영어 july 7월의 어원,七 칠 발음의 어원과 투르크계언어들

[나비우스]

영어 july 7월 七

어근 jul은 칠 7이다.

쥘-->줄

카자흐어 7월

шілде 쉴데 

쉴 은 7 칠의 변음이다.

7을 жеті 줴띠

ㅌ-->ㅊ-->ㅈ

ㅌ-->ㄷ-->ㄹ

우리말 받침 ㄹ은 ㅌ에서 변해온다.

나라별로 칠을 삿 칫 쳇 치 시찌 옛 젯 등 다양하게 발음한다.

힌디어

सप्त [sapt]  

형용사 일곱의.

सात/वाँ [sa:twā:]  

형용사 일곱번째의

몽골어

долоо 덜러 탈라-->달라-->잘라 cut 

일곱, 7

째다 기본형의 활용 쨀 -->어원

tr-은 ㅉ

trep 쩨뿌-->째버려의 경상도사투리 혹은 쳐뿌-->쳐버려(hit)의 경상도사투리

drep는 약화된 발음 

Proto-IE: *trep-

Meaning: to scutch, to shake, to trample down

Tokharian: A trap-, B trāpp- (PT *trāpw-) 'trip, stumble' (Adams 313)

Old Indian: tr̥prá-, tr̥pála- `hasty'

Old Greek: trapéō `keltere'; a-trapó-s, ep. a-tarpó-s `Pfad, Fusssteig'

Slavic: *trepātī, *trepljǭ, *trepetъ, *tropotъ, *tropā́

Baltic: *trep-s-ē̂- vb., *trep-en̂- vb.

Germanic: *ɵrab-ō- vb., *ɵra[b]=

Latin: trepidus, -a `trippelnd, teils aus Eilfertigkeit, teils aus Furcht: hastig, unruhig, än gstlich, besorgt; beunruhigend, verwirrend'; trepidāre `ängstlich hin und herlaufen; zagen, bangen; u nschlüssigen sein'

Russ. meaning: трепать, трясти, топтать

References: WP I 756

Proto-IE: *drep-

Meaning: to cut, to pull

Hittite: terip(p)- (I) 'pflügen', terippi n. 'gepflügtes Feld' (Friedrich 221), h.l. tarrappunas 'of plowing'

Tokharian: A räp-, B rāp- (PT *räp-/*rāp(n)ā-) 'dig, turn up the soil, plow' (Adams 528)

Old Greek: drépō, dréptō, aor. drépsai̯, drapṓn Pind., aeol. (Alk.) conj. drópōsin `pflücken, abschneiden'; drépano-n n., drepánǟ f. `Sichel'; drémma n. `klémma; klásma' (Hsch.); dreptéu̯-s <dreptêi̯s> `Winzer (Hsch.); drṓptō `diakóptō' (Hsch.), drō̂pak-s, -kos `Pechmütze, um Haare auszuziehen', drōpakízdō `reisse Haare aus', drṓptǟ-s `planḗtēs, ptōkhós' (Hsch.)

Slavic: *drāpātī; *drьpātī, *drьpītī (~ -rь-)

Russ. meaning: резать, дергать etc.

References: WP I 797 f

Comments: Cf. #1815 *terb-, *treb- (*tre-j-b-)

고대음은 탵 

seven 7

째뿐-->째버리는 경상도사투리

septm은 째뿟음-->째버렸음의 경상도사투리

Proto-IE: *septm

Meaning: num.: seven

Tokharian: A ṣpät, B ṣukt (*ṣäp(ä)t) 'seven' (Adams 657)

Old Indian: saptá `seven'

Avestan: hapta

Armenian: evthn

Old Greek: heptá

Slavic: *sedmь, ord. *sedmъ

Baltic: *sept-īn-; *sept-m-a- adj.

Germanic: *sibun

Latin: septem

Celtic: OIr secht n-, Cymr usw. saith

Russ. meaning: семь

우리말에 목을 따다

과일을 따다

따다는 것은 끊다,자르다

dap나 tap나 따뿌-->따버려의 경상도사투리 

Proto-IE: *dap-

Meaning: sacrifice, offering; to cut to pieces

Tokharian: ? A tāp(p)-, B tāpp- 'to eat' (PT *tāppā-) (Adams 286)

Armenian: taun `Fest'

Old Greek: dáptō, aor. dápsai̯ `zerreissen, zerfleische, verzehren', dardáptō `zerreisse, verpassen'; dapánǟ f. `Aufwand, Kosten'; dápano- `lavish, exrtavagant; expensive'; dáptǟ-s `Zerreiber'

Germanic: *ta[f]-n-a- n.

