생님이 학교에 곧 나오게 될 거라고 말하고 있다.이런 상황이라면 엄마가 어떻게

쳐다본 걸까? 놀라서 쳐다 보았을 것이다.놀라서 쳐다 보니까 뒤 문장에서 바로 선생님이 이유를 설명해 주시고 있다.

 1999년28번

 다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  To keep a pleasant environment, employers cannot allow certain kinds of behaviors such as arriving late or bothering others. These behaviors may weaken the group work environment and decrease productivity. So employers always (           )  when they judge a worker's performance. They look for employees who support each other, take pride in their work, and encourage a pleasant working environment. Respect, good manners, and thoughtful behaviors are keys to successful teamwork. In fact, working well with others is one of the most important job skills.

① refuse offers     ② finish work      

③ value honesty    ④ consider teamwork 

⑤ recognize importance

 so(그래서)를 보면 빈칸이 있는 문장과 앞문장이 근거-결론이라는 것을 알 수 있고 함께 일하는 분위기와 생산성을 약화시키는 것을 방지할 수 있는 방법을 찾는 것이 고용주들이 취할 행동이라는 것은 쉽게 추론할 수있다.그리고 이어지는 문장에서 support each other, take pride in their work, and encourage a pleasant working environment를 보면 정답이 teamwork과 관련돼 있다는 것을 확신할 수있다.

employ 고용하다  bother 귀찮게[짜증나게]하다 weaken 약화시키다  decrease 감소시키다  productivity 생산성  performance 수행,공연  take pride in 자부심을 느끼다 encourage 격려하다, 용기를 북돋다

 2002년27번

 다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  An eighteenth-century scholar said, "Water, which is essential for life, costs nothing. On the other hand, diamonds, which are essential for nothing, cost a lot." Unfortunately, the world has changed considerably since that remark was made. What was true over two hundred years ago is certainly no longer the case. What is still true, however, is a writer's comment, "__________" That is, we ignore it when we have it―unless we have too much of it, of course. Once there is a threat to its supply, however, water can quickly become the only thing that matters. We know only too well that, without it, there can be no life.

① Still waters run deep.

② It never rains but it pours.

③ It's the nature of water to run downhill..

④ Water is best but diamonds shine like stars.

⑤ When the well's dry, we know the worth of water.

출제예상

 다음글을 읽고 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.-빈칸 앞뒤문장만 읽고 풀어보자.

 The tomato is very popular in America today.But it didn`t become a popular food until just about a century ago.In those days,people believed that a raw tomato was poisonous.So people were afraid to eat tomatoes until 1830,when Robert Johnson dared eat an uncooked tomato in front of many people.People,watching this,expected Johnson(        ).When he didn`t,people realized that the tomato was harmless,and it became popular in the country.

① to be punished    ② to be famous     

③ to look healthy   ④ to die immediately 

⑤ to make much money

구조파악에 도움이 되는 연결사

 because왜냐하면  so that을 위해  owing to 때문에  for the purpose of할목적으로

 by reason of라는 이유로   so as to을 위해  similarly마찬가지로  in contrast반대로

 alike똑같이  unlike와 달리  likewise비슷하게  while반면에  in other words다시말해서

 in addition또한  namely즉  besides게다가  that is즉  moreover더욱이

 유형3.주제찾기

  해법:처음 두문장의 주어+동사의 내용을 하나로 묶어라.

  2001년41번

 다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  It would be costly not to use language properly. Your language influences others, and their reactions to you may be determined by it. For example, your language use affects your teachers' attitudes toward you. I affects your parents' responses to your requests. It also affect your friends' understanding of you and their feelings toward you. It may even determine your ability to get a particular job or move to a higher position in your workplace.

