인도의 MD 논란

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인도는 본시 지대지 미사일로 개발된 PRITHVI를 진화시켜서 MD용 요격미사일을 개발하고 있습니다. [ PRITHVI의 추진부는 SA-2의 것을 바탕으로 개발했다고 하니, '방공의 일환'이라 할수 있는 MD용으로 가는 것은 일종의 come back home? ] 외기권과 준대기권의 2개 층 방어체계를 연구중인데, 2006년 11월 27일에는 고도 50Km에서 요격시험을, 2007년 12월 6일에는 고도 15Km에서 요격시험을 성공시켰다고 발표했습니다. 요격시 타겟으로 쓰인 미사일도 PRITHVI의 변종인데, M-9과 M-11 같은 탄도탄을 흉내내도록 했답니다.

* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prithvi_missile   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prithvi_Air_Defence

인도의 ADD라고 할 수 있는 DRDO는 MD 체계 실용화에 3~4년이 더 소요될 것으로 전망하는데, 반대론자들은 단거리 탄도탄을 요격할 능력을 갖춘다 해도 상대가 (돌입속도가 더욱 빠른) 사거리 2000Km 이상의 탄도탄을 갖고 있다면 결국 더욱 장거리의 레이다, 더욱 빠른 요격미사일을 추가로 개발하지 않을 수 없게 된다고 비판합니다. 인도의 요격미사일은 마하 4~5대인데 비해, 이스라엘의 Arrow 2 요격미사일은 마하 9로 훨씬 빠릅니다.

Toward an Indian Missile Defence Shield(Miltech, Feb., 2008)
written by Radhakrishna Rao

Quietly yet efficiently, India has initiated steps to put in place a comprehensive missile defence shield and in the process join the ranks of the USA, Russia and Israel as the sole countries that possess such a capability.

The December 6, 2007 landmark test in which an Indian interceptor missile scored a direct hit on an incoming, modified PRITHVI missile gave a boost to the plan of the state-owned Defence Research and Development Organisation(DRDO) to realise a two-component layered missile defence network. The liquid-fuelled, single stage PRITHVI is already in service with the Indian defence forces. According to V. K. Saraswat, Chief Controller (R&D) of DRDO, the modified version of PRITHVI which played the role of attacker during the test "mimicked" the trajectory of M-9 and M-11 ballistic missiles, "which are with our adversaries".

The Dec. 6 endo-atmospheric test was to follow-up to a first exo-atmospheric test carred out on November 27, 2006, during which an intercoptor missile christened PRITHVI Air Defence(PAD) successfully intercepted a PRITHVI-II missile at an altitude of 50km. The missile was shot down at an altitude of 15km above the Bay of Bengal during the terminal stage of its flight - that is, the interception took place when the target missile was in free fall at a speed of Mach 3 and the interceptor missile was itself travelling at more than Mach 4. ......

Although radars from Israel and France were deployed to support the Dec. 6 test, the highly sophisticated software that ensured the flawless functioning of the entire system was developed by DRDO scientists. "This is hard-core engineering related software and not BPO(Business Process Outsourcing) software. It shows the significant capability of networking, massive software linked hardware. If you can do this for a missile, you can do it for civil aviation" quipped DRDO Chief M. Natarajan.

Buoyed by the success, DRDO is now preparing for an integrated test involving both the exo- and endo-atmosphric systems. However, SAraswat said that it would take 3-4 years before he would be prepared to confidently state that India could put in place a national missile defence system. "It will be then up to the Government of India to decide on the induction of the system", said Saraswat.

A notional Indian missile shield would obviously be intended to protect at least key parts of the national territory from ballistic missiles that could be fired from Pakistan and China. On its part Pakistan has already said that it was opposed the introduction to South Asia of a new weapon system like India's proposed missile defence shield as this could spark an "unnecessary arms race", to use the words of a spokemman of Pakistan's Exernal Affairs Ministry.

Even in India itself, some defence analysts have their own doubts as to the real effectiveness and overall wisdom of the proposed national missile defence shield. For example, Prof. Bharat Karnad, national security expert at the New Delhi-based Centre for Policy Research says that India should not wasting its efforts and resources on such a system, for he stressed the point that "the technology is not mature yet... No country has as yet developed a foolproff missile interdiction-interception technology". On the same vein, air Commodore Jasjit Singh, Director of the Centre for Air Power Studies says that "these trials are important steps but we are still a long way from having an effective shield". The latter is also the opinion of most foreign experts, who stress that even an operationally depolyed capability ot intercopt ballistric missiles in the PRITHVI/PRITHVI II range class would be of very limited strategic value and DRDO would rather have to tackle the challenging task of developing longer-range radars and faster intercepters to destroy intermediate-range ballistic missiles with a range of more than 2,000km. ......

[백선호]

보통 IRBM의 돌입 속도는 어느 정도가 될까요? ICBM은 마하 25~30이라고 들은 것 같은데...

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http://npc.sarov.ru/english/digest/82002/appendix7.html 2번 째 표는 참고할 만할 것 같습니다. 2,000km면 마하 12까지... 하긴 1차 걸프전 때 마하 5쯤이었던 PAC-2가 마하 7~8인 알 후세인도 요격했으니, 탄도탄 요격에선 요격미사일이 꼭 목표보다 빨라야 하는 것은 아닌 듯합니다만, 그래도 인도 것은 좀 스펙이 딸리는 감이;;;