Latin: daps, -is f. `Mahl, Schmaus, bes. Opfermahl'

Russ. meaning: жертвоприношение; резать на куски

References: WP I 764 f

썰다 역시 자르다

썰어뿌-->썰어버려의 경상도사투리

Proto-IE: *sarp- / -e-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: sickle, to cut (with a sickle)

Old Greek: hárpǟ f. `Sichel'

Slavic: *sьrpъ

Baltic: *sir̃p-a-, -ia- c., -ā̂, -iā̃ f.

Latin: sarpiō/sarpō, sarpsī, sarptum, sarpere `beschneiteln die Weinstöcke'

Celtic: MIr serr `Sichel'; Cymr ser `ds.'

Russ. meaning: серп; жать серпом

References: WP II 500 f

 벗기다 벅기다 옷을 벗다 박  bark  껍질

w는 과거 v발음 f발음 

r발음은 묻힐 수 있다.

Proto-IE: *werk'-, *wrak'-

Meaning: to cut, to peel

Old Indian: vr̥ścáti `to cut down, off, asunder, cleave, hew, fell (a tree)', vráścana- m. `cutting, wounding, incision'

Old Greek: rhákos, pl. rhákea n., aeol. (Sappho) *wrákos n. (pl. brákea) `Fetzen, Lumpen, Runzeln, Trümmer', rháketro-n `Hackmesser', *wráketo-: bráketon = kladeutḗrion' Hsch., *wrákalo-: brákalon = rhópalon Hsch.

Slavic: *verskāti, *vorskā (ruga, Runzel in der Haut, Ritze)

Russ. meaning: (с)резать, облупливать, снимать верхний слой

References: WP I 290

Proto-IE: *werǝg'-, *wrēg'- (*wrē-j-g'-)

Meaning: to pierce, to cut through

Tokharian: A wärk-, B wārk- (PT *wärk-) 'shear' (Adams 587 differently)

Armenian: ergic-uchanem `rhḗgnǖmi'

Old Greek: rhḗgnǖmi, rhḗssō (att. -ttō), aor. rē̂ksai̯, pf. med. érrēgmai̯, act. érrōga, aor. pass. rhagē̂nai̯, rēkhthē̂nai̯ `(zer)reissen, (zer)brechen, zersprengen'; rhē̂ksi-s, lesb. (alk.) wrēksi-s f. `das Durchbrechen, Bruch', rhḗktǟ-s m. `der Zerreisser', rhē̂gma n. `Riss, Spalte', *rhṓk-s, pl. acc. rhō̂gas `Riss, enger Gang', dia-rrōgǟ́ f. `Spalte, Zwischenraum', rhōgmǟ́ f. `Bruch, Riss', rhōgmó-s, rhōkhmó-s m., pl. rhōkhmái̯ f. `Riss, Spalte', rhēgmī́n, gen. -ī̂nos `Wogenbruch, Brandung', rhēgmó-s `Riss, Spalte, Brach', *wrēgaléo-: trēgaléon = dierrōgóta Hsch.; áu̯rēkto- `ungebrochen' (Hdn.); ion. rhagḗ `Riss, Spalte'; rhágdǟn `reissend, heftig, ungestüm'; rhagǟ́ f. `Riss, Ritze, Spalte, Kluft', rhágdǟn `reissend, heftig, ungestüm'; rhágos n. `Lumpen, Fetzen'

Slavic: *rḗzjǭ, *rḗzātī; *rēzъ; *rьznǭtī

Baltic: *rē̂ǯ- (-ja-) vb. tr., *rē̂ǯ-ī̂- vb., *rō̂ǯ-a- c. (2), *rō̂ǯ-t-a- c.; *reîǯ- vb. tr., *rī̂ǯ- vb. intr. (2), *raîǯ-iā̃ f. (2)

Russ. meaning: пробивать, прорезать

References: WP I 319

긁다의 긁

긁 긃 ㄱ<-->ㅂ 호환

Proto-IE: *gerbh-, *grebh-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to scratch, to make cuts, notches

Old Greek: lakon. griphā̂sthai = gráphein, hoi dè ksǘein kài amǘssein Hsch.; griphṓmena (Hp., Erot.); gráphō (Melos gróphō), aor. grápsai̯ `einritzen, schreiben', hom. pl. graptǘes f. `Kratzer', graphǟ́ `Ritzung, Gemälde, Schrift etc.', pl. gráphea n. `Schreibzeichen etc.', grammǟ́ `Linie, Start- und Ziellinie', grámma n. pl. `Schreibzeichen etc.', ark. grassma (*graphsmā), arg. pl. gráthmata, aeol. gróppata; grammó-s `das Schreibung (als Handlung)', graptḗr `Schreiber', graphís f. `Griffel'

Slavic: *žerbъ, *žerbьjь

Baltic: *gir̃b-i[a]- n., ? *grīb-s-t-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *kirb-a- vb.; *kur[b]-i- adj.; *krib-Vl-ō- vb.; *krabb-ō- vb.