 ① means of mass communication      

 ② how to become a teacher

 ③ the importance of language use  

 ④ understanding one's own feelings

 ⑤ the theory of language development

 주제란 `화제+필자의 주장하는바`라 할수있다.화제는 주어에 주장하는 바는 동사에 나타나

주어인 not to use your language,your language를 보면 이 글이 언어에 대한 글이고

 would be costly와 influences others등을 보면 언어를 사용하는 것이 중요하다고 추정할 수있다.그래도 혹시 시간이 남으면 주어만 찾아서 추적해 보면 정답에 대한 확신이 더 생길 것이다.

costly 값비싼    properly 적절히  influence 영향, 영향을 미치다  reaction 반응  determine 결정하다, 결론 짖다  affect 영향을 미치다  attitude 자세, 관점  response  대답, 반응

 2000년35번

 다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오

 Social change for the better happens when groups of citizens try to bring it about. Today, such groups can take on many tasks once performed by governments. These so-called non-governmental organizations deliver social services. They are active in various areas from law to medicine. They watch and influence what governments do at home or abroad. What is more, they often work better than governments. This is because they are able to use people from all walks of life.

  ① 민간 기업의 합병                       ② 민․관 협력 방안        

 ③ 정부의 개혁 의지                       ④ 비정부 기구의 역할   

 ⑤ 정부의 구조와 기능

  처음 두문장의 주어는 Social change for the better,groups of citizens,such groups이고 try to bring it about,take on many tasks once performed by governments등을 요약하면 시민단체가 어떤 역할을 한다고 추론할 수있고 가장가까운 답을 찾을 수있고 셋째문장의 주어인 These so-called non-governmental organizations를 보면 잘아는 NGOdirlsl 정답이 틀림없다는 것을 확신할 수있다.

 1999년 39번

 다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오

  People are happy with developments in medicine. Then they worry about the increased number of births. Scientists make great advances in agricultural chemistry, greatly increasing our food supply. Then our rivers become so polluted that we cannot even swim in them. We are happy with the developments in air transportation and impressed by the great  airplanes. Then we are frightened by the horrors of air crash or air war. We are excited by the fact that space can now be entered. But we will undoubtedly see the other side there, too.

① 의학 연구의 역사        ② 우주 탐사의 불가피성

③ 최신 무기의 폐해        ④ 기술 개발의 저해 요인

⑤ 과학 발전의 양면성

 이것은 추론적이해에 해당하는 어려운 문제이다.주어는 모두they이니까 문제가 없고 동사부분이 의학의 발달에 대해서 are happy했다가 출산율의 증가에 대해서 worry한다고 했으니 줏대개 없어 보이지만 양면성이라는 선택지가 있으므로 답이 된다

명심할 사항:만약에 처음 두문장에 but,yet,however등 역접이 있으면 재수가 없으니

마지막 두문장을 읽어라.

medicine 약  agricultural 농업의 chemistry 화학  pollute 오염시키다  frighten 겁먹게 하다  horror 공포

 2002년37번-38번

  다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오

37.Poetry moves us to sympathize with the emotions of the poet himself or with those of the persons whom his imagination has created. We witness their struggles, triumphs and failures. We feel their loves and losses, their joys and sorrows, hopes and fears, somewhat as if they were our own. Though we sometimes suffer along with their anxieties and sorrows, we receive a pleasure from the experience. Poetry provides us with what is missing in our own lives―the experience of imaginative pleasure. That is why we appreciate poetry in everyday life.

① 시 감상의 즐거움            ② 시 창작의 요령

③ 시 창작의 중요성            ④ 시적 상상력의 중요성

⑤ 시 습작의 즐거움과 어려움

38. Will cyber schools replace traditional schools some day? In spite of their problems, traditional classrooms hold many advantages over online classes. First of all, traditional classrooms are a place where students may relate to one another face to face. That is, a keyboard will never be able to replace the warmth of a handshake, or a monitor the smile of another student. In traditional schools, students may also take part in team sports, club activities, and school festivals-choices not available to students who learn through computers.

① demand for online classes

② advantages of cyber schools

③ benefits of traditional schools

④ origins of computer use in schools

⑤ limitations of face-to-face interaction

출제예상

다음글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오-앞의 두문장만 읽고 풀자.

 A new structure began to be built in London in 1863.The government was looking for a way to reduce traffic problems of London by building a new transportation system,the subway.London was crowded and there were lots of problem caused by overpopulation.

The city officials were interested in trying to make it possible for workers to live outside of London and travel easily to work each day.If people had a cheap and convenient way to get to and from work,they would move their homes outside of the city.From these problems,the first subway system was born.

① birth of the subway

② problems of big cities

③ function of the subway

④ problem of overpopulation

⑤ various types of transportation

 유형4.제목 찾기

   해법:첫문장과 마지막문장의 공통점을 찾아라.

  2001년31번

  다음글의 제목으로 가정 적절한 것을 고르시오.

   .

  For their own benefit, companies have various ways of offering lower prices. One way of doing this is a trade discount. It  is offered to the shops or business that buy goods on a large scale and sell them. There is  also a quantity discount, which is offered to individuals who order large quantities of a product. The company gives a price break to these buyers because they help cut the costs of selling, storing, shipping, and billing. Finally, a cash discount is a lower price offered to people who pay in cash.

① Types of Discount Pricing   

② Ways to Improve Products 

③  How to Buy Products in Cash   

④  Locations of Discount Stores

⑤  How to Start a Business

cjtanswkdrhk 마지막문장에 offering lower prices와 a cash discount,그리고 various ways와 Finally를 보니 다 읽어보지않아도 물건을 싸게 제공하는 것이란 추론이 가능하다.게다가 부안해서 둘째문장의 주어를 보니 One way 가 보이니 고민끝.

benefit 이익,혜택    trade discount 동종 업자 할인   on a large scale 대규모로  quantity 양  individual 개인의    storing 저장  shipping 선적,운반    billing 계산서발행   Improve 향상시키다   Location 위치,입지

  1999년41번

  다음글의 제목으로 가정 적절한 것을 고르시오.

  Every form of art is good for everyone. It is felt, enjoyed, and experienced. The appreciation of art results in a happier feeling and deeper understanding of other people and the world. Art enriches our spirit. Reading stories and poetry, for instance, can help us to understand and improve our own situations. In other words, art is a creation that lifts our human spirit. Because of art, our lives are better. The painter, the writer, the musician -- all artists contribute to a better life for everyone.

① Art for a Better Life       ② Reading for Pleasure

③ Difficulty of Literature    ④ Creativity of the Writer

⑤ Effects of Deeper Thought

 주어인 Every form of art와 The painter, the writer, the musician -- all artists그리고,동사구인 is good for everyone,contribute to a better life for everyone을 통해서 예술이 삶의 질을 향상시킨다는 내용임을 추론할 수있지요.

appreciation 감상 enrich 풍요롭게 하다 spirit 정신 contribute 기여[공헌]하다

 2001년30번

 다음글의 제목으로 가정 적절한 것을 고르시오.

 It is surprising how many times our feelings of despair and anger can be eased if we act instead of just thinking  over problems. Play and work are health actions, relieving the tensions produced by our emotional upsets. Play is physically restful and relieves tensions as we share our emotions with others. Work, too, is an effective means of working off anger and using overflowing energy. Sometimes, ideas come as we begin to act. Action relieves tensions and sets us free.

① Result of Emotional Upsets   

② Difference between Anger  and Upsets

③ Sources of Despair and Anger 

④ Positive Effects of Action

⑤  Need for Positive Thinking

첫 문장이 아주 복잡하네요.구조조정에 들어가서  It is surprising은 떼고 몸통만 보면 행동을 하면 절망과 감정이 줄어든다.또 마지막 문장이 행동은 긴장을 줄여서 우리를 자유롭게 해준다.대충 이런 뜻이니까 합해서 요약하면 추론이 가능하지요.

명심할 상항:복잡해서 뭐가 뭔지 모를대는 반복되는 어구를 모으세요.

despair 절망   anger 화,화내다   ease 경감하다, 완화시키다   instead of ~대신에   relieve 안도시키다   tension 긴장  emotional 정서적  upset 엉망, 언짢음    physically 물질적,물리적,육체적으로  restful  휴식의  effective효과적인   overflowing 넘쳐 흐르는   set free 석방하다, 풀어주다     Source 원천   Positive 긍정적인  Effect 효과,영향,결과

 2002년 [33～34] 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

33. Each of us has probably wanted to live another life, even if only for a brief time. It is not a matter of being dissatisfied with our own lives, but it is more a curiosity about the road not traveled. Of course, one way of satisfying this curiosity is through travel. Just as we may dream of being an actor on a stage, travel allows us to experience a different world. Whether we dream of sitting in a cafe in Paris or on the back of an elephant in Southeast Asia, travel gives us the chance to do things we have only imagined.