Russ. meaning: царапать, делать насечки

References: WP I 605 f

우리말의 낫 날 날카로운 이 있다.

자르다 농기구로 풀이나 벼를 베는데 사용한다.

j와 n의 발음변화

t-->d-->r-->n

ㅌ-->ㅊ-->ㅈ

ㅌ-->ㄷ-->ㅈ

ㅌ-->ㄷ-->ㄹ-->ㄴ 

Proto-Altaic: *nìt`à

Meaning: sharp weapon, a k. of knife

Russian meaning: острое орудие, вид ножа

Turkic: *jiti

 

Proto-Turkic: *jiti

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sharp

Russian meaning: острый

Old Turkic: jiti (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jitig (MK, KB)

Turkish: iti- (v.)

Tatar: ǯete

Middle Turkic: iti (AH, Ettuhf.), itik (Pav. C.), iti- v. (Pav. C.)

Uighur: ištik

Azerbaidzhan: iti

Turkmen: jiti

Khakassian: čǝtǝg

Shor: čidig

Halaj: jitti

Chuvash: śivǯǝ (?)

Yakut: sɨtɨ̄

Dolgan: hɨtɨ̄

Tuva: čidig, čidi- (v.)

Kazakh: žiti

Balkar: žütü

Karaim: jiti, iti

Kumyk: itti

Comments: EDT 889, ЭСТЯ 4, 205-206, Stachowski 121. Cf. also Tur. jat 'weapon', jataɣan 'a k. of sword' (VEWT 192, TMN 4, 52).

Mongolian: *nitula-

Korean: *nát

 

Proto-Korean: *nát

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sickle

Russian meaning: серп

Modern Korean: nat [nas]

Middle Korean: nát

Comments: Nam 94, KED 311.

Japanese: *nátá

 

Proto-Japanese: *nátá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hatchet

Russian meaning: топорик

Tokyo: nàta, natá

Kyoto: nátá

Kagoshima: nátà

Comments: JLTT 494.

Comments: See SKE 162 (Kor-Jpn.). The Jpn. word is not attested in OJ and MJ texts and may well be borrowed from Korean - which would also explain the irregular high tone.

nad

n은 l의 변음이다.

lad 그리고 l이니 앞에 연구개음kh가 생략

khlad 가르다 자르다

t-->d-->r-->n의 경우

tad-->nad-->nar 날 

tad-->tal -->stal -->jal 자르

Proto-Altaic: *nad[i]

Meaning: seven

Russian meaning: семь

Turkic: *jẹt(t)i

 

Proto-Turkic: *jẹt(t)i

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: seven

Russian meaning: семь

Old Turkic: jeti (Yen., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jeti (MK)

Turkish: jedi

Tatar: ǯide

Middle Turkic: jeddī (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jetti

Uighur: jätti

Sary-Yughur: jeti, jiti, ǯetä

Azerbaidzhan: jeddi

Turkmen: jedi

Khakassian: čittǝ

Shor: četti

Oyrat: jeti

Halaj: jieti, jätti (< Az.?)

Chuvash: śiǯǝ

Yakut: sette

Dolgan: hette

Tuva: čedi

Tofalar: čedi

Kirghiz: ǯeti

Kazakh: žeti

Noghai: jeti

Bashkir: jete

Balkar: jeti, ǯeti, žeti

Gagauz: jedi

Karaim: jedi

Karakalpak: žeti

Salar: jitti

Kumyk: jetti

Comments: EDT 886, VEWT 199, ЭСТЯ 4, 167-168, TMN 4, 139, Stachowski 102.

Tungus-Manchu: *nada-n

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *nada-n

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: seven

Russian meaning: семь

Evenki: nadan

Even: nadъn

Negidal: nadan

Spoken Manchu: nadǝn (2741)

Literary Manchu: nadan

Jurchen: nadan (642)

Ulcha: nada(n)

Orok: nada(n)

Nanai: nadã

Oroch: nada(n)

Udighe: nada(n)

Solon: nadã

Comments: ТМС 1, 576-577.