① Life After Death

② What Is Travel For?

③ Traveling Asian Countries

④ How Can We Travel Safely?

⑤ Tourist Attractions in Europe

34. Ethics begins with our being conscious that we choose how we behave. For instance, we can either tell the truth or tell a lie. These two possibilities are presented to us as options. We are capable of doing either one because we can control our actions, A stone, however, does not face these kinds of options because it cannot distinguish between different courses of action. A stone can behave only in the way an outside force makes it behave. Unlike a stone, a person can start an action by himself or herself. The difference, then, is that a stone is not conscious of possibilities, whereas human beings are conscious that they face genuine alternatives. [2점]

① How to Present Alternatives

② Influences of Outside Forces

③ Differences in Valuable Stones

④ Being Human: Awareness of Choice

⑤ Opposing Forces: Human Beings and Nature

 출제예상

 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.-처음과 끝만 보고 풀자

 The most notorious election in hostory took place in Liberia in 1927.In this election,after all the voting was over,it was announced that President Charles King won the election by a vote of 234,000.The problem with this was that there was only 15,096voters in the country who were legally able to vote at that time.President King won a number of votes 15times greater than the number of people who had the right to vote in the whole country.

① Types of Election

② Methods of Voting

③ An Obvious Illegal Election

④ A Clear Victory in Election

⑤ Election in Under-developed Countries

 유형5.요지 찾기

  해법:마지막 문장을 요약하라.

  2001년46번

 다음글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

    How often are we introduced to someone only to forget his or her manes moments later? In fact, many times we never knew the name. Today introductions are made in an unclear manner so that it is very hard to remember other's names. Forgetting people's names often means we do not really care about them. When we know their names, we are saying, "You are important. I remember you." A clear introduction should be made, therefore, if you want to build good social relationships with others.

① 항상 겸손하자             ② 시간을 잘 지키자  

③  소개를 명확히 하자    ④  기회를 놓치지 말자

⑤ 나쁜 일은 빨리 잊자.

therefore가 숨어있다는 것을 알수있다.그럼 마지막 문장이 결론이니까 앞문장 않봐도 요지이다.문장이 길어서 해석안되는 사람은 선택지를 잘 활용하라.선택지는 우리말로 되어 있잖아요.여기 introduction이 소개라는 것을 모르는 사람은 없지요.

명심할 사항:마지막 문장의should,have to,must뒤에 이어지는 내용에 주의하는 것도 한 방법이다.

only to 단지(결국) ~하다   introduction 소개   in an manner ~방식으로   unclear 애매한, 분명하지 않은    care about 염려하다   therefore 다라서  social relationship 사회적 관계

 2000년45번

 다음글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

  Suppose two friends of mine are sitting in my room. One is 165cm tall and the other is 175cm tall. Which do you think is a man and which is a woman? In the absence of other information, you probably conclude that the shorter one is a woman while the taller one is a man. Where does this conclusion come from? Your experience tells you that men tend to be taller than women. So, From the particular men and women you have known, you draw a conclusion about men and women as a whole. In this way, many of your day-to-day judgments and guesses depend on your experience.

  ① 성격이 자신감을 좌우한다          

 ② 현대에는 남녀 차별이 없다.

 ③ 친구 사이의 우정은 소중하다.  

 ④ 판단은 흔히 경험에 바탕을 둔다.

 ⑤ 대체로 남자가 여자보다 키가 크다

 in this way(이런식으로)라.앞에 무슨 구질 구질한 설명이 있을 것이고 결론은 뒷부분에 있다.그런데 주어와 문장이 너무 긴네.머리는 잘라서 튀기고 꼬리는 곰탕을 만들면

 judgments and guesses depend on your experience밖에 남지 않으니 정답은 추론이 가능하지요.

 1999년30번

  다음글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

  It is so easy to be reactive! You get caught up in the moment. You say things you don't mean. You do things you regret later. And you think, "Oh, if only I had stopped to think about it, I would never have reacted that way!" Clearly, our lives would be better if we acted based on our deepest values instead of reacting to the feelings of the moment. What we all need is a 'pause button' - something that enables us to stop between what happens to us and our response to it.

① 자기 감정을 표현하라.  ② 원대한 목표를 세워라.

③ 순간을 소중히 여겨라.  ④ 매사에 최선을 다하라

⑤ 행동에 앞서 생각하라.

 what all we need.이간 마지막 문장이 결론이라는 것을 암시하는데요.pause button이라.아 게임을 하다가 짬깐 멈출 때 클릭하는 것.왜 하지?그런데 뒤에 stop이라는 단어가 보이므로

그 뒷부분이 뭐인지 해석하고 추론하면 정답 끝.

reactive 반응의  react 반응하다  pause 잠시멈춤

2002년 [45~46] 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

45. Babies experience anxiety when they see strangers. Children aged 2 through 6 show anxiety about things not based in reality such as ghosts. Kids aged 7 through 12 often fear real situations that may happen to them, such as injuries or accidents. As a child grows, fears may disappear. For example, a child who couldn't sleep with the light off at age 5 may enjoy a ghost story years later. And some fears may extend only to one kind, as in the example of the child who wants to pet a lion at the zoo but wouldn't dream of petting the neighbor's dog.

① 두려움은 나이에 따라 변한다.

② 불면증은 불안감에서 생긴다.

③ 정서 불안은 사고의 원인이 된다.

④ 아동기의 경험은 평생 기억에 남는다.

⑤ 공포 영화는 정서적 안정을 방해한다.

46. The post-cold war world is a very different place. Power is moving from Western countries to other areas of the world. Global politics, as a result, has become more complex, involving countries from many civilizations. In this new world, both differences and similarities in culture determine partners and enemies. These factors have caused political and economic differences among countries. Moreover, these differences often cause local conflicts to grow into larger wars. Thus, the most important issue facing these countries is understanding the differences among cultures.

① 탈냉전 시대에는 문화적 차이가 소멸된다.

② 국제 권력이 서양에서 동양으로 이동하고 있다.

③ 국제 정치에서 문화 차이의 이해가 중요하다.

④ 국제 사회에서 국가 간의 분쟁은 필연적이다.

⑤ 문명 간 충돌이 전쟁의 원인이 될 수는 없다.

출제 예상

다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?-마지막 문장만 읽고 풀어보자

Hanshaking customs vary from country to country and sometimes get us in trouble.For example,the French shake hands on entering and leaving a room,while the Germans pump hands one time only.On the other hand,some Africans snap their fingers after each handshakes to signify freedom.If we don`t understand these things beforehand,we might have some unexpected problems.So,whatever the situation,find out the local customs about handshaking for your successful business.

 ① 외국인들과 자주 접촉하라   ② 외국어 학습을 열심히 하자

③ 상대방의 입장을 배려해주자  ④ 다른 나라의 악수 관습을 미리 익혀라

⑤ 외국인에 대한 편견을 버려라

잘나오는 속담

Hunger is the best sauce:배고픔이 최고의 반찬이다.

Ignorance is bliss:모르는 게 약이다.

First come,first served:먼저 오는 자가 먼저 대접 받는다.

 유형6.지칭 추론

   해법:that/it가 있는 문장의 동사+목적어에서 공통점을 찾아라.

   2000년 20번

   다음 글에서 밑줄 친 they가 뜻하는 것은?

  They sometimes They sometimes work for large department stores and draw pictures of the stores' latest fashions. They must picture the dress on the model -- in the mood and setting that will make it seem most attractive. They often work for advertising agencies, where they create striking pictures and tasteful designs. In this way, they will attract public attention and show the product to be advertised in a good light. Newspapers carry many examples of their art. Indeed, instances of it are all around us.

① store clerks        ② art designers        

③ fashion models   ④ newspaper reporters  

⑤ computer programmers

they가 나오는 문장에 등장하는 표현은  work for large department stores , draw pictures of the stores' latest fashions, picture the dress on the model, work for advertising agencies,create striking pictures and tasteful designs등등 귀찮을 정도로 많으니깐 충분한 추론이 가능할 것이다.

 1999년20번

 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 they가 뜻하는 것은?