Korean: *nìr-kúp

 

Proto-Korean: *nìr-kúp

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: seven

Russian meaning: семь

Modern Korean: ilgop

Middle Korean: nìr-kúp

Comments: Nam 124, KED 1350.

Japanese: *nana-

 

Proto-Japanese: *nana-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: seven

Russian meaning: семь

Old Japanese: nana-

Middle Japanese: nànà-

Tokyo: naná-

Kyoto: nánà-

Kagoshima: nànà-

Comments: JLTT 493. As with most other numerals, the accent reconstruction is not quite clear.

Comments: Mong. *dal- '7' may suggest PA *ĺad[i]- (with a development > Mong. *ĺal- (through assimilation) > dal-). The medial consonant in general behaves rather irregularly: one may suggest an original cluster like *-dd- to explain the Turkic reflex. Jpn. *nana- regularly < *nada-n ( = TM *nada-n); in Kor. one has to assume vowel elision already after *-d- > -r- (i.e. *nìr-kup < *nìrV-kup). Despite all these difficulties, the numeral 'seven' seems to be safely reconstructable for PA. Cf. also Koguryo *nanǝn 'seven', see Lee 28, 39, Menges 1984, 278.

우즈벡어

iyul [이율]  

명사 7월, 칠월

Etti 7

카자흐어 7

Жетінші

터키어

7

yedi

팉-->칱-->칟-->칠 (한국어)

텥-->쳍-->첻-->젣-->옏(터키어)

한자상고음

上古音查询

 

共 1 条				第 1 条
中古声母	清	中古声调	入	中古开合	开
中古韵母	質	中古摄	臻	中古等	三等
高本汉	ts'i ̯e ̆t	Ⅹ/5部	李方桂	tshjit	質
王力	tshie	質	白一平	tshjit	質部
郑张尚芳	snhid	質1部	潘悟云	sn̥id	質1部
反 切	親吉
注 释	字见《说文》
输入所查询的汉字

Proto-Dravidian : *jōẓ-

Meaning : seven

Proto-South Dravidian: *ēẓ-

 

Proto-South Dravidian : *ēẓ-

Meaning : seven

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : ēẓu

Tamil meaning : seven

Tamil derivates : ēẓmai seven; eẓu-patu seventy; eẓu-nūr_u 700; eẓumai seven successive births; eẓuvar seven persons; evv-ēẓu seven each

Malayalam : ēẓu

Malayalam meaning : seven

Malayalam derivates : eẓu-patu seventy; eẓu-nnūr_u 700; eẓuvar seven persons

Kannada : ēẓu

Kannada meaning : seven

Kannada derivates : ēẓ-pattu, eppattu seventy; ēẓ-nūr_u, ēẓu-nūr_u, eḷnūr_u 700; ēẓbar, ēẓvaru seven persons

Kodagu : ē̈ḷɨ

Kodagu meaning : seven

Kodagu derivates : ē̈ḷane seventh; ëḷu-vadɨ seventy; ē̈ḷ-nūrɨ 700; ëvvë seven persons (in songs)

Tulu : ēḷụ

Tulu meaning : seven

Tulu derivates : ēḷane seventh; ēḷverụ seven persons; eḷpa, ēḷpa, erpa seventy

Proto-Nilgiri : *ēṛ

Number in DED : 0910

Proto-Telugu : *ēṛ-

 

Proto-Telugu : *ēṛ-

Meaning : seven

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : ēḍu

Inscriptional Telugu : ēṛu "(7th cent.) seven"

Additional forms : Also ēḍuguru seven persons; ēṇ-nūr_u 700; [1] ḍebbadi, [2] ḍebbhai, [3] ḍabbhai seventy; ḍebbaṇḍru seventy persons

Number in DED : 910

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *ēṛ

 

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *ēṛ

Meaning : seven

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kinwat Kolami : ēṛ

Kolami (Setumadhava Rao) : eḍ

Additional forms : Also Kolami_SR ergur, eḍgur seven persons

Notes : If not borrowed from Telugu?

Number in DED : 910

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *jōṛ-

 

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *jēṛ-

Meaning : seven

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Gondi : *jēṛ-uŋ/*jēṛ-vur

Konda : ēṛu

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *oṛ-

Notes : PSDR *jōṛ- should be expected; we have to assume an analogy with *enṭ- 'eight'.