 They prepare their ship with water, food and equipment. Then they set out to sea and travel to the right area. They start work with their underwater metal detectors in the areas marked on the old maps they have. Sometimes they can spend days without locating the wreck, a sunken ship. Then one day they suddenly see something on the metal detector's screen: the wreck! Immediately they stop the boat and go down to look at the wreck. Sometimes they find old boxes full of gold coins or silver cups or jewelry.

① 선박 수리공     ② 귀금속 상인    ③ 지질 조사단 

④ 보물선 탐사대  ⑤ 해난 구조대

equipment 장비  set out 출발하다  detector 탐지기 locate 찾아내다  sunken 가라앉은 wreck 난파선  jewelry 보석류

 they 가 나오는 prepare their ship with water, food and equipment,work with their underwater metal detectors in the areas marked on the old maps they have,go down to look at the wreck,find old boxes full of gold coins or silver cups or jewelry을 종합하면 답이 나오겠지요.

명심할 사항:지시어구가 있는 문장의 반복되는 표현을 찾자.

 2001년21번

 다음 글에서 밑줄친 something이 뜻하는 것은?

 According to legend, a storm hit a large tree in northwestern English in the mid-1500s, and a mysterious black substance was discovered among its roots. The shepherds who found the substance were curious about it softness. It did not feel like stone, clay, or dirt. They thought it was a type of lead, and so did others. They were very pleased to see that it made a dark and dry line where it was rubbed over paper. The problems related with wet ink could now be avoided, and the need for something better was finally answered.

① 그림 물감     ② 장난감   ③ 장식품   ④ 공책    ⑤ 필기구

이 문제는 they나 it으로 시작 않하는 변종이다.마지막 자체 문장을 가지고 추론하면 정답은 여기에 있다.젖은 잉크 때문에 생긴 문제를 피할 수 있었다.그래서 좀 더 나은 **에 대한 욕구가 마침내 해결되었다.**은 무엇인가?잉크와 같은 필기구지요.다시 한번 검토 하면 잉크보다 더 나은**를 원했고 그것이 해결된 거니까 **에 들어갈 말은 필기구이지 않습니까.

 According to ~에 따르면   legend 전설   storm 폭풍우   mysterious 신기한, 미스테리한   substance 물질 shepherd 목동    curious 호기심 많은, 신기해 하는   softness 부드러움    clay 찰흙   dirt 더러운 것 lead 납, 연    rub 문지르다  (be) related with  ~과 관계 있는   wet 젖은, 축축한   avoid 피하다

 2002년18-19번

18. 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 they가 가리키는 것은?

  When they appeared for the first time in the nineteenth century, they were blank. Soon, pictures were added. They had room for only the briefest of messages―words had to be written on the same side as the picture, leaving the back for an address and a stamp. Later, however, restrictions were lifted. The back was divided to contain room enough for a message, an address, and a stamp. This meant the publishers were free to explore a wide range of subjects. As a result, one of the first popular hobbies of the twentieth century was born.

① 전보                   ② 동화책

③ 편지 봉투            ④ 화보집

⑤ 그림 엽서

19. 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 anything이 가리키는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? [2점]

  If you suffer from long-lasting aches and pains in your lower back, it may be small comfort to know you are not alone. More than two-thirds of all adults experience lower-back pain at some time during their lives. In fact, it is second only to the common cold as a cause of lost workdays among those under age 45. The good news is that most cases are not serious and can be easily treated with medicine. But for some people, the condition lasts longer, forcing them to try anything.

① 치료 방법             ② 구조 수난

③ 감기 예방 조치        ④ 건강 보험 대책

⑤ 의료 사고 예방

 출제예상

 다음 글에서 밑줄친 they가 뜻하는 것은?-지시어구가 있는 문장만 읽고 풀어보자.

 They drive state-owned  cars up and down the highways.the cars they drive usually have a flashing light.Their job and responsibility is to make the highways safer.they also provide help for travelers who are having problems or emergencies.Issuing tickets is sometimes thought to be their most important part of their jobs.So,drivers who have the habit of breaking the speed limit usually don`t like them.

① 트럭기사             ② 소방수

③ 교통경찰              ④ 인명구조원

⑤ 환경미화원